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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5) - Mathematics

Here, you will learn some English words related to Mathematics that are necessary for the Basic Academic IELTS exam.

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Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 5)
algebra
algebra
[noun]

a branch of mathematics in which abstract letters and symbols represent numbers in order to generalize the arithmetic

Ex: Many real-world problems can be solved using algebraic equations and formulas.
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arithmetic

a branch of mathematics that deals with addition, subtraction, multiplication, etc.

Ex: He struggled with arithmetic in elementary school but improved with extra practice.
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geometry
geometry
[noun]

the branch of mathematics that deals with the relation between the lines, angles and surfaces or the properties of the space

Ex: Ancient civilizations like the Greeks advanced the study of geometry.
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equation
equation
[noun]

(mathematics) a statement indicating the equality between two values

Ex: Economists analyze supply and demand equations to forecast market trends and price changes .
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fraction
fraction
[noun]

a number obtained by dividing one integer or rational number by another, typically written in the form a/b

Ex: In the recipe, use three-quarters (3/4) of a cup of sugar.
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decimal
decimal
[noun]

(mathematics) a number less than one, called a fraction, that is represented as a period followed by the number of tenths, hundredths, etc.

Ex: Understanding decimal places is essential when dealing with percentages and financial figures in business contexts.
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percentage

a number or amount expressed as a fraction of 100

Ex: The company aims to reduce its carbon emissions by a significant percentage over the next five years .
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symmetry
symmetry
[noun]

the quality of having two halves that are exactly the same, which are separated by an axis

Ex: The artist deliberately broke symmetry in the painting to evoke tension .
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coordinate

any set of numbers that represents an exact position on a map or graph

Ex: The drone was programmed to fly to specific coordinates.
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sum
sum
[noun]

the whole amount of numbers added together

Ex: The sum of the first ten prime numbers is 129 .
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calculation

the act of finding a number or amount using mathematics

Ex: Accurate calculations are essential for ensuring the success of scientific experiments .
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multiple
multiple
[noun]

a number that is the result of multiplying a given number by an integer

Ex: The teacher asked the students to list all the multiples of five .
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prime number

a number greater than 1 with only two devisors which can be itself or 1

Ex: The largest known prime number ( as of 2023 ) has over 24 million digits .
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composite number

a positive number that is the multiple of two or more numbers except for 1 and the number itself

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addition
addition
[noun]

the calculation of the total of two or more numbers added together

Ex: Children learn addition to understand how to count and solve problems .
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subtraction

the mathematical process of finding the difference between two numbers, quantities, or expressions

Ex: Mental subtraction can be faster with practice and estimation .
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multiplication

the process or action of adding a number to itself a specific number of times

Ex: Multiplication is one of the four basic operations in math , along with addition , subtraction , and division .
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division
division
[noun]

the process of calculating how many times a number can contain another number

Ex: A division problem can be represented using the " ÷ " symbol or a slash ( / ) symbol .
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probability

(mathematics) a number representing the chances of something specific happening

Ex: The probability of rolling a six on a fair die is one out of six .
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variable
variable
[noun]

(mathematics) a quantity that is capable of assuming different values in a calculation

Ex: In statistical analysis , variables can be classified as independent or dependent , depending on their role in the study .
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