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IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア6-7) - 研究

ここでは、アカデミックIELTS試験に必要な研究に関連するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
index
index
[名詞]

an alphabetical listing of topics, names, or terms with references to their locations, typically in a book or document

索引, 目次

索引, 目次

Ex: An index at the back of the textbook makes research easier. 
bibliography
bibliography
[名詞]

a list of books and articles used by an author to support or reference their written work

参考文献リスト, 書誌

参考文献リスト, 書誌

Ex: The research paper included a detailed bibliography at the end. 

研究論文の最後には詳細な参考文献リストが含まれていました。

proposal
proposal
[名詞]

something suggested or put forward for consideration, such as an idea, plan, or assumption

提案, アイデア

提案, アイデア

Ex: His proposal to change the schedule caused debate. 
fieldwork
fieldwork
[名詞]

scientific study or research conducted in the real world and not in a laboratory or class

フィールドワーク, 現地調査

フィールドワーク, 現地調査

hypothesis
hypothesis
[名詞]

a proposed explanation for a situation or set of facts that has not yet been proved

仮説,  仮定

仮説, 仮定

Ex: One hypothesis is that the decline was caused by changing consumer habits. 
literature review

a comprehensive summary and evaluation of existing research on a particular topic

文献レビュー, 文献調査

文献レビュー, 文献調査

experimental variable

a factor or condition that is deliberately changed in an experiment to observe its effect on the outcome

実験変数, 実験因子

実験変数, 実験因子

Ex: In the plant growth experiment, the amount of sunlight was the experimental variable, varying to observe its impact on plant development. 

植物の成長実験では、日光の量が実験変数であり、植物の発育への影響を観察するために変化させました。

replication
replication
[名詞]

the repetition of a scientific study to confirm or challenge its results

複製

複製

Ex: Scientists emphasize the importance of replication in research to ensure the reliability and validity of experimental findings. 

科学者たちは、実験結果の信頼性と妥当性を確保するために、研究における再現の重要性を強調しています。

paradigm
paradigm
[名詞]

a selection of theories and ideas that explain how a particular school, subject, or discipline is generally understood

パラダイム, モデル

パラダイム, モデル

Ex: The new research shifted the paradigm of how we understand climate change. 

新しい研究は、気候変動をどのように理解するかについてのパラダイムを変えました。

synthesis
synthesis
[名詞]

the process of combining different ideas, information, or elements into a coherent whole

統合

統合

Ex: The report is based on a synthesis of findings from several studies. 
confidentiality

the assurance that sensitive information will not be divulged without proper consent

機密性, 職業上の秘密

機密性, 職業上の秘密

Ex: In the medical field, patient confidentiality is paramount to protect sensitive health information. 

医療分野では、患者の機密性が敏感な健康情報を保護するために最も重要です。

citation
citation
[名詞]

a line or sentence taken from a book or speech

引用, 参照

引用, 参照

Ex: In academic writing, it is essential to provide proper citations for all sources used. 

学術的な文章では、使用したすべての情報源に適切な引用を提供することが不可欠です。

thesis
thesis
[名詞]

the main idea, opinion, or theory that someone presents and supports with arguments

Ex: The author develops his thesis throughout the book. 
dissertation
dissertation
[名詞]

a long piece of academic writing on a particular subject, especially one submitted for an advanced university degree

学位論文,  博士論文

学位論文, 博士論文

Ex: Emma is writing a dissertation on climate policy. 
vivisection
vivisection
[名詞]

a very harsh and thorough examination or analysis

生体解剖, 非常に厳しく徹底的な検査または分析

生体解剖, 非常に厳しく徹底的な検査または分析

Ex: The film critic's vivisection of the movie's plot exposed its numerous inconsistencies and plot holes. 

批評家による映画のプロットの生体解剖は、その多くの矛盾やプロットホールを暴露した。

falsification

the act of proving that a statement or hypothesis is false

反証,  反駁

反証, 反駁

Ex: The falsification of the hypothesis led to a new research direction. 
null hypothesis

a statistical hypothesis stating that there is no significant difference or effect

帰無仮説, 帰無仮説

帰無仮説, 帰無仮説

Ex: The null hypothesis assumes that the treatment has no effect on patients. 
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