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IELTS学术词汇 (分数5) - 数学

在这里,你将学习一些与数学相关的英语单词,这些单词是基础学术雅思考试所必需的。

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
algebra
algebra
[名词]

a branch of mathematics in which abstract letters and symbols represent numbers in order to generalize the arithmetic

代数

代数

Ex: She struggled with algebra at first but eventually mastered the concepts with extra practice. 

她一开始在代数上很吃力,但通过额外的练习最终掌握了这些概念。

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arithmetic
arithmetic
[名词]

a branch of mathematics that deals with addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc.

算术

算术

Ex: He excelled in arithmetic and quickly mastered mental math techniques. 

他在算术方面表现出色,并迅速掌握了心算技巧。

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geometry
geometry
[名词]

the branch of mathematics that deals with the relation between the lines, angles and surfaces or the properties of the space

几何学

几何学

Ex: Geometry is essential for designing buildings and bridges. 

几何学对于设计建筑物和桥梁至关重要。

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equation
equation
[名词]

(mathematics) a statement indicating the equality between two values

方程

方程

Ex: Economists analyze supply and demand equations to forecast market trends and price changes. 
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fraction
fraction
[名词]

a number expressed as one quantity divided by another, especially one written with a numerator and denominator

分数,  分式

分数, 分式

Ex: Students learned how to add fractions with different denominators. 
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decimal
decimal
[名词]

(mathematics) a number less than one, called a fraction, that is represented as a period followed by the number of tenths, hundredths, etc.

小数, 十进制数

小数, 十进制数

Ex: The student converted the fraction 3/5 into a decimal to make calculations easier. 

学生将分数3/5转换为小数以使计算更容易。

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percentage
percentage
[名词]

a number or amount expressed as a fraction of 100

百分比

百分比

Ex: The company aims to reduce its carbon emissions by a significant percentage over the next five years. 
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symmetry
symmetry
[名词]

the quality of having two halves that are exactly the same, which are separated by an axis

对称

对称

Ex: Architects often use symmetry to create visually balanced buildings. 

建筑师经常使用对称来创建视觉上平衡的建筑物。

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coordinate
coordinate
[名词]

any set of numbers that represents an exact position on a map or graph

坐标, 地理坐标

坐标, 地理坐标

Ex: Plot the point at coordinates (3, -2) on the grid. 
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sum
sum
[名词]

the whole amount of numbers added together

总和, 总数

总和, 总数

Ex: The sum of the first ten prime numbers is 129. 
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calculation
calculation
[名词]

the process of using mathematics to determine a number, amount, or result

计算,  推算

计算, 推算

Ex: The engineer checked his calculations before approving the design. 
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multiple
multiple
[名词]

a number or quantity that can be divided exactly by another particular number

倍数

倍数

Ex: Twenty and thirty are both multiples of ten. 
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prime number
prime number
[名词]

a number greater than 1 with only two devisors which can be itself or 1

质数

质数

Ex: Cryptography relies on the properties of prime numbers for secure encryption. 

密码学依赖于素数的特性进行安全加密。

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composite number

a positive number that is the multiple of two or more numbers except for 1 and the number itself

合数, 非质数

合数, 非质数

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addition
addition
[名词]

the calculation of the total of two or more numbers added together

加法, 总和

加法, 总和

Ex: Addition can be done using a calculator or by writing numbers on paper. 
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subtraction
subtraction
[名词]

the mathematical process of finding the difference between two numbers, quantities, or expressions

减法, 减去

减法, 减去

Ex: Using subtraction, she determined how many apples remained. 

使用减法,她确定了还剩下多少个苹果。

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multiplication

the process or action of adding a number to itself a specific number of times

乘法

乘法

Ex: The teacher explained that multiplication can be represented using the "×" symbol. 

老师解释说乘法可以用“×”符号表示。

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division
division
[名词]

the process of calculating how many times a number can contain another number

除法, 分割

除法, 分割

Ex: Students learn division to understand how to share items fairly. 
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probability
probability
[名词]

a mathematical measure of how likely an event is to occur, expressed as a number between zero and one

Ex: Students calculated the probability of drawing a red card. 
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variable
variable
[名词]

(mathematics) a quantity that is capable of assuming different values in a calculation

变量

变量

Ex: In statistical analysis, variables can be classified as independent or dependent, depending on their role in the study. 
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