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语言学 - 正字法和排版

在这里,你将学习一些与拼写和排版相关的英语单词,如“拼写”、“草书”和“斜体”。

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Words Related to Linguistics
spelling
[名词]

the act or the ability of putting letters in the correct order to form a word

拼写, 拼法

拼写, 拼法

Ex: They used flashcards to test each other 's spelling of difficult words .他们用抽认卡来测试彼此对难词的**拼写**。
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the practice of using uppercase letters to signify the beginning of a sentence, proper nouns, and certain other grammatical elements for clarity and emphasis

大写字母的使用, 大写化

大写字母的使用, 大写化

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punctuation
[名词]

the use of marks such as a period, comma, etc. in writing to divide sentences and phrases to better convey meaning

标点符号

标点符号

Ex: The editor pointed out several punctuation errors in the draft that needed to be corrected .编辑指出了草案中几处需要纠正的**标点**错误。
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a set of symbols or characters used to represent language in a visual or tangible form, allowing communication and the recording of information

书写系统, 书写方法

书写系统, 书写方法

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a writing system that represents the sounds of a language using consistent and predictable symbols or characters, allowing for a direct correspondence between written and spoken forms

音位正字法, 音位书写系统

音位正字法, 音位书写系统

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cursive
[名词]

a style of handwriting in which the letters are joined together in a flowing manner, often written with continuous strokes and without lifting the pen or pencil from the paper

草书, 连笔字

草书, 连笔字

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typography
[名词]

the art and technique of organizing written text in a visually appealing and readable manner

排版, 字体设计艺术

排版, 字体设计艺术

Ex: In the world of advertising , effective typography can make or break a campaign , as brands strive to convey their message with clarity and impact through carefully chosen fonts and layouts .在广告界,有效的**排版**可以成就或破坏一个活动,因为品牌努力通过精心选择的字体和布局以清晰和影响力传达他们的信息。
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paragraph
[名词]

a self-contained part of discourse that consists of one or more sentences dealing with a particular topic, indicated by indentation

段落, 节

段落, 节

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the degree of consistency between the spelling and pronunciation of words in a writing system, with shallow orthographies having a high degree of consistency such as in Spanish and deep orthographies having a lower consistency such as in English

正字法深度, 拼写深度

正字法深度, 拼写深度

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lowercase
[名词]

the small letters in a writing system, contrasting with uppercase, and commonly used in regular text

小写字母, 小写

小写字母, 小写

Ex: The password requirement included at least one lowercase and one uppercase letter .密码要求包括至少一个**小写**字母和一个大写字母。
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uppercase
[名词]

the set of capital or large letters in the Latin alphabet or other writing systems, typically used at the beginning of a sentence, for proper nouns, and for emphasis

大写字母, 大写

大写字母, 大写

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a linguistic or writing technique that uses pictures, symbols, or combinations of letters to represent words or sounds, often based on their phonetic similarity or association, creating visual puns or wordplay

画谜原则, 画谜技巧

画谜原则, 画谜技巧

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alphabet
[名词]

a set of basic written symbols, representing the sounds of a language, which if put into correct orders form the words

字母表, 字母

字母表, 字母

Ex: The alphabet chart on the classroom wall helped students remember letter order .教室墙上的**字母表**图表帮助学生记住了字母顺序。
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logogram
[名词]

a written character or symbol that represents an entire word or concept, rather than representing individual sounds or phonetic elements, as seen in some writing systems such as Chinese characters or Egyptian hieroglyphs

语标, 表意文字

语标, 表意文字

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serif
[名词]

the small decorative strokes or flourishes that extend from the ends of the main strokes of letters in a typeface, giving them a more traditional or formal appearance

衬线, 装饰线

衬线, 装饰线

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typeface
[名词]

a particular design or style of lettering, including the shape, size, and characteristics of the characters, that make up a complete set of fonts within a specific font family

字体, 字型

字体, 字型

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allograph
[名词]

a different physical or visual representation of the same grapheme or character in a writing system

异体字, 图形变体

异体字, 图形变体

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grapheme
[名词]

the smallest unit of a writing system that represents a distinct sound or phoneme in a language, such as a single letter, combination of letters, or symbol

字位, 书写系统的最小单位

字位, 书写系统的最小单位

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bold
[名词]

a typographic style that emphasizes or highlights text by making it thicker and darker in appearance compared to the surrounding text

粗体, 黑体

粗体, 黑体

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italic
[名词]

a cursive script with slanted letters that are connected and flowing in appearance

斜体, 斜体字

斜体, 斜体字

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sans serif
[名词]

a typeface or font that does not have small decorative strokes or serifs at the ends of the main letterforms, giving it a clean and modern appearance

无衬线

无衬线

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slashed zero
[名词]

the typographic variation of the digit "0" in which a diagonal slash is added across the zero to distinguish it from the letter "O" and indicate that it represents the numerical zero

斜线零, 带斜线的零

斜线零, 带斜线的零

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ligature
[名词]

a typographic term that refers to the combination of two or more letters or characters into a single interconnected glyph, often used to enhance readability or aesthetic appeal in certain typefaces or scripts

连字, 组合字形

连字, 组合字形

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diacritic
[名词]

(linguistics) a mark that is written below or above a letter indicating a difference in pronunciation

变音符号, 附加符号

变音符号, 附加符号

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acute accent
[名词]

a diacritic used in various languages and writing systems to indicate different linguistic features such as stress, pitch, or vowel quality

尖音符号

尖音符号

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accent
[名词]

a mark that indicates the emphatic syllable in a word, which is stressed

重音

重音

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tilde
[名词]

the symbol ~ put over the letter n in Spanish, or a and o in Portuguese to indicate nasalization

波浪号, 鼻音化符号

波浪号, 鼻音化符号

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cedilla
[名词]

the mark that appears as a small hook put under the letter 'c' indicating that it has a /s/ sound, rather than a /k/ sound

软音符, 出现在字母'c'下方的小钩状标记,表示其发音为/s/而非/k/

软音符, 出现在字母'c'下方的小钩状标记,表示其发音为/s/而非/k/

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circumflex
[名词]

the mark ^, placed over a vowel in some languages indicating contraction, length, etc.

抑扬符, 曲折音符号

抑扬符, 曲折音符号

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grave
[名词]

the diacritic mark ` placed above a vowel in some languages indicating an altered pronunciation in case of quality, quantity or pitch

重音符, 抑音符

重音符, 抑音符

Ex: The teacher reminded the students to include the grave when writing the word ' mère ' ( mother ) in French .老师提醒学生在写法语单词'mère'(母亲)时要包括**重音符**。
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umlaut
[名词]

the mark ¨, put over a vowel indicating an articulation with rounding or fronting

变音符号, 分音符

变音符号, 分音符

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thorn
[名词]

a letter in some historical Germanic languages, such as Old English and Old Norse, representing the "th" sound, and is characterized by its distinct angular shape resembling a "p" with a vertical stroke

一些历史日耳曼语言中的一个字母,如古英语和古诺尔斯语,代表"th"音,其特点是独特的角形,类似于带有垂直笔划的"p", 用于古代日耳曼字母表中表示"th"音素的字符,可通过其类似于带有垂直线的"p"的形状来识别

一些历史日耳曼语言中的一个字母,如古英语和古诺尔斯语,代表"th"音,其特点是独特的角形,类似于带有垂直笔划的"p", 用于古代日耳曼字母表中表示"th"音素的字符,可通过其类似于带有垂直线的"p"的形状来识别

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pictograph
[名词]

a graphic symbol that signifies a word, phrase, physical object, etc.

象形文字, 图形符号

象形文字, 图形符号

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ideogram
[名词]

a symbol or graphic representation that directly represents a concept or idea, often without relying on specific sounds or language, commonly used in pictographic or logographic writing systems

表意文字, 图形符号

表意文字, 图形符号

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a letter in a word that is not pronounced when the word is spoken, although it may still affect the pronunciation or meaning of the word

静音字母, 不发音字母

静音字母, 不发音字母

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eth
[名词]

a letter used in some languages, such as Old English and Icelandic, to represent the voiced "th" sound, and is derived from the runic letter "d"

用于某些语言中的字母,如古英语和冰岛语,表示浊音“th”,源自符文字母“d”, 在如古英语和冰岛语等语言中使用的字符,用于表示浊音“th”,来源于符文字“d”

用于某些语言中的字母,如古英语和冰岛语,表示浊音“th”,源自符文字母“d”, 在如古英语和冰岛语等语言中使用的字符,用于表示浊音“th”,来源于符文字“d”

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virama
[名词]

a diacritic mark used in some writing systems, such as Devanagari and Indic scripts, to indicate the absence of a vowel sound following a consonant, effectively suppressing the inherent vowel

止韵符, 用于某些书写系统(如天城文和印度文字)的一个变音符号,表示辅音后没有元音,从而有效地抑制了固有的元音

止韵符, 用于某些书写系统(如天城文和印度文字)的一个变音符号,表示辅音后没有元音,从而有效地抑制了固有的元音

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calligraphy
[名词]

the art of producing beautiful handwriting using special writing instruments such as a dip or brush pen

书法, 用特殊书写工具如蘸水笔或毛笔制作美丽字迹的艺术

书法, 用特殊书写工具如蘸水笔或毛笔制作美丽字迹的艺术

Ex: Modern calligraphers often blend traditional techniques with contemporary designs to create stunning artworks.现代**书法家**经常将传统技巧与当代设计相结合,创造出令人惊叹的艺术作品。
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a style of Chinese calligraphy that emerged during the Han Dynasty and was commonly used for official documents and bureaucratic purposes, characterized by its simplified and standardized form with square-shaped characters and clear strokes

隶书, 楷书风格

隶书, 楷书风格

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seal script
[名词]

an ancient style of writing used in China during the late Zhou Dynasty and the Qin Dynasty, characterized by its pictographic and abstract forms, with characters often featuring intricate and flowing lines

篆书, 篆体

篆书, 篆体

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a standardized style of Chinese calligraphy characterized by its balanced and uniform strokes, widely used for its readability and simplicity

楷书, 标准字体

楷书, 标准字体

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a semi-cursive style of Chinese calligraphy that exhibits a fluid and connected writing with simplified strokes, striking a balance between the cursive and regular scripts

行书, 半草书体

行书, 半草书体

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kanji
[名词]

the logographic characters adopted from Chinese characters and used in the Japanese writing system

汉字, 日本汉字

汉字, 日本汉字

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hiragana
[名词]

a fundamental component of the Japanese writing system, comprising 46 characters that represent syllables and are utilized for native Japanese words, grammatical purposes, and verb endings

平假名, 日语书写系统的基本组成部分,包含46个字符,代表音节,用于日语本土词汇、语法用途和动词词尾

平假名, 日语书写系统的基本组成部分,包含46个字符,代表音节,用于日语本土词汇、语法用途和动词词尾

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katakana
[名词]

a component in the Japanese writing system, consisting of 46 characters that represent syllables and are primarily used for borrowed words, foreign names, onomatopoeia, and emphasis

片假名, 日语书写系统的一个组成部分,由46个字符组成,代表音节,主要用于外来词、外国名称、拟声词和强调

片假名, 日语书写系统的一个组成部分,由46个字符组成,代表音节,主要用于外来词、外国名称、拟声词和强调

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hanja
[名词]

the Chinese characters that are used in the Korean writing system, representing both meaning and sound and used in conjunction with the Korean alphabet, Hangul, to write words of Chinese origin or to clarify the meaning of Korean words

用于韩语书写系统的汉字,既代表意义又代表声音,与韩文字母Hangul一起使用,用于书写源自中文的单词或阐明韩语单词的含义, 汉字

用于韩语书写系统的汉字,既代表意义又代表声音,与韩文字母Hangul一起使用,用于书写源自中文的单词或阐明韩语单词的含义, 汉字

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rune
[名词]

a letter or character from the runic alphabet, used in various Germanic languages during the early Middle Ages

如尼字母, 符文字符

如尼字母, 符文字符

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stroke
[名词]

a single mark or brush movement used to construct characters in writing systems like Chinese, Japanese, or Korean

笔画, 笔触

笔画, 笔触

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