آیلتس آکادمیک (باند 6-7) - Research

an alphabetical list of subjects, names, etc. along with the page numbers each of them occurs, coming at the end of a book

نمایه, فهرست موضوعات و واژه‌های مهم

a list of books and articles used by an author to support or reference their written work

فهرست کتب

a detailed plan outlining the objectives, methodology, and significance of a planned study or project

پیشنهاد, طرح

scientific study or research conducted in the real world and not in a laboratory or class

کار میدانی

an explanation based on limited facts and evidence that is not yet proved to be true

فرضیه

a comprehensive summary and evaluation of existing research on a particular topic

بررسی ادبیات, مرور ادبیات

a factor or condition that is deliberately changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the outcome

متغیر تجربی, عامل تجربی

the repetition of a scientific study to confirm or challenge its results

تکرار, نسخه‌برداری

a selection of theories and ideas that explain how a particular school, subject, or discipline is generally understood

الگوواره, چارچوب، روش

the process of creating new knowledge or understanding by integrating existing information

ترکیب, ترکیب داده‌ها

the assurance that sensitive information will not be divulged without proper consent

محرمانگی, سری بودن

a line or sentence taken from a book or speech

نقل‌ قول

a statement that someone presents as a topic to be argued or examined

فرض

a long piece of writing on a particular subject that a university student presents in order to get an advanced degree

رساله (دکترا), تز

a very harsh and thorough examination or analysis

ویدئیدن زنده, تحلیل دقیق

the intentional misrepresentation or alteration of data or findings

تحریف, فریب

a statistical hypothesis that assumes no difference or effect

فرض صفر, فرض عدم وجود اثر