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Agham ACT - Buhay ng Hayop at Ebolusyon

Dito matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles na may kaugnayan sa buhay ng hayop at ebolusyon, tulad ng "endemic", "diurnal", "toxicity", atbp. na makakatulong sa iyong pagpasa sa iyong ACT.

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Simulan ang pag-aaral
ACT Vocabulary for Science
insectivore
[Pangngalan]

an animal that primarily feeds on insects or other small invertebrates

insectivore, kumakain ng insekto

insectivore, kumakain ng insekto

carnivorous
[pang-uri]

(of plants or animals) feeding on the meat or flesh of other animals

karniboro

karniboro

Ex: Some species of birds , like eagles and hawks , are carnivorous and hunt small mammals and birds .Ang ilang uri ng mga ibon, tulad ng mga agila at lawin, ay **karniboro** at nanghuhuli ng maliliit na mamalya at ibon.
herbivorous
[pang-uri]

(of an animal) solely feeding on plants

herbivorous

herbivorous

Ex: Caterpillars are herbivorous larvae that feed on the leaves of plants before metamorphosing into butterflies or moths .Ang mga uod ay **herbivorous** na larvae na kumakain ng mga dahon ng halaman bago maging paruparo o gamugamo.
heterotroph
[Pangngalan]

an organism that cannot produce its own food and must obtain energy by consuming other organisms or organic matter

heterotroph, organismo heterotroph

heterotroph, organismo heterotroph

Ex: The study focused on the feeding habits of heterotrophs in various aquatic environments .Ang pag-aaral ay nakatuon sa mga gawi sa pagkain ng **heterotrophs** sa iba't ibang aquatic na kapaligiran.
detritivore
[Pangngalan]

an organism that breaks down and feeds on dead organic matter, such as decaying plant and animal material

detritiboro, organismong detritiboro

detritiboro, organismong detritiboro

parasitic
[pang-uri]

relating to organisms that live on or inside other organisms, benefiting at the expense of their hosts

parasitiko, parasito

parasitiko, parasito

Ex: Parasitic fungi , like the cordyceps fungus , infect insects and alter their behavior to aid in their own reproduction .Ang mga **parasitic** na fungi, tulad ng cordyceps fungus, ay nagdudulot ng impeksyon sa mga insekto at nagbabago ng kanilang pag-uugali upang makatulong sa kanilang sariling pagpaparami.
endothermic
[pang-uri]

(of an animal) generating and regulating their own body heat internally

endothermic, mainit ang dugo

endothermic, mainit ang dugo

arousal
[Pangngalan]

the process of waking up or becoming active and alert, often influenced by environmental stimuli or internal biological rhythms

pagkagising, pag-activate

pagkagising, pag-activate

Ex: The arousal response in mammals can be rapid , allowing them to react quickly to potential threats upon waking .Ang tugon ng **pagkagising** sa mga mamalya ay maaaring mabilis, na nagbibigay-daan sa kanila na mabilis na tumugon sa mga potensyal na banta pagkatapos magising.
to hibernate
[Pandiwa]

(of some animals or plants) to spend the winter sleeping deeply

mag-hibernate, magtulog sa taglamig

mag-hibernate, magtulog sa taglamig

Ex: Ground squirrels hibernate in their burrows, where they enter a state of deep torpor to survive the winter.Ang mga ground squirrel ay **naghihibernate** sa kanilang mga lungga, kung saan sila ay pumapasok sa isang estado ng malalim na torpor upang mabuhay sa taglamig.
venom
[Pangngalan]

the poisonous substance produced by some snakes, scorpions, or spiders to kill their prey or to defend themselves from predators

lason

lason

Ex: The doctor administered an antivenom to counteract the effects of the snake 's venom.Nagbigay ang doktor ng isang antivenom upang labanan ang mga epekto ng **lason** ng ahas.
toxicity
[Pangngalan]

the harmful effects or potential for harm caused by a substance to living organisms or the environment

lason

lason

Ex: The scientist developed a method for measuring the toxicity of wastewater discharged into rivers .Ang siyentipiko ay bumuo ng isang paraan para sukatin ang **toxicity** ng wastewater na itinatapon sa mga ilog.
potency
[Pangngalan]

the capacity or ability of an organism, often referring to its genetic potential, reproductive success, or influence within its environment

lakas, kakayahan

lakas, kakayahan

Ex: Researchers study the potency of certain traits to understand their impact on evolutionary fitness .Pinag-aaralan ng mga mananaliksik ang **potensyal** ng ilang katangian upang maunawaan ang kanilang epekto sa evolutionary fitness.
habitat
[Pangngalan]

the place or area in which certain animals, birds, or plants naturally exist, lives, and grows

tirahan, likas na tahanan

tirahan, likas na tahanan

Ex: Cacti are well adapted to the dry habitat of the desert .Ang mga cactus ay mahusay na naakma sa tuyong **tirahan** ng disyerto.
predatory
[pang-uri]

(of wild animals) living by preying on other animals, especially live animals

mandaragit,  maninila

mandaragit, maninila

Ex: The owl 's predatory gaze followed the movement of a mouse on the forest floor .Ang **mandaragit** na tingin ng kuwago ay sumunod sa galaw ng isang daga sa sahig ng kagubatan.
ecosystem
[Pangngalan]

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

ekosistema, sistemang ekolohikal

ekosistema, sistemang ekolohikal

Ex: Climate change poses a major threat to many fragile ecosystems.Ang pagbabago ng klima ay nagdudulot ng malaking banta sa maraming marupok na **ecosystem**.
diurnal
[pang-uri]

primarily active or occurring during the daytime

pang-araw, aktibo sa araw

pang-araw, aktibo sa araw

Ex: Hikers prefer diurnal adventures , taking advantage of daylight to explore trails and enjoy nature .Mas gusto ng mga hiker ang mga **araw** na pakikipagsapalaran, sinasamantala ang liwanag ng araw upang galugarin ang mga landas at masiyahan sa kalikasan.
nocturnal
[pang-uri]

(of animals or organisms) primarily active during the night

pang-gabi

pang-gabi

Ex: Mosquitoes are notorious nocturnal pests , becoming most active after dusk .Ang mga lamok ay kilalang **pang-gabi** na peste, na pinaka-aktibo pagkatapos ng takipsilim.
crepuscular
[pang-uri]

(of an animal) active during the twilight hours of dawn and dusk

takipsilim, gabing aktibo

takipsilim, gabing aktibo

Ex: Wildlife photographers set up their cameras before sunrise , eager to capture the elusive beauty of crepuscular creatures in their natural habitats .Inilalagay ng mga wildlife photographer ang kanilang mga camera bago sumikat ang araw, sabik na makuha ang mahiwagang kagandahan ng mga **crepuscular** na nilalang sa kanilang natural na tirahan.

to bring up partially digested food from the stomach back into the mouth, often to feed young or as part of the digestive process

isuka, ibulsa

isuka, ibulsa

Ex: Insects like bees regurgitate nectar to produce honey for their hive .Ang mga insekto tulad ng mga bubuyog ay **isuka** ang nektar upang makagawa ng pulot para sa kanilang bahay-pukyutan.
endoskeleton
[Pangngalan]

the internal bony structure of an animal that gives it form and supports its weight

endoskeleton, panloob na balangkas

endoskeleton, panloob na balangkas

exoskeleton
[Pangngalan]

the hard outer covering that supports the body of an animal, such as an arthropod

exoskeleton, balat

exoskeleton, balat

Ex: A grasshopper 's exoskeleton allows it to jump long distances .Ang **exoskeleton** ng isang tipaklong ay nagbibigay-daan ito na tumalon ng malalayong distansya.
extinct
[pang-uri]

(of an animal, plant, etc.) not having any living members, either due to natural causes, environmental changes, or human activity

patay na, nawala

patay na, nawala

Ex: Conservation efforts aim to protect endangered species and prevent them from becoming extinct.Ang mga pagsisikap sa konserbasyon ay naglalayong protektahan ang mga nanganganib na species at pigilan silang maging **extinct**.
de-extinction
[Pangngalan]

the process of bringing extinct species back to life through scientific methods

de-extinction, muling pagkabuhay ng mga species

de-extinction, muling pagkabuhay ng mga species

domesticated
[pang-uri]

(of a wild animal) tamed and adapted to live with or to the benefit of humans

inaamo, sinanay

inaamo, sinanay

Ex: Livestock such as cows, sheep, and goats are domesticated animals raised for food production and other purposes.Ang mga hayop tulad ng baka, tupa, at kambing ay mga **inaalagaang** hayop na itinataas para sa produksyon ng pagkain at iba pang layunin.
conservation
[Pangngalan]

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

konserbasyon, pangangalaga

konserbasyon, pangangalaga

Ex: Many organizations focus on wildlife conservation to prevent species from becoming extinct .Maraming organisasyon ang nakatuon sa **pangangalaga** ng wildlife upang maiwasan ang pagkalipol ng mga species.
cloning
[Pangngalan]

the scientific process of creating an identical or near-identical copy of a living organism, cell, or DNA sequence through asexual reproduction or genetic engineering techniques

pagkopya

pagkopya

Ex: Dolly the sheep was the first mammal created through cloning.Si Dolly ang tupa ang unang mamalya na nilikha sa pamamagitan ng **cloning**.
evolutionary
[pang-uri]

related to evolution or the slow and gradual development of something

ebolusyonaryo

ebolusyonaryo

Ex: The evolutionary relationship between species can be inferred through comparative anatomy and DNA analysis .Ang **ebolusyonaryo** na relasyon sa pagitan ng mga species ay maaaring mahinuha sa pamamagitan ng comparative anatomy at DNA analysis.
subspecies
[Pangngalan]

a taxonomic rank below species that represents a distinct population within a species, exhibiting consistent differences from other populations

subspecies, lahi

subspecies, lahi

primitive
[pang-uri]

characteristic of an early stage of human or animal evolution

primitibo, sinauna

primitibo, sinauna

Ex: The island 's ecosystem still contains primitive species that have remained unchanged for centuries .Ang ecosystem ng isla ay naglalaman pa rin ng mga **primitive** na species na nanatiling hindi nagbabago sa loob ng mga siglo.
endangered
[pang-uri]

(of an animal, plant, etc.) being at risk of extinction

nanganganib

nanganganib

Ex: Climate change poses a significant threat to many endangered species by altering their habitats and food sources.Ang pagbabago ng klima ay nagdudulot ng malaking banta sa maraming **nanganganib** na species sa pamamagitan ng pagbabago ng kanilang mga tirahan at pinagkukunan ng pagkain.
endemic
[pang-uri]

found or restricted to a specific geographic region or habitat

endemiko

endemiko

Ex: The endemic species of fish is only found in the freshwater lakes of the mountain range .Ang **endemik** na uri ng isda ay matatagpuan lamang sa mga freshwater lake ng mountain range.
mastodon
[Pangngalan]

an extinct large, elephant-like mammal with long, curved tusks and a body covered in hair, which lived during the Pleistocene epoch

mastodon, malaking hayop na katulad ng elepante

mastodon, malaking hayop na katulad ng elepante

Ex: Mastodons, unlike mammoths , had straighter tusks and different dental structures suited to their diet .Ang **mastodon**, hindi tulad ng mga mammoth, ay may mas tuwid na mga pangil at iba't ibang istruktura ng ngipin na angkop sa kanilang diyeta.
neanderthal
[Pangngalan]

an extinct hominid species closely related to modern humans, characterized by a robust build and distinctive facial features, that lived in Europe and parts of Asia until approximately 40,000 years ago

Neanderthal, Taong Neanderthal

Neanderthal, Taong Neanderthal

Ex: Neanderthals lived approximately 40,000 years ago and became extinct during the Pleistocene epoch .Ang mga **Neanderthal** ay nabuhay noong mga 40,000 taon na ang nakalilipas at naging extinct noong panahon ng Pleistocene epoch.
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