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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Akademicki - Test 3 - Czytanie - Fragment 3 (1)

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Cambridge IELTS 18 - Academic
scene
scene
[Rzeczownik]

an incident or event, either real or imagined, that is depicted or described with specific details and context

scena, obraz

scena, obraz

Ex: The car accident created a chaotic scene on the busy highway. 
case
case
[Rzeczownik]

an example of a certain kind of situation

przypadek, przykład

przypadek, przykład

Ex: In this case, we need to follow the company's emergency procedures. 
extract
extract
[Rzeczownik]

a short portion or segment taken from a larger work, such as a book, speech, or document

wyciąg, fragment

wyciąg, fragment

Ex: The book includes an extract from the author's early writings. 
friendly
friendly
[przymiotnik]

easy to understand or use

przyjazny, dostępny

przyjazny, dostępny

literacy
literacy
[Rzeczownik]

the capability to read and write

alfabetyzacja, umiejętność czytania i pisania

alfabetyzacja, umiejętność czytania i pisania

Ex: The school’s new program focuses on enhancing early childhood literacy. 
demand
demand
[Rzeczownik]

a situation or requirement that necessitates relief or assistance

zapotrzebowanie, potrzeba

zapotrzebowanie, potrzeba

Ex: The flood created a demand for emergency aid. 
to identify
to identify
[Czasownik]

to find or discover something by searching for its features, characteristics, or details

zidentyfikować, rozpoznać

zidentyfikować, rozpoznać

Ex: She identified the problem after carefully checking the machine. 
tentative
tentative
[przymiotnik]

hesitant, timid, and not having enough confidence

niepewny, nieśmiały

niepewny, nieśmiały

Ex: She gave a tentative smile, unsure if she was saying the right thing. 
plot
plot
[Rzeczownik]

the events that are crucial to the formation and continuity of a story in a movie, play, novel, etc.

fabuła, wątek

fabuła, wątek

Ex: The plot of the novel kept readers on the edge of their seats with its unexpected twists. 
character development

the process by which a fictional character is portrayed and transformed throughout a story

rozwój postaci, ewolucja postaci

rozwój postaci, ewolucja postaci

statement
statement
[Rzeczownik]

something that is expressed through things one says or writes

oświadczenie, stwierdzenie

oświadczenie, stwierdzenie

Ex: His statement about the event was very detailed. 
textual
textual
[przymiotnik]

relating to or concerning written or printed material

tekstowy, odnoszący się do tekstu

tekstowy, odnoszący się do tekstu

Ex: The textual analysis of the novel focused on themes of identity and belonging. 
to wonder
to wonder
[Czasownik]

to want to know about something particular

zastanawiać się, rozmyślać

zastanawiać się, rozmyślać

Ex: I often wonder what life would be like in a different time period. 
to advocate
to advocate
[Czasownik]

to publicly support or recommend something

opowiadać się, bronić

opowiadać się, bronić

Ex: The environmentalist passionately advocates for sustainable living practices. 
moderation
moderation
[Rzeczownik]

the act or state of avoiding excess or extremes in thought, behavior, or action

umiarkowanie, powściągliwość

umiarkowanie, powściągliwość

Ex: The key to financial stability is practicing moderation in spending and saving. 
passionate
passionate
[przymiotnik]

having or displaying a strong love or enthusiasm for something

pasjonujący, zapalony

pasjonujący, zapalony

Ex: He is a passionate musician, practicing for hours every day to perfect his craft. 
engagement
engagement
[Rzeczownik]

the act of participating or being actively involved in something

zaangażowanie, udział

zaangażowanie, udział

Ex: His engagement in the community has made a big difference. 
gap
gap
[Rzeczownik]

a difference, particularly an unwanted one, causing separation between two people, situations, or opinions

luka, przepaść

luka, przepaść

Ex: The gap in understanding between the two generations often leads to disagreements. 
virtue
virtue
[Rzeczownik]

a positive moral quality or admirable trait in a person

cnota, cecha

cnota, cecha

Ex: Patience is often seen as a great virtue. 
attainment
attainment
[Rzeczownik]

the action or fact of achieving a goal or an aim

osiągnięcie, zdobycie

osiągnięcie, zdobycie

Ex: Her attainment of the highest academic honor was a result of years of hard work. 
macro
macro
[przymiotnik]

very big or wide in scale or scope

makro, szeroko zakrojony

makro, szeroko zakrojony

Ex: She focused on the macro view of the problem, considering its broader implications. 
establishment
establishment
[Rzeczownik]

a business, institution, or facility that operates from a particular place

zakład, przedsiębiorstwo

zakład, przedsiębiorstwo

Ex: The hotel is a five-star establishment near the city center. 
academically
academically
[przysłówek]

with regard to formal education or scholarly activities

akademicko, z akademickiego punktu widzenia

akademicko, z akademickiego punktu widzenia

Ex: The professor addressed the topic academically, incorporating theories and academic literature into the lecture. 
selective
selective
[przymiotnik]

very careful or meticulous in choosing only the best or most suitable options

selektywny,  wybredny

selektywny, wybredny

Ex: The university has a selective admissions process, accepting only the most qualified applicants. 
bright
bright
[przymiotnik]

capable of thinking and learning in a good and quick way

bystry, jasny

bystry, jasny

Ex: The teacher recognized him as a bright student with a natural curiosity for learning. 
comprehensive school

a British or Canadian secondary school that provides a broad curriculum to students of all abilities and backgrounds, without selecting based on academic ability

szkoła ogólnokształcąca, szkoła kompleksowa

szkoła ogólnokształcąca, szkoła kompleksowa

Ex: Students at the comprehensive school benefit from a diverse learning environment that accommodates varying abilities and interests. 
stream
stream
[Rzeczownik]

a group of students who are taught together in the same class or classes, typically based on their academic ability or chosen subjects

grupa poziomu, strumień

grupa poziomu, strumień

Ex: The top stream consists of the most academically advanced students who excel in subjects like mathematics and science. 
intuitively
intuitively
[przysłówek]

in a way that is guided by natural understanding or instinct

intuicyjnie, instynktownie

intuicyjnie, instynktownie

Ex: She intuitively reached for his hand when the thunder cracked. 
appealing
appealing
[przymiotnik]

pleasing and likely to arouse interest or desire

atrakcyjny, pociągający

atrakcyjny, pociągający

Ex: Despite her simple attire, there was something undeniably appealing about her natural beauty. 
stakeholder
stakeholder
[Rzeczownik]

an individual or group with an interest in the success of an organization, project, or initiative

interesariusz, stakeholder

interesariusz, stakeholder

analogy
analogy
[Rzeczownik]

a comparison between two different things, done to explain the similarities between them

analogia

analogia

Ex: Emma employed the analogy of a river flowing downstream to illustrate the passage of time and the inevitability of change. 
to [take] the lead

to become the person in charge or the main person guiding others

brisk
brisk
[przymiotnik]

quick and energetic in movement or action

żwawy, energiczny

żwawy, energiczny

Ex: She took a brisk walk in the morning to wake herself up. 
pace
pace
[Rzeczownik]

a person's speed when walking, moving, or running

tempo, krok

tempo, krok

Ex: The runner maintained a steady pace throughout the marathon, ensuring they did not tire out too quickly. 
enthusiasm
enthusiasm
[Rzeczownik]

a feeling of great excitement and passion

entuzjazm

entuzjazm

Ex: She showed great enthusiasm for the new project. 
to wane
to wane
[Czasownik]

to gradually decrease in intensity, strength, importance, size, influence, etc.

słabnąć, zmniejszać się

słabnąć, zmniejszać się

Ex: The popularity of the trend is currently waning among the younger generation. 
meanwhile
meanwhile
[przysłówek]

at the same time but often somewhere else

tymczasem, w międzyczasie

tymczasem, w międzyczasie

Ex: She started cooking dinner; meanwhile, her husband set the table. 
embarrassed
embarrassed
[przymiotnik]

feeling ashamed and uncomfortable because of something that happened or was said

zakłopotany, zawstydzony

zakłopotany, zawstydzony

Ex: She felt embarrassed when she realized she had mispronounced the word. 
to struggle
to struggle
[Czasownik]

to put a great deal of effort to overcome difficulties or achieve a goal

walczyć, starać się

walczyć, starać się

Ex: He struggled to lift the heavy box onto the shelf, but with determination, he eventually succeeded. 
to keep up
to keep up
[Czasownik]

to move or progress at the same rate as someone or something else

nadążać, utrzymywać tempo

nadążać, utrzymywać tempo

Ex: In the marathon, he struggled to keep up with the leading runners. 
to bore
to bore
[Czasownik]

to do something that causes a person become uninterested, tired, or impatient

nudzić, męczyć

nudzić, męczyć

Ex: The long lecture bored the students. 
to frustrate
to frustrate
[Czasownik]

to make someone feel annoyed or upset for not being able to achieve what they desire

frustrować, denerwować

frustrować, denerwować

Ex: The ongoing delays frustrate her. 
to burn out
to burn out
[Czasownik]

to feel very tired from working too much over a period of time

wypalać się, wyczerpywać się

wypalać się, wyczerpywać się

Ex: She burned herself out by taking on too many projects at once. 
to summit
to summit
[Czasownik]

to reach the highest point of a mountain or peak

osiągnąć szczyt, wspiąć się

osiągnąć szczyt, wspiąć się

Ex: The climbers summited Mount Everest at sunrise. 
straggler
straggler
[Rzeczownik]

someone who strays or falls behind

maruder, pozostający w tyle

maruder, pozostający w tyle

stroll
stroll
[Rzeczownik]

a relaxed walk taken for enjoyment

spacer,  przechadzka

spacer, przechadzka

Ex: We enjoyed a stroll through the botanical gardens. 
to suffer
to suffer
[Czasownik]

to feel discomfort, distress, or unease due to a particular condition or situation

cierpieć, znosić

cierpieć, znosić

Ex: She is suffering from the intense heat of the summer. 
collective
collective
[Rzeczownik]

a cooperative or united group of individuals, entities, or elements working together for a common purpose or interest

kolektyw

kolektyw

Ex: The collective of artists collaborated to create a mural that reflected the diversity and unity within their community. 
mediocrity
mediocrity
[Rzeczownik]

ordinariness as a consequence of being average and not outstanding

mierność

mierność

to prevail
to prevail
[Czasownik]

to remain in use, fashion, or existence over time

przeważać, utrzymywać się

przeważać, utrzymywać się

Ex: Despite changing trends, classic styles continue to prevail in the fashion industry. 
pedagogical
pedagogical
[przymiotnik]

of or relating to pedagogy

pedagogiczny

pedagogiczny

paradigm
paradigm
[Rzeczownik]

a selection of theories and ideas that explain how a particular school, subject, or discipline is generally understood

paradygmat, model

paradygmat, model

Ex: The new research shifted the paradigm of how we understand climate change. 
arguably
arguably
[przysłówek]

used to convey that a statement can be supported with reasons or evidence

niewątpliwie,  prawdopodobnie

niewątpliwie, prawdopodobnie

Ex: He is arguably the best player in the league, consistently delivering outstanding performances. 
constructivism
constructivism
[Rzeczownik]

a learning theory that suggests learners actively construct their understanding of the world through experiences and reflection

konstruktywizm, teoria konstruktywistyczna

konstruktywizm, teoria konstruktywistyczna

Ex: Constructivism encourages educators to provide authentic tasks and real-world contexts to engage students in meaningful learning experiences. 
to emerge
to emerge
[Czasownik]

to become apparent after a period of development, transformation, or investigation

pojawiać się, wyłaniać się

pojawiać się, wyłaniać się

Ex: After undergoing a significant transformation, the old neighborhood emerged as a vibrant cultural hub. 
to emphasize
to emphasize
[Czasownik]

to give special attention or importance to something

podkreślać, akcentować

podkreślać, akcentować

Ex: Throughout her campaign speech, the candidate emphasized her plans for improving education and healthcare if elected. 
zone
zone
[Rzeczownik]

a specific area with unique characteristics

strefa, obszar

strefa, obszar

Ex: This park has a zone for picnics and another for sports. 
proximal
proximal
[przymiotnik]

located closer to the center of the body or the point where a limb or structure attaches to the main body

proksymalny, bliższy centrum

proksymalny, bliższy centrum

Ex: The fracture occurred at the proximal end of the femur, near the hip joint. 
development
development
[Rzeczownik]

a process or state in which something becomes more advanced, stronger, etc.

rozwój

rozwój

Ex: The development of new technologies has transformed modern life. 
to achieve
to achieve
[Czasownik]

to finally accomplish a desired goal after dealing with many difficulties

osiągać, realizować

osiągać, realizować

Ex: After years of hard work and dedication, she finally achieved her dream of becoming a published author. 
independently
independently
[przysłówek]

without assistance from others

samodzielnie, niezależnie

samodzielnie, niezależnie

Ex: Despite his condition, he lives independently and handles his own finances. 
scaffolding
scaffolding
[Rzeczownik]

a structure consisting of metal poles with wooden planks on them that are put against a building so that workers can climb it or stand on it while constructing the building

rusztowanie, konstrukcja rusztowania

rusztowanie, konstrukcja rusztowania

autonomous
autonomous
[przymiotnik]

(of a person) able to do things and make decisions independently

autonomiczny

autonomiczny

to follow
to follow
[Czasownik]

to be a direct or logical consequence of something

wynikać, następować

wynikać, następować

Ex: It's unclear how her promotion follows from her recent performance. 
efficient
efficient
[przymiotnik]

(of a system or machine) achieving maximum productivity without wasting much time, effort, or money

wydajny, efektywny

wydajny, efektywny

Ex: The efficient assembly line increased productivity while reducing production costs. 
regardless of
regardless of
[Przyimek]

without taking into consideration or being influenced by a particular factor or condition

niezależnie od, nie biorąc pod uwagę

niezależnie od, nie biorąc pod uwagę

Ex: I'll be there tomorrow regardless of the weather. 
aptitude
aptitude
[Rzeczownik]

natural talent or ability in a particular skill or area

zdolność,  talent

zdolność, talent

Ex: His aptitude in mathematics made him the top student in the class. 
madness
madness
[Rzeczownik]

very stupid behavior that could develop into a dangerous situation

szaleństwo, głupota

szaleństwo, głupota

Ex: Driving at high speeds in dense fog is sheer madness and incredibly dangerous. 
mixed-ability
mixed-ability
[przymiotnik]

involving people who have different levels of skill, knowledge, or ability in the same group

o mieszanych umiejętnościach, heterogeniczny

o mieszanych umiejętnościach, heterogeniczny

Ex: The teacher used a mixed-ability approach in the classroom. 
streaming
streaming
[Rzeczownik]

a method of teaching where students are divided into groups based on their level of ability or performance

grupowanie według poziomu, streaming

grupowanie według poziomu, streaming

Ex: The school uses streaming to group students by skill level. 
tracking
tracking
[Rzeczownik]

a teaching method where students are placed into different courses or learning paths based on their abilities, performance, or future goals

śledzenie, orientacja szkolna

śledzenie, orientacja szkolna

Ex: The school uses tracking to separate academic and vocational students. 
to diagnose
to diagnose
[Czasownik]

to find out the cause of a problem or issue by carefully examining the situation or system

zdiagnozować, zidentyfikować

zdiagnozować, zidentyfikować

Ex: He diagnosed the issue after running several tests. 
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