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Ciencias Naturales SAT - Geografía y Oceanografía

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con la geografía y la oceanografía, como "alpino", "glaciar", "boreal", etc., que necesitarás para aprobar tus SATs.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
geographer
geographer
[Sustantivo]

a person who studies the Earth's landscapes, climates, populations, and their relationships to human activities and the environment

geógrafo, especialista en geografía

geógrafo, especialista en geografía

Ex: The geographer used satellite images and GIS technology to map the changes in land use over the past decade. 
meteorologist
meteorologist
[Sustantivo]

a scientist who studies and predicts weather conditions by analyzing atmospheric patterns, utilizing tools such as weather models, instruments, and data to provide forecasts and weather-related information

meteorólogo, pronosticador

meteorólogo, pronosticador

Ex: The meteorologist on the news predicted rain for the weekend. 
hemisphere
hemisphere
[Sustantivo]

one of the two halves of the Earth, separated by the equator or a meridian

hemisferio

hemisferio

Ex: The Northern Hemisphere experiences winter when the Southern Hemisphere is in summer. 
stratosphere
stratosphere
[Sustantivo]

the atmospheric layer above the troposphere, where temperature generally increases with altitude and the ozone layer is situated

estratosfera, capa estratosférica

estratosfera, capa estratosférica

Ex: The stratosphere contains the ozone layer, crucial for absorbing and blocking harmful ultraviolet radiation. 
deforestation
deforestation
[Sustantivo]

the extensive removal of forests, typically causing environmental damage

deforestación

deforestación

Ex: Large-scale deforestation is driven by the demand for agricultural land. 
topographical
topographical
[Adjetivo]

related to the detailed mapping or description of the physical features and landscape of a particular area

topográfico

topográfico

Ex: The topographical survey revealed the steep slopes and valleys of the mountainous region. 
latitude
latitude
[Sustantivo]

an imaginary horizontal circle around the Earth parallel to the equator, used to measure north-south position

latitud

latitud

Ex: The explorer recorded the latitude of the new settlement. 
subterranean
subterranean
[Adjetivo]

situated, occurring, or existing beneath the surface of the earth

subterráneo

subterráneo

Ex: The subterranean tunnels were used for secret military operations during the war. 
boreal
boreal
[Adjetivo]

related to regions or climates located in the northern latitudes of the Earth, characterized by cold temperatures and typically dominated by coniferous forests

boreal, nórdico

boreal, nórdico

Ex: The boreal forests of Canada are home to diverse wildlife adapted to cold winters, such as moose, wolves, and bears. 
landmass
landmass
[Sustantivo]

a large, unbroken expanse of land, like a continent or a big island, standing out from smaller land features

masa de tierra, extensión terrestre

masa de tierra, extensión terrestre

Ex: Asia is the largest landmass on Earth, encompassing diverse climates and cultures. 
circumpolar
circumpolar
[Adjetivo]

related to areas or phenomena located around the poles of the Earth, particularly within the Arctic and Antarctic circles

circumpolar, polar

circumpolar, polar

Ex: Circumpolar regions experience extreme seasonal variations in daylight, with continuous daylight in summer and darkness in winter. 
glacier
glacier
[Sustantivo]

a large mass of ice that forms over long periods of time, especially in polar regions or high mountains

glaciar

glaciar

Ex: Scientists study glaciers to understand the effects of climate change on ice melt and sea-level rise. 
aquifer
aquifer
[Sustantivo]

a layer of rock or sediment that stores and transmits groundwater

acuífero, capa freática

acuífero, capa freática

Ex: Farmers drill wells into the aquifer to access water for irrigation. 
geodetic
geodetic
[Adjetivo]

related to the science of measuring and understanding the Earth's shape, size, gravitational field, and the precise locations of points on its surface

geodésico, relativo a la geodesia

geodésico, relativo a la geodesia

Ex: Geodetic surveys are essential for creating accurate maps and charts used in navigation and land development. 
overseas
overseas
[Adverbio]

across the ocean or sea, referring to travel or transport to foreign countries or distant lands

ultramar, en el extranjero

ultramar, en el extranjero

Ex: The researchers conducted their study overseas, gathering data from coastal regions in Southeast Asia. 
alpine
alpine
[Adjetivo]

related to the Alps mountain range and the people who live there

alpino

alpino

Ex: The alpine villages are known for their charming architecture and stunning mountain views. 
outback
outback
[Sustantivo]

remote and sparsely populated inland regions of Australia, typically characterized by arid landscapes and minimal human habitation

interior, outback

interior, outback

Ex: The vast expanse of the Australian outback is known for its red desert sands and expansive plains. 
highlands
highlands
[Sustantivo]

the elevated regions or mountainous areas that are higher than the surrounding terrain, often characterized by cooler temperatures and diverse ecosystems

tierras altas, regiones montañosas

tierras altas, regiones montañosas

Ex: The Scottish Highlands are famous for their rugged beauty, historic castles, and picturesque lochs. 
atmospheric
atmospheric
[Adjetivo]

having a connection to or originating in the Earth's atmosphere

atmosférico

atmosférico

Ex: Atmospheric conditions can affect weather patterns and climate. 
smog event
smog event
[Sustantivo]

a period of intense air pollution characterized by high levels of a mixture of pollutants

episodio de smog, evento de contaminación del aire

episodio de smog, evento de contaminación del aire

landfill
landfill
[Sustantivo]

a piece of land under which waste material is buried

basural

basural

Ex: The city opened a new landfill to accommodate its growing waste management needs. 
oceanographer
oceanographer
[Sustantivo]

a scientist specializing in the study of oceans, focusing on their physical properties, marine life, ecosystems, and interactions with the atmosphere and land

oceanógrafo, científico especializado en el estudio de los océanos

oceanógrafo, científico especializado en el estudio de los océanos

Ex: The oceanographer conducted research aboard a research vessel to study deep-sea currents. 
epipelagic
epipelagic
[Adjetivo]

relating to the upper layer of the oceanic zone, extending from the surface to a depth of about 200 meters

relacionado con la capa superior de la zona oceánica,  que se extiende desde la superficie hasta una profundidad de aproximadamente 200 metros

relacionado con la capa superior de la zona oceánica, que se extiende desde la superficie hasta una profundidad de aproximadamente 200 metros

mesopelagic
mesopelagic
[Adjetivo]

relating to the middle layer of the oceanic zone, extending from a depth of about 200 meters to about 1000 meters

mesopelágico, relativo a la capa intermedia de la zona oceánica

mesopelágico, relativo a la capa intermedia de la zona oceánica

bathypelagic
bathypelagic
[Adjetivo]

relating to the deep layer of the oceanic zone, extending from a depth of about 1000 meters to about 4000 meters below the surface

relativo a la capa profunda de la zona oceánica,  que se extiende desde una profundidad de aproximadamente 1000 metros hasta unos 4000 metros bajo la superficie

relativo a la capa profunda de la zona oceánica, que se extiende desde una profundidad de aproximadamente 1000 metros hasta unos 4000 metros bajo la superficie

reservoir
reservoir
[Sustantivo]

a lake, either natural or artificial, from which water is supplied to houses

embalse, presa

embalse, presa

Ex: The city's reservoir, nestled in the hills, stores water from nearby rivers and supplies it to thousands of homes. 
riparian
riparian
[Adjetivo]

related to areas or ecosystems situated along the banks of rivers, streams, or other water bodies

ribereño, ripario

ribereño, ripario

Ex: The riparian zone along the riverbank is lush with vegetation that thrives on the water's edge. 
water column
water column
[Sustantivo]

the vertical column of water in a body of water, such as an ocean, sea, lake, or river, extending from the surface to the bottom

columna de agua, columna vertical de agua

columna de agua, columna vertical de agua

seaboard
seaboard
[Sustantivo]

the coastal regions or areas adjacent to the sea or ocean, often characterized by economic activities such as shipping, fishing, and tourism

litoral, costa

litoral, costa

Ex: The bustling cities and ports along the seaboard contribute significantly to the country's economy. 
intertidal
intertidal
[Adjetivo]

related to the zone between the high and low tide marks on the shore, where marine organisms are adapted to alternating periods of exposure to air and water

intermareal, de la zona intermareal

intermareal, de la zona intermareal

Ex: Intertidal creatures like crabs and mussels are adapted to withstand both wet and dry conditions. 
tidal station
tidal station
[Sustantivo]

a monitoring station located along a coastline or in a body of water that measures and records tidal data

estación de marea, estación de medición de mareas

estación de marea, estación de medición de mareas

aphotic
aphotic
[Adjetivo]

related to ocean zones where no sunlight penetrates, typically below 200 meters deep, supporting organisms adapted to darkness

afótico, relacionado con las zonas oceánicas donde no penetra la luz solar

afótico, relacionado con las zonas oceánicas donde no penetra la luz solar

Ex: The aphotic zone of the ocean is home to unique bioluminescent organisms that generate their own light. 
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