Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 8-9) - Pollution

Here, you will learn some English words related to Pollution that are necessary for the Academic IELTS exam.

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incinerator

[noun]

a waste treatment process that involves the combustion of substances contained in waste materials

Ex: The incinerator in the power plant contributes to electricity generation by burning coal and other combustible materials .

biohazard

[noun]

a risk to human health or to the environment caused by a biological source, especially microorganisms

Ex: Biohazard warning signs were posted around the contaminated area to alert people of the potential danger from biological sources .

sludge

[noun]

the semi-solid residue produced during sewage or wastewater treatment

Ex: The facility processes tons of sludge daily .

sewage

[noun]

the waste water and other liquid waste from homes, businesses, and factories, usually carried away through pipes and treated

Ex: Improper handling of sewage can lead to the spread of diseases .

effluent

[noun]

liquid waste or sewage discharged into rivers, lakes, or the sea

Ex: The effluent from agricultural fields , rich in fertilizers and pesticides , often finds its way into nearby streams , causing pollution and ecosystem imbalances .

soot

[noun]

a black powdery substance produced by burning materials like wood or coal

Ex: Historic buildings may undergo periodic cleaning to remove accumulated soot from their facades .

detritus

[noun]

waste or debris produced by the disintegration or decomposition of organic or inorganic matter

Ex: Cleanup efforts focused on removing detritus from the riverbanks to restore the natural habitat .

aerosol

[noun]

a suspension of fine solid or liquid particles dispersed in a gas

Ex: Aerosols from industrial emissions can travel long distances .

particulate

[noun]

a small, discrete particle or substance, especially one suspended in air, such as dust, pollen, or soot

Ex: The industrial process includes filters to trap particulates before releasing exhaust into the environment .

catalytic converter

[noun]

a device in a vehicle's exhaust system that reduces the emission of harmful pollutants by promoting chemical reactions that convert them into less harmful substances

Ex: Hybrid vehicles often use advanced catalytic converters to further minimize their environmental impact .

fallout

[noun]

airborne particles, such as dust or debris, that settle after a nuclear explosion or similar event

Ex: The military conducted studies on the behavior of fallout particles to better understand their dispersion .

hazmat suit

[noun]

a protective garment worn by workers to safeguard against exposure to hazardous substances or environments

Ex: Cleanup crews in hazmat suits worked diligently to decontaminate the site after the chemical spill , ensuring no traces of the hazardous material remained .

polyethylene terephthalate

[noun]

a durable and lightweight plastic widely used for making bottles and food containers due to its strength and recyclability

Ex: Polyethylene terephthalate can be identified by the number " 1 " in the recycling symbol , indicating that it is accepted by most curbside recycling programs .

unleaded

[Adjective]

not containing lead

Ex: Many countries have phased out leaded fuel in favor of unleaded.

asbestos

[noun]

a soft greyish substance that is resistant to fire and heat and was previously used in the buildings, clothing, etc.

Ex: Asbestos was once widely used for its fire-resistant properties , but its use has been largely banned due to serious health concerns .

Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 8-9)
War	Measurement	Emotions	Travel and Migration
Weather	Pollution	Disasters	Animals
Food and Drinks	Adverbs of Manner

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