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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Pagpapahina at Paghina

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Simulan ang pag-aaral
Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
to abate
[Pandiwa]

to lessen the power or intensity of something

bawasan, pahinain

bawasan, pahinain

Ex: Implementing safety measures will help abate the risks associated with the new technology .Ang pagpapatupad ng mga hakbang sa kaligtasan ay makakatulong sa **pagbawas** ng mga panganib na kaugnay ng bagong teknolohiya.
abortive
[pang-uri]

failing to produce or accomplish the desired outcome

bigo, di-nagtagumpay

bigo, di-nagtagumpay

Ex: The expedition was cut short due to an abortive attempt to climb the mountain , resulting in several injuries .Ang ekspedisyon ay pinaikli dahil sa isang **bigong** pagtatangka na umakyat sa bundok, na nagresulta sa maraming sugat.
to abridge
[Pandiwa]

to decrease, reduce, or restrict something, often by cutting down its size, duration, or range

bawasan, limitahan

bawasan, limitahan

Ex: The editor abridged the speech for a younger audience , condensing the content to ensure it was easily understood .**Pinaikli** ng editor ang talumpati para sa isang mas batang madla, pinagsama-sama ang nilalaman upang matiyak na madaling maunawaan.
to attenuate
[Pandiwa]

to gradually decrease in strength, value, or intensity

pahinain, unti-unting bawasan

pahinain, unti-unting bawasan

Ex: Without proper maintenance , the performance of the machine will attenuate.Kung walang tamang pag-aalaga, ang pagganap ng makina ay **maghihina**.
attrition
[Pangngalan]

the gradual erosion or smoothing of surfaces, rocks, or objects caused by continuous rubbing, scraping, or collision, either naturally or artificially

pagkupas, pagguho

pagkupas, pagguho

Ex: Engineers tested the material 's resistance to attrition under heavy use .Sinubukan ng mga inhinyero ang paglaban ng materyal sa **pagkasira** sa ilalim ng mabigat na paggamit.
dearth
[Pangngalan]

a lack of enough items, resources, or people to meet a need

kakulangan, kasalatan

kakulangan, kasalatan

Ex: Scientists complain about a dearth of funding for long-term research .Nagrereklamo ang mga siyentipiko tungkol sa **kakulangan** ng pondo para sa pangmatagalang pananaliksik.
defunct
[pang-uri]

no longer in use, operation, or existence

wala nang gumagana, itinigil na

wala nang gumagana, itinigil na

Ex: We had to discard the defunct printer as it was beyond repair and no longer functional .Kailangan naming itapon ang **sirang** printer dahil hindi na ito maaayos at hindi na gumagana.
desuetude
[Pangngalan]

the state of disuse or neglect, often resulting in the abandonment or cessation of a practice, custom, or law

pagkawala ng paggamit, pagpapabaya

pagkawala ng paggamit, pagpapabaya

Ex: In some jurisdictions , laws that have fallen into desuetude may still remain on the books but are no longer enforced or followed in practice .Sa ilang hurisdiksyon, ang mga batas na nalagay na sa **kawalan ng paggamit** ay maaaring manatili sa mga libro ngunit hindi na ipinatutupad o sinusunod sa pagsasagawa.
dissolution
[Pangngalan]

the act or process of separating a whole into its individual components or elements

paglulusaw, pagkakawatak-watak

paglulusaw, pagkakawatak-watak

detraction
[Pangngalan]

the act of taking away a part from a whole

pagbabawas, pagkaltas

pagbabawas, pagkaltas

Ex: The detraction from the total score was unexpected.Ang **pagbabawas** mula sa kabuuang iskor ay hindi inaasahan.
to enervate
[Pandiwa]

to cause someone to lose physical or mental energy or strength

panghina, pawalang-lakas

panghina, pawalang-lakas

Ex: The constant stress at work began to enervate her , affecting both her physical and mental health .Ang patuloy na stress sa trabaho ay nagsimulang **magpahina** (meaning "to cause someone to lose physical or mental energy or strength") sa kanya, na nakakaapekto sa parehong kanyang pisikal at mental na kalusugan.
to flag
[Pandiwa]

to lose energy, strength, and enthusiasm

manghina, magpahina

manghina, magpahina

Ex: Without regular breaks , employees ' productivity tends to flag during long workdays .Kung walang regular na pahinga, ang produktibidad ng mga empleyado ay may tendensyang **bumaba** sa mahabang araw ng trabaho.
to founder
[Pandiwa]

to experience total failure or collapse, especially for a plan, business, or project

mabigo nang lubusan, gumuhò

mabigo nang lubusan, gumuhò

paucity
[Pangngalan]

a lacking amount or number of something

kakulangan, kakauntian

kakulangan, kakauntian

Ex: The paucity of information in the report led to numerous questions from the board .Ang **kakulangan** ng impormasyon sa ulat ay nagdulot ng maraming tanong mula sa lupon.
to stultify
[Pandiwa]

to make someone or something worthless or ineffective

gawing walang halaga o hindi epektibo ang isang tao o bagay, pawalang-bisa

gawing walang halaga o hindi epektibo ang isang tao o bagay, pawalang-bisa

Ex: The poorly written report stultified the team ’s hard work .Ang masamang isinulat na ulat ay **nawalan ng saysay** ang pagsusumikap ng koponan.
to subside
[Pandiwa]

to decline in intensity or strength

humina, magbawas

humina, magbawas

Ex: The noise from the construction site has finally subsided after weeks of disturbance .Sa wakas ay **huminahon** ang ingay mula sa construction site pagkatapos ng ilang linggong pagkabagabag.
to debilitate
[Pandiwa]

to make someone or something weaker or less effective

pahinain, magpahina

pahinain, magpahina

Ex: Malnutrition can debilitate a child 's growth and development , leading to long-term health issues .Ang **malnutrisyon** ay maaaring magpahina sa paglaki at pag-unlad ng isang bata, na nagdudulot ng pangmatagalang mga isyu sa kalusugan.
attenuated
[pang-uri]

reduced in force or intensity, often implying a fading effect

pinalambot, bawasan

pinalambot, bawasan

Ex: The therapy aims to produce an attenuated version of the virus to stimulate the immune system .Ang therapy ay naglalayong makagawa ng isang **pinahinang** bersyon ng virus upang pasiglahin ang immune system.
moribund
[pang-uri]

approaching death

naghihingalo, malapit nang mamatay

naghihingalo, malapit nang mamatay

Ex: Despite efforts to revitalize it , the organization remained moribund.Sa hospice, maraming residente ang **naghihingalo**, tumatanggap ng palliative care.
to pall
[Pandiwa]

to lose attractiveness, freshness, or ability to excite

Ex: The party’s energy started to pall when the music repeated the same songs for hours.
to wane
[Pandiwa]

to gradually decrease in intensity, strength, importance, size, influence, etc.

humina, bumababa

humina, bumababa

Ex: The organization expects the controversy to wane as more information becomes available .Inaasahan ng organisasyon na **huhupa** ang kontrobersya habang mas maraming impormasyon ang nagiging available.
obsolescence
[Pangngalan]

the process of becoming no longer used or no longer effective

pagkaluma, pagkaantigo

pagkaluma, pagkaantigo

Ex: Manufacturers sometimes design products with planned obsolescence, ensuring consumers will need replacements or upgrades in the future .Ang planadong **pagkaluma** ay nagsisiguro na ang mga produkto ay napapalitan nang mas madalas kaysa sa kinakailangan.
Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
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