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Științe Naturale SAT - Geografie și Oceanografie

Aici vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză legate de geografie și oceanografie, cum ar fi "alpin", "ghețar", "boreal" etc., de care vei avea nevoie pentru a trece de SAT-urile tale.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
geographer
geographer
[substantiv]

a person who studies the Earth's landscapes, climates, populations, and their relationships to human activities and the environment

geograf, specialist în geografie

geograf, specialist în geografie

Ex: The geographer used satellite images and GIS technology to map the changes in land use over the past decade. 
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meteorologist
meteorologist
[substantiv]

a scientist who studies and predicts weather conditions by analyzing atmospheric patterns, utilizing tools such as weather models, instruments, and data to provide forecasts and weather-related information

meteorolog, prognozist meteo

meteorolog, prognozist meteo

Ex: The meteorologist on the news predicted rain for the weekend. 
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hemisphere
hemisphere
[substantiv]

one of the two halves of the Earth, separated by the equator or a meridian

emisferă, semi sferă

emisferă, semi sferă

Ex: The Northern Hemisphere experiences winter when the Southern Hemisphere is in summer. 
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stratosphere
stratosphere
[substantiv]

the atmospheric layer above the troposphere, where temperature generally increases with altitude and the ozone layer is situated

stratosferă, strat stratosferic

stratosferă, strat stratosferic

Ex: The stratosphere contains the ozone layer, crucial for absorbing and blocking harmful ultraviolet radiation. 
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deforestation
deforestation
[substantiv]

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

despădurire, tăierea pădurilor

despădurire, tăierea pădurilor

Ex: Large-scale deforestation is driven by the demand for agricultural land. 
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topographical
topographical
[adjectiv]

related to the detailed mapping or description of the physical features and landscape of a particular area

topografic

topografic

Ex: The topographical survey revealed the steep slopes and valleys of the mountainous region. 
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latitude
latitude
[substantiv]

an imaginary horizontal circle around the Earth parallel to the equator, used to measure north-south position

latitudine, paralelă

latitudine, paralelă

Ex: The explorer recorded the latitude of the new settlement. 
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subterranean
subterranean
[adjectiv]

situated, occurring, or existing beneath the surface of the earth

subteran, subpământean

subteran, subpământean

Ex: The subterranean tunnels were used for secret military operations during the war. 
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boreal
boreal
[adjectiv]

related to regions or climates located in the northern latitudes of the Earth, characterized by cold temperatures and typically dominated by coniferous forests

boreal, nordic

boreal, nordic

Ex: The boreal forests of Canada are home to diverse wildlife adapted to cold winters, such as moose, wolves, and bears. 
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landmass
landmass
[substantiv]

a large, unbroken expanse of land, like a continent or a big island, standing out from smaller land features

masă de uscat, intindere terestră

masă de uscat, intindere terestră

Ex: Asia is the largest landmass on Earth, encompassing diverse climates and cultures. 
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circumpolar
circumpolar
[adjectiv]

related to areas or phenomena located around the poles of the Earth, particularly within the Arctic and Antarctic circles

circumpolar, polar

circumpolar, polar

Ex: Circumpolar regions experience extreme seasonal variations in daylight, with continuous daylight in summer and darkness in winter. 
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glacier
glacier
[substantiv]

a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

ghețar, gheață permanentă

ghețar, gheață permanentă

Ex: Scientists study glaciers to understand the effects of climate change on ice melt and sea-level rise. 
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aquifer
aquifer
[substantiv]

a layer of rock or sediment that stores and transmits groundwater

acvifer, strat purtător de apă

acvifer, strat purtător de apă

Ex: Farmers drill wells into the aquifer to access water for irrigation. 
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geodetic
geodetic
[adjectiv]

related to the science of measuring and understanding the Earth's shape, size, gravitational field, and the precise locations of points on its surface

geodezic, legat de geodezie

geodezic, legat de geodezie

Ex: Geodetic surveys are essential for creating accurate maps and charts used in navigation and land development. 
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overseas
overseas
[adverb]

across the ocean or sea, referring to travel or transport to foreign countries or distant lands

în străinătate, peste mări

în străinătate, peste mări

Ex: The researchers conducted their study overseas, gathering data from coastal regions in Southeast Asia. 
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alpine
alpine
[adjectiv]

related to the Alps mountain range and the people who live there

alpin

alpin

Ex: The alpine villages are known for their charming architecture and stunning mountain views. 
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outback
outback
[substantiv]

remote and sparsely populated inland regions of Australia, typically characterized by arid landscapes and minimal human habitation

interior, outback

interior, outback

Ex: The vast expanse of the Australian outback is known for its red desert sands and expansive plains. 
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highlands
highlands
[substantiv]

the elevated regions or mountainous areas that are higher than the surrounding terrain, often characterized by cooler temperatures and diverse ecosystems

înaltimi, regiuni montane

înaltimi, regiuni montane

Ex: The Scottish Highlands are famous for their rugged beauty, historic castles, and picturesque lochs. 
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atmospheric
atmospheric
[adjectiv]

having a connection to or originating in the Earth's atmosphere

atmosferic, legat de atmosferă

atmosferic, legat de atmosferă

Ex: Atmospheric conditions can affect weather patterns and climate. 
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smog event
smog event
[substantiv]

a period of intense air pollution characterized by high levels of a mixture of pollutants

eveniment de smog, eveniment de poluare a aerului

eveniment de smog, eveniment de poluare a aerului

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landfill
landfill
[substantiv]

a piece of land under which waste material is buried

groapă de gunoi, depozit de deșeuri

groapă de gunoi, depozit de deșeuri

Ex: The city opened a new landfill to accommodate its growing waste management needs. 
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oceanographer
oceanographer
[substantiv]

a scientist specializing in the study of oceans, focusing on their physical properties, marine life, ecosystems, and interactions with the atmosphere and land

oceanograf, om de știință specializat în studiul oceanelor

oceanograf, om de știință specializat în studiul oceanelor

Ex: The oceanographer conducted research aboard a research vessel to study deep-sea currents. 
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epipelagic
epipelagic
[adjectiv]

relating to the upper layer of the oceanic zone, extending from the surface to a depth of about 200 meters

referitor la stratul superior al zonei oceanice,  care se extinde de la suprafață până la o adâncime de aproximativ 200 de metri

referitor la stratul superior al zonei oceanice, care se extinde de la suprafață până la o adâncime de aproximativ 200 de metri

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mesopelagic
mesopelagic
[adjectiv]

relating to the middle layer of the oceanic zone, extending from a depth of about 200 meters to about 1000 meters

mezopelagic, referitor la stratul intermediar al zonei oceanice

mezopelagic, referitor la stratul intermediar al zonei oceanice

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bathypelagic
bathypelagic
[adjectiv]

relating to the deep layer of the oceanic zone, extending from a depth of about 1000 meters to about 4000 meters below the surface

referitor la stratul profund al zonei oceanice,  care se întinde de la o adâncime de aproximativ 1000 de metri la aproximativ 4000 de metri sub suprafață

referitor la stratul profund al zonei oceanice, care se întinde de la o adâncime de aproximativ 1000 de metri la aproximativ 4000 de metri sub suprafață

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reservoir
reservoir
[substantiv]

a lake, either natural or artificial, from which water is supplied to houses

rezervor, baraj

rezervor, baraj

Ex: The city's reservoir, nestled in the hills, stores water from nearby rivers and supplies it to thousands of homes. 
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riparian
riparian
[adjectiv]

related to areas or ecosystems situated along the banks of rivers, streams, or other water bodies

riveran, ripariu

riveran, ripariu

Ex: The riparian zone along the riverbank is lush with vegetation that thrives on the water's edge. 
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water column
water column
[substantiv]

the vertical column of water in a body of water, such as an ocean, sea, lake, or river, extending from the surface to the bottom

coloană de apă, coloană verticală de apă

coloană de apă, coloană verticală de apă

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seaboard
seaboard
[substantiv]

the coastal regions or areas adjacent to the sea or ocean, often characterized by economic activities such as shipping, fishing, and tourism

litoral, coastă

litoral, coastă

Ex: The bustling cities and ports along the seaboard contribute significantly to the country's economy. 
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intertidal
intertidal
[adjectiv]

related to the zone between the high and low tide marks on the shore, where marine organisms are adapted to alternating periods of exposure to air and water

intertidal, referitor la zona dintre marcajele mareei înalte și scăzute pe țărm

intertidal, referitor la zona dintre marcajele mareei înalte și scăzute pe țărm

Ex: Intertidal creatures like crabs and mussels are adapted to withstand both wet and dry conditions. 
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tidal station
tidal station
[substantiv]

a monitoring station located along a coastline or in a body of water that measures and records tidal data

stație de maree, stație de măsurare a mareelor

stație de maree, stație de măsurare a mareelor

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aphotic
aphotic
[adjectiv]

related to ocean zones where no sunlight penetrates, typically below 200 meters deep, supporting organisms adapted to darkness

afotic, referitor la zonele oceanice unde lumina soarelui nu pătrunde

afotic, referitor la zonele oceanice unde lumina soarelui nu pătrunde

Ex: The aphotic zone of the ocean is home to unique bioluminescent organisms that generate their own light. 
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