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颜色和形状 - Three-Dimensional Shapes

阅读本课以学习一些三维形状的英文名称,例如“长方体”、“球体”和“圆柱体”。

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Words Related to Colors and Shapes
solid
solid
[名词]

(geometry) a shape that is not two-dimensional because it has height, width, and length

立体, 体积

立体, 体积

Ex: A cube is an example of a solid shape with six faces, all of which are squares. 
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cube
cube
[名词]

a three-dimensional figure made of six square or rectangular faces

立方体, 立方体

立方体, 立方体

Ex: The storage box was shaped like a cube. 
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cuboid
cuboid
[名词]

a three-dimensional geometric shape with six rectangular faces, resembling a box or a rectangular prism

长方体, 矩形棱柱

长方体, 矩形棱柱

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spheroid
spheroid
[名词]

(geometry) a round 3D shape like a ball that is slightly flattened at the top and bottom points

球体, 旋转椭球体

球体, 旋转椭球体

Ex: The Earth is not quite a sphere but is better described as an oblate spheroid flattened at the poles. 
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sphere
sphere
[名词]

(in geometry) a three-dimensional surface where all points are equidistant from a center

球体, 球面

球体, 球面

Ex: The planet was modeled as a sphere for calculations. 
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cone
cone
[名词]

(geometry) a three dimensional shape with a circular base that rises to a single point

圆锥, 几何圆锥

圆锥, 几何圆锥

Ex: The traffic cones were placed along the road to redirect vehicles during the construction work. 
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cylinder
cylinder
[名词]

(geometry) a solid or hollow shape with two circular bases at each end and straight parallel sides

圆柱体, 圆柱形

圆柱体, 圆柱形

Ex: The glass on the table was in the shape of a tall, slender cylinder. 
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ellipsoid
ellipsoid
[名词]

a three-dimensional shape similar to a stretched or compressed sphere

椭球体

椭球体

Ex: The Earth is often approximated as an oblate ellipsoid due to its slightly flattened shape at the poles. 
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hemisphere
hemisphere
[名词]

either half of a sphere

半球, 半球体

半球, 半球体

Ex: The sports arena's roof was designed in the shape of a hemisphere. 
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polyhedron
polyhedron
[名词]

a solid shape made of flat sides that fit together along their edges

多面体, 由平面组成的立体形状,沿其边缘贴合

多面体, 由平面组成的立体形状,沿其边缘贴合

Ex: The cube is a well-known example of a polyhedron, with six square faces. 
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trihedron
trihedron
[名词]

(geometry) a solid figure formed by three flat faces that intersect in a point

三面体, 由三个平面相交于一点形成的立体图形

三面体, 由三个平面相交于一点形成的立体图形

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tetrahedron
tetrahedron
[名词]

(geometry) a polyhedron with four flat sides, a triangular pyramid

四面体, 三角锥

四面体, 三角锥

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pentahedron
pentahedron
[名词]

(geometry) a solid figure with five flat faces

五面体, 有五个平面的立体图形

五面体, 有五个平面的立体图形

Ex: The student constructed a pentahedron for her geometry project using cardboard and tape. 
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hexahedron
hexahedron
[名词]

(geometry) a solid figure with six flat faces

六面体, 立方体

六面体, 立方体

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heptahedron
heptahedron
[名词]

a polyhedron with seven faces or sides

七面体, 有七个面的多面体

七面体, 有七个面的多面体

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octahedron
octahedron
[名词]

a geometric figure with eight triangular faces, twelve edges, and six vertices

八面体, 八面體

八面体, 八面體

Ex: The faces of an octahedron are all equilateral triangles, and each vertex is the meeting point of four triangles. 
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nonahedron
nonahedron
[名词]

a shape with nine flat sides that connect along their edges

九面体, 九边形

九面体, 九边形

Ex: The nonahedron has nine faces, eighteen edges, and twelve vertices. 
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decahedron
decahedron
[名词]

(geometry) a solid shape with ten flat faces

十面体, 有十个平面的立体形状

十面体, 有十个平面的立体形状

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dodecahedron
dodecahedron
[名词]

a three-dimensional figure with twelve regular pentagonal faces, thirty edges, and twenty vertices

十二面体, 具有十二个正五边形面的三维图形

十二面体, 具有十二个正五边形面的三维图形

Ex: The dodecahedron is a Platonic solid, meaning it has identical faces, edges, and angles. 
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icosahedron
icosahedron
[名词]

a three-dimensional figure with twenty equilateral triangle faces, thirty edges, and twelve vertices

二十面体, 具有二十个等边三角形面的三维图形

二十面体, 具有二十个等边三角形面的三维图形

Ex: The icosahedron is a Platonic solid, exhibiting symmetry and regularity in its faces, edges, and angles. 
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toroidal polyhedron

a three-dimensional shape that wraps around a torus or doughnut-like surface

环形多面体, 环绕环面或类似甜甜圈表面的三维形状

环形多面体, 环绕环面或类似甜甜圈表面的三维形状

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prism
prism
[名词]

(geometry) a solid figure with flat sides and two parallel ends of the same size and shape

棱镜

棱镜

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oblique prism

a three-dimensional shape that has a pair of parallel bases connected by rectangular faces, with the bases not being perpendicular to the sides

斜棱柱, 非直角棱柱

斜棱柱, 非直角棱柱

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right prism
right prism
[名词]

a three-dimensional shape that has a pair of parallel bases connected by rectangular faces, with the bases being perpendicular to the sides

直角棱镜, 矩形棱镜

直角棱镜, 矩形棱镜

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uniform prism

a three-dimensional shape that has two identical bases, and all sides are the same shape and size

均匀棱柱, 规则棱柱

均匀棱柱, 规则棱柱

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triangular prism

a three-dimensional shape with two triangular bases connected by three rectangular faces

三角棱镜, 三角形底面的棱镜

三角棱镜, 三角形底面的棱镜

Ex: The tent resembled a triangular prism with its sloping sides. 
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square prism
square prism
[名词]

a type of uniform prism that has square bases and rectangular faces that connect the bases

方形棱柱, 方形底棱柱

方形棱柱, 方形底棱柱

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pentagonal prism

a type of uniform prism that has pentagonal bases and rectangular faces that connect the bases

五角棱柱, 五边形棱柱

五角棱柱, 五边形棱柱

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hexagonal prism

a type of uniform prism that has hexagonal bases and rectangular faces that connect the bases

六角柱, 六角形底面的棱柱

六角柱, 六角形底面的棱柱

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rhombohedron
rhombohedron
[名词]

a three-dimensional geometric figure with six identical rhombus-shaped faces

菱面体, 一个菱面体

菱面体, 一个菱面体

Ex: A diamond is a natural example of a rhombohedron. 
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parallelepiped

a three-dimensional figure with six parallelogram faces, where each face is parallel to the opposite face

平行六面体, 长方体

平行六面体, 长方体

Ex: Some bricks are shaped like parallelepipeds, facilitating sturdy construction. 
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hyperboloid
hyperboloid
[名词]

a three-dimensional shape often seen in cooling towers, sculptures, or lampshades, known for its curved design

双曲面, 双曲面形状

双曲面, 双曲面形状

Ex: Some fancy lamps have shades shaped like a hyperboloid. 
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platonic solid

a 3D shape with identical, regular polygon faces and the same number of faces meeting at each corner

柏拉图立体, 正多面体

柏拉图立体, 正多面体

Ex: The cube, a platonic solid, has six equal square faces, symbolizing stability. 
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star polyhedron

a three-dimensional geometric shape composed of multiple intersecting polygons that form a star-like structure

星形多面体, 星状多面体

星形多面体, 星状多面体

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Kepler-Poinsot polyhedron

a type of regular polyhedron in geometry, which is formed by extending the faces of a regular convex polyhedron to create new faces or facets

开普勒-庞索多面体, 开普勒-庞索立体

开普勒-庞索多面体, 开普勒-庞索立体

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Szilassi polyhedron

a non-convex polyhedron in geometry that has an unusual property of having no faces that are triangles, despite being composed of triangular faces

西拉西多面体, 非凸西拉西多面体

西拉西多面体, 非凸西拉西多面体

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Csaszar polyhedron

a three-dimensional shape made up of 14 faces, 21 vertices, and 36 edges, with a symmetrical arrangement of polygons

恰萨尔多面体, 恰萨尔-多面体

恰萨尔多面体, 恰萨尔-多面体

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uniform polyhedron

a convex polyhedron in geometry that has regular polygons as its faces and is vertex-transitive

均匀多面体, 正凸多面体

均匀多面体, 正凸多面体

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Archimedean solid

a semi-regular convex polyhedron in geometry that has a combination of regular polygons as its faces, with identical vertices and edges, and is vertex-transitive

阿基米德立体, 阿基米德多面体

阿基米德立体, 阿基米德多面体

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snub dodecahedron

a non-convex Archimedean solid with icosahedral symmetry, consisting of 80 equilateral triangles and 12 regular pentagons

截角十二面体, 扭棱十二面体

截角十二面体, 扭棱十二面体

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pyramid
pyramid
[名词]

a solid with a polygonal base and triangular faces that meet at a single point

金字塔, 金字塔

金字塔, 金字塔

Ex: Students modeled a pyramid using cardboard. 
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triangular-based pyramid

a three-dimensional geometric shape with a triangular base and triangular faces that meet at a common vertex or apex point

三角锥, 四面体

三角锥, 四面体

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square pyramid

a three-dimensional geometric shape with a square base and four triangular faces that meet at a common vertex or apex point

四角锥, 方形金字塔

四角锥, 方形金字塔

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pentagonal pyramid

a three-dimensional geometric shape with a pentagonal base and five triangular faces that meet at a common vertex or apex point

五角锥, 五边形底面的锥体

五角锥, 五边形底面的锥体

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stellated dodecahedron

a three-dimensional geometric shape formed by extending the faces of a regular dodecahedron to create additional triangular faces or spikes

星形十二面体, 小星形十二面体

星形十二面体, 小星形十二面体

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torus
torus
[名词]

a solid shape resembling a donut or ring, made by spinning a circle around a line that does not cut through the circle

环面, 环

环面, 环

Ex: The handle of a coffee mug is shaped like a torus, providing a comfortable grip. 
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hexagonal pyramid

a three-dimensional geometric shape with a hexagonal base and triangular faces that meet at a common vertex

六角锥, 六角形底面的锥体

六角锥, 六角形底面的锥体

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heptagonal pyramid

a three-dimensional geometric shape with a heptagonal base and triangular faces that meet at a common vertex

七棱锥, 七边形底面的锥体

七棱锥, 七边形底面的锥体

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octagonal pyramid

a geometric shape consisting of an octagonal base and triangular faces that converge to a single point or vertex at the top

八棱锥, 八角锥

八棱锥, 八角锥

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