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犯罪与惩罚 - 监禁、流放与死刑

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Words Related to Crime and Punishment
confinement
confinement
[名词]

the action of keeping someone in a closed space, prison, etc., usually by force

监禁, 关押

监禁, 关押

Ex: Prisoners face strict confinement in high-security cells. 

囚犯在高安全级别的牢房中面临严格的监禁。

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custodial
custodial
[形容词]

relating to or involving imprisonment

监禁, 监狱

监禁, 监狱

Ex: Custodial measures were taken against the offender. 

对违法者采取了监禁措施。

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hard labor
hard labor
[名词]

a type of prison punishment that requires doing very hard physical work

苦役, 监狱劳动

苦役, 监狱劳动

Ex: He was sentenced to hard labor. 

他被判处苦役。

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to imprison
to imprison
[动词]

to put someone in prison or keep them somewhere and not let them go

监禁, 关押

监禁, 关押

Ex: Law enforcement authorities may imprison individuals found guilty of serious crimes. 

执法当局可能会监禁被判犯有严重罪行的个人。

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to incarcerate

to confine someone in prison or a similar facility due to legal reasons or as a form of punishment

监禁,  关押

监禁, 关押

Ex: Individuals convicted of serious crimes may be incarcerated for a specified term. 

被判犯有严重罪行的个人可能会被监禁一段指定的时间。

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to jail
to jail
[动词]

to put someone in jail as punishment or while they are awaiting legal proceedings

监禁,  关押

监禁, 关押

Ex: Several protesters were arrested and jailed overnight. 
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labor camp
labor camp
[名词]

a prison where prisoners, often political, are forced to do hard work

强制劳动营, 劳动营

强制劳动营, 劳动营

Ex: Labor camps are very strict. 

劳改营非常严格。

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life
life
[名词]

a prison sentence that lasts for the prisoner's entire life

无期徒刑, 终身监禁

无期徒刑, 终身监禁

Ex: The judge imposed life imprisonment without the possibility of parole due to the severity of the crime. 
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life sentence

the punishment in which an individual is made to stay in jail for the rest of their life, typically for committing a serious crime

无期徒刑

无期徒刑

Ex: Despite pleading for leniency, the judge imposed a life sentence on the defendant. 

尽管请求宽大处理,法官还是对被告判处了终身监禁。

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prison
prison
[名词]

a building where people who did something illegal, such as stealing, murder, etc., are kept as a punishment

监狱, 牢房

监狱, 牢房

Ex: She wrote letters to her family from prison, expressing her love and longing for them. 
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solitary confinement

the practice of isolating a prisoner in a small, often windowless cell, with minimal human contact or environmental stimulation, as a form of punishment or for security reasons

单独监禁, 隔离

单独监禁, 隔离

Ex: The prisoner, deemed a high-security risk, spent several weeks in solitary confinement to prevent potential disturbances with other inmates. 

这名被视为高安全风险的囚犯,为了防止与其他囚犯发生潜在的骚乱,在单独监禁中度过了数周。

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term
term
[名词]

a fixed period of time for something, such as a job, office, or prison sentence

任期, 期限

任期, 期限

Ex: The judge imposed a lengthy term of imprisonment for the serious offense. 
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home confinement

a punishment where a person must stay at home instead of going to prison, often under supervision

居家监禁, 软禁在家

居家监禁, 软禁在家

Ex: Home confinement means staying at home all day. 

居家监禁意味着整天待在家里。

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to lock away
to lock away
[动词]

to put a person in a place where they can not escape from, such as a psychiatric hospital or prison

把某人关在无法逃脱的地方, 长期把某人关押在监狱或机构中

把某人关在无法逃脱的地方, 长期把某人关押在监狱或机构中

Ex: The patient was locked away in a psychiatric hospital for observation. 

病人被关在精神病院进行观察。

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to lock up
to lock up
[动词]

to confine a person in a place, such as a prison, where they cannot escape without one's permission

关押, 监禁

关押, 监禁

Ex: The judge ordered the defendant to be locked up in the jail pending their trial. 

法官命令被告在审判前关押在监狱中。

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to banish
to banish
[动词]

to force someone to leave a country, often as a form of punishment or to keep them away

放逐, 驱逐

放逐, 驱逐

Ex: The king decided to banish the traitor from the kingdom for his treachery. 

国王决定因叛徒的背叛行为将其驱逐出王国。

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banishment
banishment
[名词]

the act of forcing someone to leave a place or country as a punishment

流放, 放逐

流放, 放逐

Ex: Banishment means leaving home forever. 

流放意味着永远离开家。

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exile
exile
[名词]

the state or period of being forced to live away from one's home or country

流放,  流亡

流放, 流亡

Ex: After years of exile, Daniel was finally allowed to return home. 
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to extradite
to extradite
[动词]

to send someone accused of a crime to the place where the crime happened or where they are wanted for legal matters

引渡, 移交

引渡, 移交

Ex: The government sought to extradite the international drug lord to face trial for drug trafficking. 

政府试图引渡国际毒枭以因毒品走私而受审。

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extradition
extradition
[名词]

the legal process of sending a person accused or convicted of a crime from one country to another

引渡, 引渡罪犯

引渡, 引渡罪犯

Ex: Extradition treaties exist between many countries. 

许多国家之间存在引渡条约。

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restraining order

a legal order that prevents someone from contacting or approaching another person

限制令, 禁止接触令

限制令, 禁止接触令

Ex: The restraining order keeps him away. 

限制令使他保持距离。

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capital
capital
[形容词]

relating to a crime that can be punished by death

死刑的, 可判处死刑的

死刑的, 可判处死刑的

Ex: Legal scholars debated the ethics of imposing a capital sentence for certain heinous crimes. 
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to execute
to execute
[动词]

to kill someone as a legal punishment

处决

处决

Ex: He was sentenced to death and executed several years later. 
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execution
execution
[名词]

the act of putting someone to death as a legal punishment

处决

处决

Ex: The governor postponed the execution until the court reviewed new evidence. 
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capital punishment

the killing of a criminal as punishment

死刑, 极刑

死刑, 极刑

Ex: The state abolished capital punishment decades ago, opting for life imprisonment instead. 

该州几十年前就废除了死刑,转而选择终身监禁。

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death sentence

a legal punishment in which a person is executed for a serious crime

死刑, 死刑判决

死刑, 死刑判决

Ex: The death sentence is very serious. 

死刑非常严重。

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to hang
to hang
[动词]

to kill a person by holding them in the air with a rope tied around their neck

绞死, 处以绞刑

绞死, 处以绞刑

Ex: In some countries, it is still legal to hang someone as a form of capital punishment. 
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hanging
hanging
[名词]

a method of execution where a person is killed by being suspended by the neck until dead

绞刑, 以绞刑处决

绞刑, 以绞刑处决

Ex: Hanging is a form of capital punishment. 

绞刑是一种死刑形式。

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