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Basic Sciences - Geometry & Trigonometry

Study terms related to shapes, dimensions, angles, measurements, spatial orientation, geometric properties, and relationships.

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Words Related to Basic Sciences
symmetric
symmetric
[Adjective]

having identical parts facing each other or around an axis

Ex: The symmetric design of the butterfly's wings showcased its beauty, with intricate patterns mirrored on either side. 
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asymmetric
asymmetric
[Adjective]

not having identical parts facing each other or around an axis

Ex: The asymmetric shape of the abstract sculpture challenged viewers' perceptions, with its irregular forms and angles. 
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coaxial
coaxial
[Adjective]

related to a configuration where two or more components share a common axis or same center point

Ex: The machine parts are aligned in a coaxial arrangement. 
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congruence

the state of being in agreement or harmony

Ex: There was a clear congruence between her words and actions. 
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congruent
congruent
[Adjective]

(in geometry) describing shapes of the same size and form

Ex: If you fold the paper along the crease, the two halves are congruent. 
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parabola
parabola
[noun]

(geometry) a symmetrical open curve that is similar to the path of an object thrown into the air passes till it falls back to earth

Ex: The path of a thrown ball forms a parabola. 
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parallel
parallel
[Adjective]

having an equal distance from each other at every point

Ex: The two lines on the graph are parallel, indicating no change in their relationship. 
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solid
solid
[noun]

(geometry) a shape that is not two-dimensional because it has height, width, and length

Ex: A cube is an example of a solid shape with six faces, all of which are squares. 
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square
square
[Adjective]

having four even sides and four right angles, forming a shape resembling a regular square

Ex: The square table sat neatly in the center of the room, its corners forming right angles. 
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horizontal
horizontal
[Adjective]

positioned across and parallel to the ground and not up or down

Ex: The table was adorned with horizontal stripes. 
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vertical
vertical
[Adjective]

positioned at a right angle to the horizon or ground, typically moving up or down

Ex: The skyscraper's vertical lines gave it a sleek and modern appearance. 
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arc
arc
[noun]

(geometry) a part of a circle, which is curved

Ex: In a circle, a minor arc is shorter than a major arc. 
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area
area
[noun]

the measurement of a piece of land or a flat surface

Ex: The area of a rectangle can be calculated by multiplying its length by its width. 
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circumference

(geometry) the length of the external boundary of a curved shape, especially a circle

Ex: The formula for finding the circumference of a sphere involves multiplying the diameter by π (pi). 
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perimeter
perimeter
[noun]

the total length of the external boundary of something

Ex: The geometry student calculated the perimeter of the rectangular garden to determine how much fencing would be needed. 
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volume
volume
[noun]

the amount of space that a substance or object takes or the amount of space inside an object

Ex: The volume of water in the glass was 250 milliliters. 
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breadth
breadth
[noun]

the distance between two sides of something

Ex: The breadth of the river made it impossible to cross without a bridge. 
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height
height
[noun]

the distance from the top to the bottom of something or someone

Ex: He checked the height of the doorway to make sure the furniture would fit through. 
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depth
depth
[noun]

the distance below the top surface of something

Ex: The depth of the ocean is immeasurable in some areas. 
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length
length
[noun]

the distance from one end to the other end of an object that shows how long it is

Ex: What is the length of the hallway? 
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diameter
diameter
[noun]

a straight line from one side of a round object, particularly a circle, passing through the center and joining the other side

Ex: The diameter of a circle is the longest distance between any two points on its circumference, passing through the center. 
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radius
radius
[noun]

the length of a straight line drawn from the center of a circle to any point on its outer boundary

Ex: The radius of a circle is half the length of its diameter, extending from the center to any point on the circumference. 
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angle
angle
[noun]

the space between two lines or surfaces that are joined, measured in degrees or radians

Ex: She used a protractor to measure the angle of the triangle accurately. 
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degree
degree
[noun]

a unit for measuring angles, shown by the symbol °

Ex: A degree is used to measure the size of angles in geometry. 
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right angle

an angle measuring exactly 90 degrees

Ex: To construct a square, each corner must form a perfect right angle. 
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acute angle

an angle that measures between 0 and 90 degrees, which is less than a right angle (90 degrees)

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obtuse angle

an angle that measures more than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees

Ex: In a triangle, an obtuse angle is one that is greater than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees. 
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reflex angle

an angle that measures greater than 180 degrees but less than 360 degrees

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straight angle

an angle that measures exactly 180 degrees, which is the same as a straight line

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exterior angle

(mathematics) the angle formed between one side of a polygon and the extension of an adjacent side

Ex: The exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the two opposite interior angles. 
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interior angle

an angle formed between two sides of a polygon that lies inside the shape

Ex: Each interior angle of a regular pentagon measures 108 degrees. 
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hypotenuse

the longest side of a right-angled triangle, opposite the right angle, and defined as the side opposite the right angle in a right-angled triangle

Ex: In a right-angled triangle with legs of length 3 and 4 units, the hypotenuse can be calculated using the Pythagorean theorem as √(3² + 4²) = 5. 
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