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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency) - Pagkilala at Pag-unawa

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Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
conjecture
[Pangngalan]

an idea that is based on guesswork and not facts

haka-haka, palagay

haka-haka, palagay

Ex: The author presented a conjecture about historical events in her latest book .Ang may-akda ay nagharap ng isang **haka-haka** tungkol sa mga pangyayari sa kasaysayan sa kanyang pinakabagong libro.
to construe
[Pandiwa]

to interpret a certain meaning from something

bigyang-kahulugan, unawain

bigyang-kahulugan, unawain

Ex: Scientists aim to construe the implications of experimental results to advance their understanding .Layunin ng mga siyentipiko na **bigyang-kahulugan** ang mga implikasyon ng mga resulta ng eksperimento upang mapaunlad ang kanilang pag-unawa.
contrivance
[Pangngalan]

the ability to invent or solve problems through clever thinking

katalinuhan, talino sa pag-imbento

katalinuhan, talino sa pag-imbento

to contrive
[Pandiwa]

to cleverly come up with an idea, theory, or plan using creative thinking

likhain, isipin

likhain, isipin

Ex: The engineer contrived a novel design for the product , optimizing its functionality .Ang inhinyero ay **nakaisip** ng isang bagong disenyo para sa produkto, na nag-optimize ng functionality nito.
to cogitate
[Pandiwa]

to think carefully about something

mag-isip nang mabuti, pagbulay-bulayin

mag-isip nang mabuti, pagbulay-bulayin

Ex: The author would often cogitate on the plot twists before finalizing the storyline .Madalas na **nag-iisip nang malalim** ang may-akda tungkol sa mga plot twist bago finalisin ang storyline.
cognizance
[Pangngalan]

awareness or understanding of something

kamalayan, pag-unawa

kamalayan, pag-unawa

Ex: The report shows clear cognizance of environmental concerns .Ang ulat ay nagpapakita ng malinaw na **kamalayan** sa mga alalahanin sa kapaligiran.
conversant
[pang-uri]

knowledgeable or experienced with something

sanay, may karanasan

sanay, may karanasan

Ex: The lawyer was conversant with all aspects of the case .Ang abogado ay **marunong** sa lahat ng aspeto ng kaso.
introspective
[pang-uri]

focusing on one's own thoughts, feelings, and experiences

mapagmasid sa sarili,  mapag-isip

mapagmasid sa sarili, mapag-isip

Ex: The artist ’s introspective approach is reflected in the deep , personal themes of his work .Ang **introspective** na paraan ng artista ay makikita sa malalim, personal na tema ng kanyang trabaho.
mnemonic
[pang-uri]

serving to aid memory by using patterns, associations, or devices that make recall easier

pantulong sa memorya, mnemoniko

pantulong sa memorya, mnemoniko

supposition
[Pangngalan]

an idea accepted as true without proof, often used as a basis for reasoning

palagay, haka-haka

palagay, haka-haka

Ex: They acted under the supposition that the meeting was canceled .Kumilos sila sa ilalim ng **palagay** na ang pulong ay nakansela.
syllogism
[Pangngalan]

a form of deductive reasoning consisting of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion that logically follows from them

silohismo, pangangatwirang silohismo

silohismo, pangangatwirang silohismo

tenet
[Pangngalan]

a fundamental belief or principle that is central to a system of thought, philosophy, or religion

prinsipyo, dogma

prinsipyo, dogma

Ex: The tenet of freedom of speech is a cornerstone of democratic societies , promoting open discourse and expression .Ang **prinsipyo** ng kalayaan sa pagsasalita ay isang batong-panulukan ng mga demokratikong lipunan, na nagtataguyod ng bukas na diskurso at pagpapahayag.
to infer
[Pandiwa]

to reach an opinion or decision based on available evidence and one's understanding of the matter

maghinuha, magpalagay

maghinuha, magpalagay

Ex: She infers the answer to the question by examining the available information .Siya ay **nagpapalagay** ng sagot sa tanong sa pamamagitan ng pagsusuri sa available na impormasyon.
ken
[Pangngalan]

the scope of what someone is aware of or is capable of grasping

kaalaman, pag-unawa

kaalaman, pag-unawa

premise
[Pangngalan]

a theory or statement that acts as the foundation of an argument

premis, postulado

premis, postulado

Ex: The legal case was built on the premise that the defendant had breached the contract intentionally .Ang kasong legal ay itinayo sa **premis** na sadyang nilabag ng nasasakdal ang kontrata.
to ruminate
[Pandiwa]

to think carefully and at length about something

mag-isip nang mabuti at matagal, magnilay nang malalim

mag-isip nang mabuti at matagal, magnilay nang malalim

Ex: After reading the novel , he took a moment to ruminate on its themes .Ang makata ay **nagmuni-muni** tungkol sa pag-ibig at pagkawala habang naglalakad nang mag-isa.
to perceive
[Pandiwa]

to become aware or conscious of something

maramdaman, matanto

maramdaman, matanto

Ex: Through the artist 's work , many perceived a deeper message about society 's values .Sa pamamagitan ng gawa ng artista, marami ang **nakaramdam** ng mas malalim na mensahe tungkol sa mga halaga ng lipunan.
to scrutinize
[Pandiwa]

to examine something closely and carefully in order to find errors

suriing mabuti, siyasating maigi

suriing mabuti, siyasating maigi

Ex: The customs officer scrutinized the passenger 's suitcase to ensure they were n't carrying any contraband .**Muling sinuri** ng opisyal ng customs ang maleta ng pasahero upang matiyak na wala silang dala na ipinagbabawal.
cerebration
[Pangngalan]

mental activity involving careful consideration or reasoning

gawaing-utak, pag-iisip

gawaing-utak, pag-iisip

Ex: The essay reflects deep cerebration on moral responsibility .Ang sanaysay ay sumasalamin sa malalim na **cerebration** tungkol sa moral na responsibilidad.
to disabuse
[Pandiwa]

to help a person rid themselves of their misconceptions

alisin ang maling akala, itama ang maling paniniwala

alisin ang maling akala, itama ang maling paniniwala

Ex: By providing clear evidence , she disabused her colleagues of the outdated practices .Sa pamamagitan ng pagbibigay ng malinaw na ebidensya, **tinanggal** niya ang maling paniniwala ng kanyang mga kasamahan sa mga lipas na gawi.
to plumb
[Pandiwa]

to explore or investigate something deeply and thoroughly, often to understand its full meaning or complexity

suriing mabuti, imbestigahang lubusan

suriing mabuti, imbestigahang lubusan

Ex: The documentary plumbed the dark history of the abandoned town .**Siniyasat nang malalim** ng dokumentaryo ang madilim na kasaysayan ng inabandonang bayan.
to peruse
[Pandiwa]

to consider or examine something while being very careful and attentive to detail

suriin, pag-aralang mabuti

suriin, pag-aralang mabuti

Ex: The lawyer perused the legal documents to ensure there were no discrepancies .**Tiningnan** ng abogado nang mabuti ang mga legal na dokumento upang matiyak na walang mga pagkakaiba.
to delve
[Pandiwa]

to search something to find or discover something

saliksikin, mag-imbestiga

saliksikin, mag-imbestiga

Ex: The archeologists recently delved into the excavation site to uncover ancient artifacts .Kamakailan lamang ay **nagsaliksik** ang mga arkeologo sa site ng paghuhukay upang matuklasan ang mga sinaunang artifact.
axiomatic
[pang-uri]

clearly true and requiring no explanation

halata, aksiyomatiko

halata, aksiyomatiko

to ferret out
[Pandiwa]

to actively and persistently search for and uncover a piece of information or a secret

tuklasin, ihayag

tuklasin, ihayag

Ex: The archaeologist , with unwavering determination , successfully ferreted out ancient relics buried deep within the excavation site .Ang arkeologo, na may matatag na determinasyon, ay matagumpay na **nahanap at inilabas** ang mga sinaunang relikya na nakabaon nang malalim sa lugar ng paghuhukay.
credence
[Pangngalan]

belief in the truth of something

kredibilidad, paniniwala

kredibilidad, paniniwala

Ex: Eyewitness accounts gave credence to the story in the news .Binigyan niya ng **paniniwala** ang tsismis nang hindi sinusuri ang mga katotohanan.
certitude
[Pangngalan]

the feeling of complete certainty

katiyakan

katiyakan

Ex: The leader acted with certitude, reassuring the team about the project 's future .Ang lider ay kumilos nang may **katiyakan**, pinapanatag ang koponan tungkol sa hinaharap ng proyekto.
reputed
[pang-uri]

considered to be a certain way, though not necessarily confirmed

kinikilala, iginagalang

kinikilala, iginagalang

to glean
[Pandiwa]

to carefully collect small amounts of information, facts, or knowledge over time from different sources

tipunin, kolektahin

tipunin, kolektahin

Ex: We were gleaning facts from old newspapers .Kami ay **nagtitipon** ng mga katotohanan mula sa mga lumang pahayagan.
minutiae
[Pangngalan]

small details that are easily overlooked

maliliit na detalye, detalyeng hindi gaanong napapansin

maliliit na detalye, detalyeng hindi gaanong napapansin

Ex: While proofreading , it 's crucial to pay attention to the minutiae of grammar and punctuation to ensure a polished and error-free document .Habang nagpruproofread, mahalagang bigyang-pansin ang **minutiae** ng gramatika at bantas upang matiyak ang isang pinuhin at walang kamaliang dokumento.
Cambridge English: CPE (C2 Proficiency)
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