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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Pagkalito at Kalabuan

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
bedlam
[Pangngalan]

a noisy and disorderly situation where there is extreme confusion and lack of control

kaguluhan, gulo

kaguluhan, gulo

crabbed
[pang-uri]

difficult to read or understand

hindi mabasa, mahirap unawain

hindi mabasa, mahirap unawain

Ex: His crabbed explanations left the audience more confused than enlightened.Ang kanyang **mahirap unawain** na mga paliwanag ay nag-iwan sa madla na mas nalito kaysa naliwanagan.

with no clear explanation or purpose

Ex: Critics claimed the plot developed without rhyme or reason, making the story hard to follow.
garbled
[pang-uri]

mixed up or distorted, often making it difficult to understand the original meaning or message

magulo, nalilito

magulo, nalilito

Ex: The report came through garbled, with sections of text missing or unclear.Ang ulat ay dumating na **magulo**, may mga bahagi ng teksto na nawawala o hindi malinaw.
quandary
[Pangngalan]

a state of uncertainty about what decision to make in a challenging situation

dilema, pagkakagipit

dilema, pagkakagipit

Ex: I 'm in a quandary — both options seem equally risky .Nasa isang **pagkakagulo** ako — parehong mukhang mapanganib ang mga opsyon.
latent
[pang-uri]

present but not yet visible or fully developed

nakatago, latente

nakatago, latente

Ex: The innovation tapped into a latent demand in the market .Ang inobasyon ay sumaling sa isang **nakatagong** pangangailangan sa merkado.
nondescript
[pang-uri]

lacking in the qualities that make something or someone stand out or appear special, often appearing plain or ordinary

karaniwan, hindi kapansin-pansin

karaniwan, hindi kapansin-pansin

Ex: The book ’s cover was so nondescript that I almost overlooked it .Ang pabalat ng libro ay **walang kakaiba** kaya halos hindi ko ito napansin.

true in a way that leaves no room for denial or disagreement

hindi matututulan, hindi mapasusubalian

hindi matututulan, hindi mapasusubalian

Ex: The scientist presented incontrovertible data that confirmed the experiment 's results .Ang siyentipiko ay nagpresenta ng **hindi matututulan** na datos na nagkumpirma sa mga resulta ng eksperimento.
manifest
[pang-uri]

easily perceived or understood

halata, maliwanag

halata, maliwanag

Ex: His intentions were manifest, leaving no doubt about his commitment to the project .Ang kanyang mga hangarin ay **maliwanag**, na walang pag-aalinlangan sa kanyang pangako sa proyekto.
overt
[pang-uri]

open, obvious, and easily observable, without concealment or secrecy

lantad, halata

lantad, halata

Ex: The teacher 's overt praise for her students ' hard work encouraged them to continue striving for excellence .Ang **hayagang** papuri ng guro sa pagsusumikap ng kanyang mga estudyante ay nag-udyok sa kanila na patuloy na magsikap para sa kahusayan.
abstruse
[pang-uri]

difficult to understand due to being complex or obscure

mahiwaga, masalimuot

mahiwaga, masalimuot

Ex: The philosopher's abstruse theories challenged conventional wisdom, pushing the boundaries of traditional thought.Ang **mahiwaga** na mga teorya ng pilosopo ay humamon sa kinaugaliang karunungan, na itinutulak ang mga hangganan ng tradisyonal na pag-iisip.
apocryphal
[pang-uri]

(of a statement or story) unlikely to be authentic, even though it is widely believed to be true

apokripo, kahina-hinala

apokripo, kahina-hinala

Ex: The apocryphal nature of the urban legend became clear when researchers debunked it .Ang **apokripal** na katangian ng alamat sa lungsod ay naging malinaw nang ito'y pinabulaanan ng mga mananaliksik.
to addle
[Pandiwa]

to make someone unable to think clearly

lituhin, guluhin ang isip

lituhin, guluhin ang isip

Ex: She was so addled by the unexpected question that she couldn't respond.Siya ay napaka **nalilito** ng hindi inaasahang tanong kaya hindi siya nakasagot.
to befuddle
[Pandiwa]

to muddle someone's thinking, making it difficult to concentrate or reason

lituhin, ligaligin

lituhin, ligaligin

Ex: Stress can befuddle your ability to make decisions .Ang stress ay maaaring **malito** ang iyong kakayahang gumawa ng mga desisyon.
bemused
[pang-uri]

showing confusion, often mixed with mild amusement or curiosity

nalilito, naguguluhan

nalilito, naguguluhan

Ex: The professor looked bemused when a student asked an unrelated question in the middle of the lecture.Mukhang **nalilito** ang propesor nang magtanong ang isang estudyante ng walang kaugnayang tanong sa gitna ng lektura.
to confound
[Pandiwa]

to confuse someone, making it difficult for them to understand or think clearly

lituhin, guluhin

lituhin, guluhin

Ex: The unfamiliar technology confounded the elderly couple , leaving them unable to use their new device .Ang hindi pamilyar na teknolohiya ay **naguluhan** ang matandang mag-asawa, na nag-iwan sa kanila na hindi magamit ang kanilang bagong device.
esoteric
[pang-uri]

intended for or understood by only a small, specialized group, often due to complexity

esoteriko, misteryoso

esoteriko, misteryoso

Ex: The discussion became esoteric, delving into topics that only experts could fully grasp .Ang talakayan ay naging **esoteric**, pagtungo sa mga paksa na tanging mga eksperto lamang ang lubos na mauunawaan.
hieroglyphic
[Pangngalan]

hard-to-read writing that resembles ancient picture script in its complexity or obscurity

hiyeroipiko, sulat hiyeroipiko

hiyeroipiko, sulat hiyeroipiko

Ex: His handwriting was so bad it might as well have been hieroglyphics.Ang kanyang sulat-kamay ay napakasama na maaari na itong maging **hieroglyphic**.
imbroglio
[Pangngalan]

a complicated situation involving political or interpersonal conflict

magulong sitwasyon, alitan

magulong sitwasyon, alitan

Ex: The film depicts the imbroglio of a family caught in a web of secrets and lies .Ang krisis sa pamumuno ng kumpanya ay naging isang pampublikong **imbroglio**.
indeterminate
[pang-uri]

not known, measured, or specified precisely

hindi tiyak, hindi tumpak

hindi tiyak, hindi tumpak

Ex: Her plans for the summer were still indeterminate, as she was waiting for confirmation on several options .Ang kanyang mga plano para sa tag-araw ay **hindi pa tiyak**, dahil naghihintay siya ng kumpirmasyon sa ilang mga opsyon.
nonplussed
[pang-uri]

completely confused or unsure about what to think or say

nalilito, naguguluhan

nalilito, naguguluhan

Ex: The magician's trick left the audience nonplussed.Ang trick ng salamangkero ay nag-iwan sa madla na **nagulumihanan**.
recondite
[pang-uri]

difficult to understand or obscure to most people due to its complexity

mahiwaga, hindi madaling unawain

mahiwaga, hindi madaling unawain

Ex: The recondite language of the legal document made it challenging for the layperson to grasp its implications without a lawyer's help.Ang **mahiwaga** na wika ng legal na dokumento ay naging mahirap para sa karaniwang tao na maunawaan ang mga implikasyon nito nang walang tulong ng isang abogado.
turbid
[pang-uri]

(of liquids) lacking in clarity for being mixed by other things such as sand or soil

malabo, maputik

malabo, maputik

Ex: Turbid liquids can often harbor microorganisms that are not visible to the naked eye .Ang mga **malabong** likido ay maaaring maglaman ng mga mikroorganismo na hindi nakikita ng mata.
nebulous
[pang-uri]

vague and unclear, often used to describe ideas, concepts, or situations that are indistinct or hard to understand

malabo, hindi malinaw

malabo, hindi malinaw

Ex: The concept of justice can be nebulous, varying greatly between cultures .Ang konsepto ng katarungan ay maaaring **malabo**, na nag-iiba nang malaki sa pagitan ng mga kultura.
inscrutable
[pang-uri]

extremely difficult or seemingly impossible to understand or interpret due to its unclear intent or cause

hindi maintindihan, mahiwaga

hindi maintindihan, mahiwaga

Ex: Researchers struggled for decades to decipher the inscrutable code behind the encrypted enemy communications .Ang mga mananaliksik ay nagpakahirap sa loob ng mga dekada upang maintindihan ang **hindi maintindihan** na code sa likod ng naka-encrypt na komunikasyon ng kaaway.

to interpret or understand something incorrectly

maling intindi, mali ang pagkaunawa

maling intindi, mali ang pagkaunawa

Ex: It 's easy to misconstrue text messages , as tone and nuance can be challenging to convey .Madaling **maling intindihin** ang mga text message, dahil ang tono at nuance ay maaaring mahirap iparating.
Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
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