Sciences ACT - Vie animale et évolution

an animal that primarily feeds on insects or other small invertebrates

insectivore

(of plants or animals) feeding on the meat or flesh of other animals

carnivore

(of an animal) solely feeding on plants

herbivore

an organism that cannot produce its own food and must obtain energy by consuming other organisms or organic matter

hétérotrophe

an organism that breaks down and feeds on dead organic matter, such as decaying plant and animal material

détritivore

relating to organisms that live on or inside other organisms, benefiting at the expense of their hosts

parasitique

(of an animal) generating and regulating their own body heat internally

endothermique, à sang chaud

the process of waking up or becoming active and alert, often influenced by environmental stimuli or internal biological rhythms

éveil, excitation

(of some animals or plants) to spend the winter sleeping deeply

hiberner

the poisonous substance produced by some snakes, scorpions, or spiders to kill their prey or to defend themselves from predators

venin

the harmful effects or potential for harm caused by a substance to living organisms or the environment

toxicité

the capacity or ability of an organism, often referring to its genetic potential, reproductive success, or influence within its environment

potence, vigueur

the place or area in which certain animals, birds, or plants naturally exist, lives, and grows

habitat

(of wild animals) living by preying on other animals, especially live animals

prédateur

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

écosystème

primarily active or occurring during the daytime

diurne

(of animals or organisms) primarily active during the night

nocturne

(of an animal) active during the twilight hours of dawn and dusk

crépusculaire, nocturne

to bring up partially digested food from the stomach back into the mouth, often to feed young or as part of the digestive process

régurgiter, ramener

the internal bony structure of an animal that gives it form and supports its weight

endosquelette

the hard outer covering that supports the body of an animal, such as an arthropod

exosquelette

(of an animal, plant, etc.) not having any living members, either due to natural causes, environmental changes, or human activity

disparu, éteint

the process of bringing extinct species back to life through scientific methods

dé-extinction, récupération d'espèces

(of a wild animal) tamed and adapted to live with or to the benefit of humans

domestiqué

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

préservation, protection

the scientific process of creating an identical or near-identical copy of a living organism, cell, or DNA sequence through asexual reproduction or genetic engineering techniques

clonage, duplication

related to evolution or the slow and gradual development of something

évolutif

a taxonomic rank below species that represents a distinct population within a species, exhibiting consistent differences from other populations

sous-espèce

characteristic of an early stage of human or animal evolution

primitif

(of an animal, plant, etc.) being at risk of extinction

en danger

found or restricted to a specific geographic region or habitat

endémique

an extinct large, elephant-like mammal with long, curved tusks and a body covered in hair, which lived during the Pleistocene epoch

mastodonte

an extinct hominid species closely related to modern humans, characterized by a robust build and distinctive facial features, that lived in Europe and parts of Asia until approximately 40,000 years ago

néandertalien, homme de Néandertal