Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 8-9) - Pollution

Here, you will learn some English words related to Pollution that are necessary for the Academic IELTS exam.

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incinerator

[noun]

a waste treatment process that involves the combustion of substances contained in waste materials

Ex: The city's waste management system includes an incinerator to efficiently dispose of non-recyclable materials.

biohazard

[noun]

a risk to human health or to the environment caused by a biological source, especially microorganisms

Ex: The research facility was shut down after an accidental release of a biohazard, posing a serious risk to public health.

sludge

[noun]

the semi-solid residue produced during sewage or wastewater treatment

Ex: The treatment plant removes sludge from the water before discharge.

sewage

[noun]

the waste water and other liquid waste from homes, businesses, and factories, usually carried away through pipes and treated

Ex: The city is upgrading its sewage system to prevent flooding.

effluent

[noun]

liquid waste or sewage discharged into rivers, lakes, or the sea

Ex: The factory was fined for discharging untreated effluent directly into the river, harming aquatic life and polluting the water.

soot

[noun]

a black powdery substance produced by burning materials like wood or coal

Ex: The old fireplace emitted a cloud of soot, leaving dark stains on the surrounding walls.

detritus

[noun]

waste or debris produced by the disintegration or decomposition of organic or inorganic matter

Ex: The forest floor was covered in detritus, including fallen leaves, twigs, and decaying plant matter.

aerosol

[noun]

a suspension of fine solid or liquid particles dispersed in a gas

Ex: Volcanic eruptions can release aerosols into the atmosphere.

particulate

[noun]

a small, discrete particle or substance, especially one suspended in air, such as dust, pollen, or soot

Ex: Air quality monitoring stations measure levels of particulate matter to assess pollution levels in urban areas.

catalytic converter

[noun]

a device in a vehicle's exhaust system that reduces the emission of harmful pollutants by promoting chemical reactions that convert them into less harmful substances

Ex: The catalytic converter plays a crucial role in reducing harmful emissions from automobiles by converting pollutants into less harmful compounds.

fallout

[noun]

airborne particles, such as dust or debris, that settle after a nuclear explosion or similar event

Ex: After the nuclear test, the fallout spread over a wide area, causing environmental contamination.

hazmat suit

[noun]

a protective garment worn by workers to safeguard against exposure to hazardous substances or environments

Ex: The emergency responders donned hazmat suits before entering the contaminated area to protect themselves from hazardous materials.

polyethylene terephthalate

[noun]

a durable and lightweight plastic widely used for making bottles and food containers due to its strength and recyclability

Ex: Polyethylene terephthalate, commonly known as PET, is widely used in the production of plastic bottles and food packaging due to its durability and clarity.

unleaded

[Adjective]

not containing lead

Ex: Most cars today run on unleaded gasoline.

asbestos

[noun]

a soft greyish substance that is resistant to fire and heat and was previously used in the buildings, clothing, etc.

Ex: The old building was closed for renovation when inspectors found asbestos in the insulation, posing a health risk to occupants.

Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 8-9)
War	Measurement	Emotions	Travel and Migration
Weather	Pollution	Disasters	Animals
Food and Drinks	Adverbs of Manner

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