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Applied Science and Research - Computer Hardware

Study terms related to computer components, storage, peripherals, networking equipment, data infrastructure, and wireless connectivity.

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Words Related to Applied Science and Research
hardware
hardware
[noun]

the physical and electronic parts of a computer or other similar system

Ex: The technician replaced the faulty hardware to fix the computer. 
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handheld
handheld
[Adjective]

having dimensions and a weight that holding and operating with one or both hands becomes possible

Ex: She used a handheld camera to capture the event. 
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keyboard
keyboard
[noun]

a series of keys on a board or touchscreen that we can press or tap to type on a computer, typewriter, smartphone, etc.

Ex: He pressed the keys on the keyboard to enter the password. 
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monitor
monitor
[noun]

a screen that shows information or images generated by a computer

Ex: I prefer a large monitor for graphic design work. 
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mouse
mouse
[noun]

a small, handheld device that we move across a flat surface to move the cursor on a computer screen

Ex: He scrolled down the webpage using the scroll wheel on the mouse. 
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printer
printer
[noun]

a machine, particularly one connected to a computer, that prints text or pictures onto paper

Ex: He loaded the paper tray of the printer with fresh sheets. 
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scanner
scanner
[noun]

a device that creates a digital copy of a document or photo and sends it to a computer

Ex: The office scanner was used to create electronic copies of important documents for easy sharing and storage. 
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notebook
notebook
[noun]

a small compact portable computer

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touchpad
touchpad
[noun]

a surface that one touches or drags one's finger on to operate a computer, program, or device

Ex: She used the touchpad to navigate the webpage. 
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touchscreen

a display by which the user can interact with a computer, smartphone, etc. by touching its surface

Ex: The phone has a responsive touchscreen for easy navigation. 
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webcam
webcam
[noun]

a camera connected to a computer that is used for recording or broadcasting videos of the user

Ex: The tech support agent asked the user to check their webcam to troubleshoot issues with the video call. 
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motherboard

(in electronic devices such as computers, etc.) the main printed circuit board that makes it possible for all the parts of a computer to communicate

Ex: If the motherboard breaks, the whole computer may stop working. 
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hard disk drive

a disk on which data is stored, either inside or outside a computer

Ex: The computer's hard disk drive is running out of space due to the large amount of data stored on it. 
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memory card

a small electronic storage device used to store digital data

Ex: I transferred the photos to my computer from the memory card. 
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graphics card

a piece of hardware that processes and renders images, video, and animations for display on a computer monitor

Ex: The graphics card is crucial for gaming and graphic design. 
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sound card

an internal computer expansion card that enables audio input and output for multimedia applications

Ex: He installed a new sound card to get higher-quality audio for his music production software. 
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processor
processor
[noun]

(computing) the part of a computer by which all programs work

Ex: The new computer featured a high-speed processor that significantly improved overall performance and multitasking capabilities. 
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microprocessor

a very small piece of electronic equipment in a computer programed to control all the functions of the CPU

Ex: The Intel Core i7 is a powerful microprocessor commonly found in high-end desktop computers. 
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multiprocessor

a computer with two or more processing units under integrated control

Ex: The multiprocessor handled the simulation in half the time. 
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cache
cache
[noun]

(computing) a type of computer memory in which information that is often in use can be stored temporarily, a cache can be accessed quickly and is needed while a program is running

Ex: The computer's cache helped speed up the program's performance. 
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flash drive

a small device used for storing data or transferring data between electronic devices

Ex: I transferred the presentation to a flash drive so that I could easily share it with my colleagues. 
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central processing unit

the part of a computer where operations are controlled and executed

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local area network

a network for communication between computers, usually within a building

Ex: A local area network (LAN) is a network that connects computers and devices within a limited geographical area, such as a home, office, or school. 
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wide area network

a computer network that connects devices across a large geographic area

Ex: The company uses a wide area network to link its offices across three continents. 
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random-access memory

a type of computer memory tasked with temporarily storing data for a quicker access

Ex: The new gaming laptop boasts 16GB of RAM for smooth multitasking and faster loading times. 
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read-only memory

a type of non-volatile memory in a computer or electronic device where data is permanently stored

Ex: Game cartridges for retro gaming consoles often contain ROM chips that store the game's code and data. 
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USB
USB
[noun]

the technology or system for connecting other devices to a computer

Ex: I transferred the files from my USB drive to my computer to back them up. 
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client
client
[noun]

a computer that connects to a network and accesses resources from a server

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data center

a large facility housing networked servers for storing and processing data

Ex: The company built a new data center to handle its growing cloud storage demands. 
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dongle
dongle
[noun]

a small hardware device that connects to a computer, smartphone, or other electronic device to provide additional functionality

Ex: The USB dongle plugged into the laptop enables wireless internet connectivity. 
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port
port
[noun]

a socket on a computer or other electronic device used to connect external devices such as a mouse, keyboard, etc.

Ex: The computer has several USB ports for connecting external devices. 
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wireless
wireless
[Adjective]

able to operate without wires

Ex: The wireless headphones allow you to move freely without being tethered to your device. 
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modem
modem
[noun]

an electronic device that uses telephone lines to send and receive data between two computers

Ex: The modem stopped working, so we lost internet access. 
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router
router
[noun]

an electronic device that connects computer networks and sends data between networks

Ex: The router distributes the internet connection to all devices in the home. 
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server
server
[noun]

a computer that gives other computers access to files and information in a network

Ex: The company's server stores all employee files and emails. 
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gadget
gadget
[noun]

a mechanical tool or an electronic device that is useful for doing something

Ex: John’s new kitchen gadget can chop vegetables in seconds, making meal prep much easier. 
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device
device
[noun]

a portable electronic gadet that can connect to the internet, such as a laptop, smartphone, etc.

Ex: She used her device to join the virtual meeting from a remote location. 
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