pattern

Cambridge IELTS 18 - Akademiko - Test 3 - Pagbasa - Talata 3 (1)

Matuto ng bokabularyo mula sa unang bahagi ng Cambridge IELTS 18 Academic, Test 3 Reading Passage 3, kasama ang mga kapaki-pakinabang na salita at expression mula sa teksto.

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
scene
scene
[Pangngalan]

an incident or event, either real or imagined, that is depicted or described with specific details and context

eksena, larawan

eksena, larawan

Ex: The detective arrived at the crime scene to gather evidence. 

Ang detective ay dumating sa tagpuan ng krimen upang mangalap ng ebidensya.

case
case
[Pangngalan]

an example of a certain kind of situation

kaso, halimbawa

kaso, halimbawa

Ex: In the case of severe weather, the event will be postponed. 

Sa kaso ng malalang panahon, ang kaganapan ay ipagpapaliban.

extract
extract
[Pangngalan]

a short portion or segment taken from a larger work, such as a book, speech, or document

sipi, bahagi

sipi, bahagi

Ex: The book includes an extract from the author's early writings. 

Ang libro ay may kasamang sipi mula sa mga naunang sulat ng may-akda.

friendly
friendly
[pang-uri]

easy to understand or use

palakaibigan, madaling intindihin

palakaibigan, madaling intindihin

literacy
literacy
[Pangngalan]

the capability to read and write

literasi, kakayahang bumasa at sumulat

literasi, kakayahang bumasa at sumulat

Ex: The school’s new program focuses on enhancing early childhood literacy. 

Ang bagong programa ng paaralan ay nakatuon sa pagpapahusay ng literacy sa maagang pagkabata.

demand
demand
[Pangngalan]

a situation or requirement that necessitates relief or assistance

pangangailangan, kahilingan

pangangailangan, kahilingan

Ex: Economic crises generate demand for governmental support. 

Ang mga krisis pang-ekonomiya ay lumilikha ng pangangailangan para sa suporta ng gobyerno.

to identify
to identify
[Pandiwa]

to find or discover something by searching for its features, characteristics, or details

kilalanin, tukuyin

kilalanin, tukuyin

Ex: She identified the song as soon as it started playing. 

Nakilala niya ang kanta agad nang magsimula itong tugtugin.

tentative
tentative
[pang-uri]

hesitant, timid, and not having enough confidence

atubili, mahiyain

atubili, mahiyain

Ex: She gave a tentative smile, unsure if she was saying the right thing. 

Nagbigay siya ng isang alanganin na ngiti, hindi sigurado kung tama ang kanyang sinasabi.

plot
plot
[Pangngalan]

the events that are crucial to the formation and continuity of a story in a movie, play, novel, etc.

banghay, balangkas

banghay, balangkas

Ex: The plot of the novel kept readers on the edge of their seats with its unexpected twists. 

Ang banghay ng nobela ay nagpanatili sa mga mambabasa sa gilid ng kanilang mga upuan dahil sa mga hindi inaasahang pagbabago nito.

character development

the process by which a fictional character is portrayed and transformed throughout a story

pag-unlad ng karakter, ebolusyon ng karakter

pag-unlad ng karakter, ebolusyon ng karakter

statement
statement
[Pangngalan]

something that is expressed through things one says or writes

pahayag, salaysay

pahayag, salaysay

Ex: The teacher asked for a statement from each student on the topic. 

Hiniling ng guro ang isang pahayag mula sa bawat estudyante tungkol sa paksa.

textual
textual
[pang-uri]

relating to or concerning written or printed material

tekstuwal, may kaugnayan sa teksto

tekstuwal, may kaugnayan sa teksto

Ex: The textual analysis of the novel focused on themes of identity and belonging. 

Ang tekstwal na pagsusuri ng nobela ay nakatuon sa mga tema ng pagkakakilanlan at pagmamay-ari.

to wonder
to wonder
[Pandiwa]

to want to know about something particular

magtaka, mag-isip

magtaka, mag-isip

Ex: I often wonder what life would be like in a different time period. 

Madalas kong nagtataka kung ano ang magiging buhay sa ibang panahon.

to advocate
to advocate
[Pandiwa]

to publicly support or recommend something

taguyod, suportahan

taguyod, suportahan

Ex: The environmentalist passionately advocates for sustainable living practices. 

Ang environmentalist ay masigasig na nagtataguyod ng mga praktika ng sustainable living.

moderation
moderation
[Pangngalan]

the act or state of avoiding excess or extremes in thought, behavior, or action

katamtaman, pagpipigil

katamtaman, pagpipigil

Ex: The key to financial stability is practicing moderation in spending and saving. 

Ang susi sa katatagan sa pananalapi ay ang pagsasagawa ng katamtaman sa paggastos at pag-iipon.

passionate
passionate
[pang-uri]

having or displaying a strong love or enthusiasm for something

masigasig, apasionado

masigasig, apasionado

Ex: He is a passionate musician, practicing for hours every day to perfect his craft. 

Siya ay isang masigasig na musikero, nagsasanay ng ilang oras araw-araw upang perpeksyonin ang kanyang sining.

engagement
engagement
[Pangngalan]

the act of participating or being actively involved in something

pakikilahok, pagkakalakip

pakikilahok, pagkakalakip

Ex: The political leader's lifelong engagement with politics shaped his views. 

Ang habang-buhay na pakikipag-ugnayan ng lider politiko sa politika ang humubog sa kanyang mga pananaw.

gap
gap
[Pangngalan]

a difference, particularly an unwanted one, causing separation between two people, situations, or opinions

puwang, agwat

puwang, agwat

Ex: The gap in understanding between the two generations often leads to disagreements. 

Ang agwat sa pag-unawa sa pagitan ng dalawang henerasyon ay kadalasang humahantong sa mga hindi pagkakasundo.

virtue
virtue
[Pangngalan]

a positive moral quality or admirable trait in a person

birtud, katangian

birtud, katangian

Ex: Patience is often seen as a great virtue. 

Ang birtud ay madalas na nakikita bilang isang mahusay na katangian.

attainment
attainment
[Pangngalan]

the action or fact of achieving a goal or an aim

pagkamit, tagumpay

pagkamit, tagumpay

Ex: Her attainment of the highest academic honor was a result of years of hard work. 

Ang kanyang pagkamit ng pinakamataas na karangalan sa akademya ay resulta ng taon ng pagsusumikap.

macro
macro
[pang-uri]

very big or wide in scale or scope

macro, malawakan

macro, malawakan

Ex: The macro level of analysis provided insights into societal changes over time. 

Ang macro na antas ng pagsusuri ay nagbigay ng mga pananaw sa mga pagbabago sa lipunan sa paglipas ng panahon.

establishment
establishment
[Pangngalan]

a business, institution, or facility that operates from a particular place

establisyamento, negosyo

establisyamento, negosyo

Ex: The hotel is a five-star establishment near the city center. 

Ang hotel ay isang establisyamento na limang bituin malapit sa sentro ng lungsod.

academically
academically
[pang-abay]

with regard to formal education or scholarly activities

sa akademikong paraan, mula sa akademikong pananaw

sa akademikong paraan, mula sa akademikong pananaw

Ex: The professor addressed the topic academically, incorporating theories and academic literature into the lecture. 

Tinugunan ng propesor ang paksa nang akademiko, na isinasama ang mga teorya at akademikong literatura sa lektura.

selective
selective
[pang-uri]

very careful or meticulous in choosing only the best or most suitable options

pihikan,  maselan

pihikan, maselan

Ex: The company employs a selective approach to product development, focusing on innovations that meet specific market needs. 

Ang kumpanya ay gumagamit ng isang mapili na pamamaraan sa pagbuo ng produkto, na nakatuon sa mga inobasyon na tumutugon sa mga tiyak na pangangailangan ng merkado.

bright
bright
[pang-uri]

capable of thinking and learning in a good and quick way

matalino, maliwanag

matalino, maliwanag

Ex: The teacher recognized him as a bright student with a natural curiosity for learning. 

Kinilala siya ng guro bilang isang matalino na mag-aaral na may likas na pag-usisa sa pag-aaral.

comprehensive school

a British or Canadian secondary school that provides a broad curriculum to students of all abilities and backgrounds, without selecting based on academic ability

komprehensibong paaralan, paaralang sekundaryang komprehensibo

komprehensibong paaralan, paaralang sekundaryang komprehensibo

Ex: Students at the comprehensive school benefit from a diverse learning environment that accommodates varying abilities and interests. 

Ang mga estudyante sa komprehensibong paaralan ay nakikinabang sa isang magkakaibang kapaligiran sa pag-aaral na umaakma sa iba't ibang kakayahan at interes.

stream
stream
[Pangngalan]

a group of students who are taught together in the same class or classes, typically based on their academic ability or chosen subjects

pangkat ng antas, daloy

pangkat ng antas, daloy

Ex: The top stream consists of the most academically advanced students who excel in subjects like mathematics and science. 

Ang pinakamataas na antas ng grupo ay binubuo ng mga mag-aaral na pinaka-advanced sa akademiko na mahusay sa mga asignatura tulad ng matematika at agham.

intuitively
intuitively
[pang-abay]

in a way that is guided by natural understanding or instinct

sa intuitive, sa likas na pag-unawa

sa intuitive, sa likas na pag-unawa

Ex: She intuitively reached for his hand when the thunder cracked. 

Sa intuition niya ay hinawakan niya ang kamay niya nang kumulog.

appealing
appealing
[pang-uri]

pleasing and likely to arouse interest or desire

kaakit-akit, kawili-wili

kaakit-akit, kawili-wili

Ex: Despite her simple attire, there was something undeniably appealing about her natural beauty. 

Sa kabila ng kanyang simpleng kasuotan, may isang bagay na hindi matatanggi na kaakit-akit tungkol sa kanyang natural na kagandahan.

stakeholder
stakeholder
[Pangngalan]

an individual or group with an interest in the success of an organization, project, or initiative

may-katuturan, stakeholder

may-katuturan, stakeholder

analogy
analogy
[Pangngalan]

a comparison between two different things, done to explain the similarities between them

analohiya

analohiya

Ex: Emma employed the analogy of a river flowing downstream to illustrate the passage of time and the inevitability of change. 

Ginamit ni Emma ang analohiya ng isang ilog na dumadaloy pababa upang ilarawan ang paglipas ng oras at ang hindi maiiwasang pagbabago.

to [take] the lead

to become the person in charge or the main person guiding others

Ex: She took the lead during the emergency. 
brisk
brisk
[pang-uri]

quick and energetic in movement or action

mabilis, masigla

mabilis, masigla

Ex: He engaged in brisk exercise every morning to start his day with energy. 

Nakibahagi siya sa mabilis na ehersisyo tuwing umaga upang simulan ang kanyang araw nang may enerhiya.

pace
pace
[Pangngalan]

a person's speed when walking, moving, or running

bilis, tulin

bilis, tulin

Ex: She adjusted her walking pace to match that of her companion during their hike. 

Inayos niya ang kanyang bilis ng paglakad para tumugma sa kasama niya sa kanilang paglalakad.

enthusiasm
enthusiasm
[Pangngalan]

a feeling of great excitement and passion

sigasig

sigasig

Ex: She showed great enthusiasm for the new project. 

Nagpakita siya ng malaking sigasig para sa bagong proyekto.

to wane
to wane
[Pandiwa]

to gradually decrease in intensity, strength, importance, size, influence, etc.

humina, bumababa

humina, bumababa

Ex: The popularity of the trend is currently waning among the younger generation. 

Ang kasikatan ng trend ay kasalukuyang bumababa sa mga kabataan.

meanwhile
meanwhile
[pang-abay]

at the same time but often somewhere else

samantala, habang

samantala, habang

Ex: She started cooking dinner; meanwhile, her husband set the table. 

Nagsimula siyang magluto ng hapunan; samantala, naghanda ng mesa ang kanyang asawa.

embarrassed
embarrassed
[pang-uri]

feeling ashamed and uncomfortable because of something that happened or was said

nahihiya, napahiya

nahihiya, napahiya

Ex: She felt embarrassed when she realized she had mispronounced the word. 

Naramdaman niya ang hiya nang malaman niyang mali ang kanyang pagbigkas sa salita.

to struggle
to struggle
[Pandiwa]

to put a great deal of effort to overcome difficulties or achieve a goal

makipaglaban, magsumikap

makipaglaban, magsumikap

Ex: He struggled to lift the heavy box onto the shelf, but with determination, he eventually succeeded. 

Siya ay nagpumilit na buhatin ang mabigat na kahon sa istante, ngunit sa determinasyon, sa wakas ay nagtagumpay siya.

to keep up
to keep up
[Pandiwa]

to move or progress at the same rate as someone or something else

makasabay, panatilihin ang bilis

makasabay, panatilihin ang bilis

Ex: The student had to work extra hours to keep up with the coursework. 

Ang estudyante ay kailangang magtrabaho ng mga ekstrang oras upang makasabay sa coursework.

to bore
to bore
[Pandiwa]

to do something that causes a person become uninterested, tired, or impatient

magpabagot, magpayamot

magpabagot, magpayamot

Ex: The long lecture bored the students. 

Ang mahabang lektura ay nainip sa mga estudyante.

to frustrate
to frustrate
[Pandiwa]

to make someone feel annoyed or upset for not being able to achieve what they desire

biguin, inisin

biguin, inisin

Ex: The ongoing delays frustrate her. 

Ang patuloy na pagkaantala ay nakakainis sa kanya.

to burn out
to burn out
[Pandiwa]

to feel very tired from working too much over a period of time

maubos, mapagod

maubos, mapagod

Ex: She burned herself out by taking on too many projects at once. 

Na-burn out siya sa pagkuha ng napakaraming proyekto nang sabay-sabay.

to summit
to summit
[Pandiwa]

to reach the highest point of a mountain or peak

umabot sa tuktok, umakyat

umabot sa tuktok, umakyat

Ex: The climbers summited Mount Everest at sunrise. 

Ang mga umakyat ay umabot sa tuktok ng Bundok Everest sa pagsikat ng araw.

straggler
straggler
[Pangngalan]

someone who strays or falls behind

nahuhuli, naiiwan

nahuhuli, naiiwan

stroll
stroll
[Pangngalan]

a relaxed walk taken for enjoyment

paglakad-lakad,  pamamasyal

paglakad-lakad, pamamasyal

Ex: We enjoyed a stroll through the botanical gardens. 

Nasiyahan kami sa isang paglakad-lakad sa botanical gardens.

to suffer
to suffer
[Pandiwa]

to feel discomfort, distress, or unease due to a particular condition or situation

magdusa, dumanas

magdusa, dumanas

Ex: She is suffering from the intense heat of the summer. 

Siya ay naghihirap sa matinding init ng tag-araw.

collective
collective
[Pangngalan]

a cooperative or united group of individuals, entities, or elements working together for a common purpose or interest

kolektibo

kolektibo

Ex: The collective of artists collaborated to create a mural that reflected the diversity and unity within their community. 

Ang kolektibo ng mga artista ay nagtulungan upang lumikha ng isang mural na sumasalamin sa pagkakaiba-iba at pagkakaisa sa loob ng kanilang komunidad.

mediocrity
mediocrity
[Pangngalan]

ordinariness as a consequence of being average and not outstanding

pangkaraniwan

pangkaraniwan

Ex: The team struggled to rise above mediocrity. 
to prevail
to prevail
[Pandiwa]

to remain in use, fashion, or existence over time

manaig, manatili

manaig, manatili

Ex: Despite changing trends, classic styles continue to prevail in the fashion industry. 

Sa kabila ng nagbabagong mga trend, ang mga klasikong estilo ay patuloy na nangingibabaw sa industriya ng fashion.

pedagogical
pedagogical
[pang-uri]

of or relating to pedagogy

pedagohikal

pedagohikal

paradigm
paradigm
[Pangngalan]

a selection of theories and ideas that explain how a particular school, subject, or discipline is generally understood

paradaym, modelo

paradaym, modelo

Ex: The new research shifted the paradigm of how we understand climate change. 

Ang bagong pananaliksik ay nagbago ng paradigm kung paano natin nauunawaan ang pagbabago ng klima.

arguably
arguably
[pang-abay]

used to convey that a statement can be supported with reasons or evidence

maaaring,  posibleng

maaaring, posibleng

Ex: He is arguably the best player in the league, consistently delivering outstanding performances. 

Siya ay maaaring ang pinakamahusay na manlalaro sa liga, palaging nagbibigay ng pambihirang pagganap.

constructivism
constructivism
[Pangngalan]

a learning theory that suggests learners actively construct their understanding of the world through experiences and reflection

konstruktibismo, teoryang konstruktibista

konstruktibismo, teoryang konstruktibista

Ex: Constructivism encourages educators to provide authentic tasks and real-world contexts to engage students in meaningful learning experiences. 

Hinihikayat ng constructivism ang mga edukador na magbigay ng mga tunay na gawain at konteksto ng totoong mundo upang makisali ang mga mag-aaral sa makabuluhang karanasan sa pag-aaral.

to emerge
to emerge
[Pandiwa]

to become apparent after a period of development, transformation, or investigation

lumitaw, sumipot

lumitaw, sumipot

Ex: After undergoing a significant transformation, the old neighborhood emerged as a vibrant cultural hub. 

Matapos sumailalim sa isang makabuluhang pagbabago, ang lumang kapitbahayan lumitaw bilang isang masiglang cultural hub.

to emphasize
to emphasize
[Pandiwa]

to give special attention or importance to something

bigyang-diin, pagtuunan ng pansin

bigyang-diin, pagtuunan ng pansin

Ex: Although the report covered many topics, the conclusion strongly emphasized the need for further research on climate change. 

Bagama't maraming paksa ang sakop ng ulat, malakas na binigyang-diin ng konklusyon ang pangangailangan para sa karagdagang pananaliksik sa pagbabago ng klima.

zone
zone
[Pangngalan]

a specific area with unique characteristics

sona, lugar

sona, lugar

Ex: This park has a zone for picnics and another for sports. 

Ang parkeng ito ay may sona para sa piknik at isa pa para sa sports.

proximal
proximal
[pang-uri]

located closer to the center of the body or the point where a limb or structure attaches to the main body

malapit sa gitna, malapit sa punto ng pagkakabit

malapit sa gitna, malapit sa punto ng pagkakabit

Ex: The fracture occurred at the proximal end of the femur, near the hip joint. 

Ang bali ay nangyari sa proximal na dulo ng femur, malapit sa hip joint.

development
development
[Pangngalan]

a process or state in which something becomes more advanced, stronger, etc.

pag-unlad

pag-unlad

Ex: They monitored the development of the plant to understand its growth patterns. 

Minonitor nila ang pag-unlad ng halaman upang maunawaan ang mga pattern ng paglaki nito.

to achieve
to achieve
[Pandiwa]

to finally accomplish a desired goal after dealing with many difficulties

makamit, magawa

makamit, magawa

Ex: The student's perseverance and late-night study sessions helped him achieve high scores on the challenging exams. 

Ang tiyaga ng mag-aaral at ang kanyang mga sesyon ng pag-aaral sa gabi ay nakatulong sa kanya na makamit ang mataas na marka sa mahihirap na pagsusulit.

independently
independently
[pang-abay]

without assistance from others

nang nakapagsasarili, nang malaya

nang nakapagsasarili, nang malaya

Ex: Despite his condition, he lives independently and handles his own finances. 

Sa kabila ng kanyang kalagayan, siya ay nabubuhay nang nakapag-iisa at humahawak ng sariling pananalapi.

scaffolding
scaffolding
[Pangngalan]

a structure consisting of metal poles with wooden planks on them that are put against a building so that workers can climb it or stand on it while constructing the building

plantsa, istruktura ng plantsa

plantsa, istruktura ng plantsa

autonomous
autonomous
[pang-uri]

(of a person) able to do things and make decisions independently

awtonomo

awtonomo

to follow
to follow
[Pandiwa]

to be a direct or logical consequence of something

sumunod, resulta

sumunod, resulta

Ex: It's unclear how her promotion follows from her recent performance. 

Hindi malinaw kung paano sumusunod ang kanyang promosyon sa kanyang kamakailang pagganap.

efficient
efficient
[pang-uri]

(of a system or machine) achieving maximum productivity without wasting much time, effort, or money

mahusay, mabisa

mahusay, mabisa

Ex: The efficient assembly line increased productivity while reducing production costs. 
regardless of
regardless of
[Preposisyon]

without taking into consideration or being influenced by a particular factor or condition

hindi alintana, nang hindi isinasaalang-alang

hindi alintana, nang hindi isinasaalang-alang

Ex: I'll be there tomorrow regardless of the weather. 

Ako ay naroon bukas kahit na ang panahon.

aptitude
aptitude
[Pangngalan]

natural talent or ability in a particular skill or area

kakayahan,  talento

kakayahan, talento

Ex: His aptitude in mathematics made him the top student in the class. 

Ang kanyang kakayahan sa matematika ang nagpaging top student sa klase.

madness
madness
[Pangngalan]

very stupid behavior that could develop into a dangerous situation

kahibangan, kalokohan

kahibangan, kalokohan

Ex: Driving at high speeds in dense fog is sheer madness and incredibly dangerous. 

Ang pagmamaneho sa mataas na bilis sa makapal na ulap ay tunay na kahibangan at lubhang mapanganib.

mixed-ability
mixed-ability
[pang-uri]

involving people who have different levels of skill, knowledge, or ability in the same group

halo-halong kakayahan, hindi magkakatulad

halo-halong kakayahan, hindi magkakatulad

Ex: Mixed-ability teaching needs careful planning. 

Ang pagtuturo na may iba't ibang kakayahan ay nangangailangan ng maingat na pagpaplano.

streaming
streaming
[Pangngalan]

a method of teaching where students are divided into groups based on their level of ability or performance

pagpapangkat ayon sa antas, streaming

pagpapangkat ayon sa antas, streaming

Ex: The teacher explained how streaming affects lesson planning. 

Ipinaliwanag ng guro kung paano nakakaapekto ang streaming sa pagpaplano ng aralin.

tracking
tracking
[Pangngalan]

a teaching method where students are placed into different courses or learning paths based on their abilities, performance, or future goals

pagsunod, akademikong paggabay

pagsunod, akademikong paggabay

Ex: The school uses tracking to separate academic and vocational students. 

Ginagamit ng paaralan ang pagsusubaybay upang paghiwalayin ang mga akademiko at bokasyonal na mag-aaral.

to diagnose
to diagnose
[Pandiwa]

to find out the cause of a problem or issue by carefully examining the situation or system

mag-diagnose, kilalanin

mag-diagnose, kilalanin

Ex: He diagnosed the issue after running several tests. 

Ni-diagnose niya ang problema pagkatapos magsagawa ng ilang mga test.

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