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Bokabularyo para sa IELTS Academic (Score 6-7) - Pananaliksik

Dito, matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles na may kaugnayan sa Pananaliksik na kinakailangan para sa Academic IELTS exam.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
index
index
[Pangngalan]

an alphabetical listing of topics, names, or terms with references to their locations, typically in a book or document

indeks, talaan ng nilalaman

indeks, talaan ng nilalaman

Ex: The index contained page numbers for key terms. 
bibliography
bibliography
[Pangngalan]

a list of books and articles used by an author to support or reference their written work

bibliograpiya, listahan ng sanggunian

bibliograpiya, listahan ng sanggunian

Ex: The research paper included a detailed bibliography at the end. 

Ang papel ng pananaliksik ay may kasamang detalyadong bibliography sa dulo.

proposal
proposal
[Pangngalan]

something suggested or put forward for consideration, such as an idea, plan, or assumption

panukala, mungkahi

panukala, mungkahi

Ex: They considered the proposal and offered feedback. 
fieldwork
fieldwork
[Pangngalan]

scientific study or research conducted in the real world and not in a laboratory or class

trabaho sa larangan, pananaliksik sa larangan

trabaho sa larangan, pananaliksik sa larangan

hypothesis
hypothesis
[Pangngalan]

a proposed explanation for a situation or set of facts that has not yet been proved

Ex: One hypothesis is that the decline was caused by changing consumer habits. 
literature review
literature review
[Pangngalan]

a comprehensive summary and evaluation of existing research on a particular topic

pagsusuri ng literatura, rebisyon ng literatura

pagsusuri ng literatura, rebisyon ng literatura

experimental variable

a factor or condition that is deliberately changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the outcome

eksperimental na variable, eksperimental na factor

eksperimental na variable, eksperimental na factor

Ex: In the plant growth experiment, the amount of sunlight was the experimental variable, varying to observe its impact on plant development. 

Sa eksperimento sa paglago ng halaman, ang dami ng sikat ng araw ay ang eksperimental na variable, na nag-iiba upang obserbahan ang epekto nito sa pag-unlad ng halaman.

replication
replication
[Pangngalan]

the repetition of a scientific study to confirm or challenge its results

pag-uulit

pag-uulit

Ex: Scientists emphasize the importance of replication in research to ensure the reliability and validity of experimental findings. 

Binibigyang-diin ng mga siyentipiko ang kahalagahan ng pag-uulit sa pananaliksik upang matiyak ang pagiging maaasahan at bisa ng mga eksperimental na resulta.

paradigm
paradigm
[Pangngalan]

a selection of theories and ideas that explain how a particular school, subject, or discipline is generally understood

paradaym, modelo

paradaym, modelo

Ex: The new research shifted the paradigm of how we understand climate change. 

Ang bagong pananaliksik ay nagbago ng paradigm kung paano natin nauunawaan ang pagbabago ng klima.

synthesis
synthesis
[Pangngalan]

the process of combining different ideas, information, or elements into a coherent whole

sintesis

sintesis

Ex: The report is based on a synthesis of findings from several studies. 
confidentiality
confidentiality
[Pangngalan]

the assurance that sensitive information will not be divulged without proper consent

pagiging lihim, lihim na propesyonal

pagiging lihim, lihim na propesyonal

Ex: In the medical field, patient confidentiality is paramount to protect sensitive health information. 

Sa larangan ng medisina, ang pagiging kompidensiyal ng pasyente ay napakahalaga upang maprotektahan ang sensitibong impormasyon sa kalusugan.

citation
citation
[Pangngalan]

a line or sentence taken from a book or speech

sipi, sanggunian

sipi, sanggunian

Ex: In academic writing, it is essential to provide proper citations for all sources used. 

Sa akademikong pagsulat, mahalaga na magbigay ng tamang sipi para sa lahat ng ginamit na pinagmulan.

thesis
thesis
[Pangngalan]

the main idea, opinion, or theory that someone presents and supports with arguments

tesis,  pangunahing tesis

tesis, pangunahing tesis

Ex: The author develops his thesis throughout the book. 
dissertation
dissertation
[Pangngalan]

a long piece of academic writing on a particular subject, especially one submitted for an advanced university degree

disertasyon,  tesis

disertasyon, tesis

Ex: Emma is writing a dissertation on climate policy. 
vivisection
vivisection
[Pangngalan]

a very harsh and thorough examination or analysis

viviseksiyon, masusing at walang awang pagsusuri o analisis

viviseksiyon, masusing at walang awang pagsusuri o analisis

Ex: Her vivisection of the novel's characters revealed their deep-seated flaws and contradictions. 

Ang kanyang vivisection ng mga karakter ng nobela ay nagbunyag ng kanilang malalim na mga depekto at kontradiksyon.

falsification
falsification
[Pangngalan]

the act of proving that a statement or hypothesis is false

pagpapasinungaling,  pagtatatwa

pagpapasinungaling, pagtatatwa

Ex: The falsification of the hypothesis led to a new research direction. 
null hypothesis
null hypothesis
[Pangngalan]

a statistical hypothesis stating that there is no significant difference or effect

null hypothesis, null hypothesis

null hypothesis, null hypothesis

Ex: The null hypothesis assumes that the treatment has no effect on patients. 
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