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Applied Science and Research - Power Engineering

Study terms related to electrical quantities, circuits, conductors, power transmission, grid systems, phases, substations, and protective equipment.

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Words Related to Applied Science and Research
electricity

a source of power used for lighting, heating, and operating machines

Ex: During the storm, we lost electricity for a few hours. 
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electric
electric
[Adjective]

relating to, produced by, or using electricity

Ex: The electric lights in the room flickered as the storm outside intensified. 
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amperage
amperage
[noun]

the measure of the intensity of an electric current, expressed in amperes

Ex: The high amperage of the circuit required thicker wiring to prevent overheating. 
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voltage
voltage
[noun]

total potential energy provided by a power source

Ex: This power outlet delivers 120V, but your device needs 240V. 
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wattage
wattage
[noun]

the amount of electrical power produced or used, calculated by multiplying voltage by current

Ex: The wattage of the heater determines how much heat it produces. 
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parallel circuit

a circuit where current splits into multiple paths and then recombines to complete the loop

Ex: In a parallel circuit, each lightbulb has its own direct path to the power source. 
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series circuit

an electrical circuit in which components are connected end-to-end along a single path

Ex: In a series circuit, the same current flows through every component. 
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short circuit

a failure in a circuit caused when the electricity flows in the wrong route due to wire damage or fault in the connections of wires

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conductor
conductor
[noun]

a substance that permits electricity to pass through or along it

Ex: Copper is widely used as a conductor in electrical wiring because of its excellent conductivity. 
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current
current
[noun]

a flow of electricity resulted from the movement of electrically charged particles in a direction

Ex: An alternating current is commonly used to power household appliances. 
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alternating current

an electric current that reverses direction periodically, typically used in power distribution systems due to its efficiency in long-distance transmission

Ex: ChatGPT Homes and businesses receive electrical power through alternating current supplied by the grid. 
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direct current

an electric current that flows in one direction steadily

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wire
wire
[noun]

a long and thin piece of metal that carries an electric current

Ex: The electrician installed new wire to ensure the lights functioned properly. 
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earth
earth
[noun]

a connection between an electrical device and a large conducting body, such as the earth (which is taken to be at zero voltage)

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ground
ground
[noun]

a connection between an electrical device and a large conducting body, such as the earth (which is taken to be at zero voltage)

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live wire
live wire
[noun]

a wire that carries electrical current and has the potential to cause electric shock or injury if touched

Ex: Be cautious when working near live wires to avoid electrical shocks. 
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solenoid
solenoid
[noun]

a coil of wire wrapped around a metal core that acts as a magnet when electric current flows through it

Ex: The solenoid in the car's starter pushes a gear to engage the engine. 
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to conduct

to allow heat or electricity be transmitted

Ex: Metals like copper and silver conduct electricity exceptionally well. 
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filament
filament
[noun]

a thin wire, usually made of tungsten, that glows white-hot when electricity passes through it

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cell
cell
[noun]

a device that produces electrical current through a chemical reaction

Ex: The flashlight requires two AA cells to function. 
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cable
cable
[noun]

a group of wires bundled together for transmitting electricity that is protected within a rubber case

Ex: The electrician installed a new cable to ensure a stable power supply to the building. 
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load
load
[noun]

the amount of electrical power delivered or produced by a generator or power plant at a given time

Ex: The generator's load increased sharply during peak hours. 
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phase
phase
[noun]

(electrical engineering) the angular position of a point in an alternating current cycle, measured from a reference point

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transmission line

a cable or conductor used to carry electrical signals, optical signals, or electric power

Ex: The transmission line carries electricity from the power plant to the city. 
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power grid

a network of high-voltage cables and equipment that delivers electricity across a large region

Ex: The power grid supplies electricity to millions of homes and businesses. 
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substation

a facility that transforms voltage levels and regulates electrical currents, typically situated in an electrical power distribution system

Ex: The power generated at the hydroelectric plant is transmitted to urban areas through a substation. 
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circuit breaker

a protective device that automatically interrupts the flow of electricity in an electrical circuit when it detects an overload, short circuit, or other electrical fault, thereby preventing damage to the circuit and reducing the risk of electrical hazards

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switchgear

(electrical engineering) a collection of devices like switches and circuit breakers that control and protect electrical equipment

Ex: The switchgear in the power plant shuts off faulty circuits to prevent damage. 
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busbar
busbar
[noun]

a solid strip or bar of conductive material that distributes electricity to multiple connected circuits

Ex: The busbar in the switchgear distributes power to all the outgoing feeders. 
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three-phase
three-phase
[Adjective]

(electrical engineering) using three alternating currents of the same voltage, each offset by one-third of a cycle

Ex: The factory installed a three-phase motor to run its heavy machinery. 
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single-phase
single-phase
[Adjective]

(electrical engineering) using a single alternating current for power distribution, commonly used in residential settings

Ex: Most household appliances run on single-phase power. 
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