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Ciencias ACT - La Vida Animal y la Evolución

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con la vida animal y la evolución, como "endémico", "diurno", "toxicidad", etc. que te ayudarán a sobresalir en tus ACT.

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ACT Vocabulary for Science
insectivore
insectivore
[Sustantivo]

an animal that primarily feeds on insects or other small invertebrates

insectívoro, comedor de insectos

insectívoro, comedor de insectos

carnivorous
carnivorous
[Adjetivo]

(of plants or animals) feeding on the meat or flesh of other animals

carnívoro

carnívoro

Ex: Wolves are carnivorous mammals that hunt in packs for larger prey like deer and elk. 

Los lobos son mamíferos carnívoros que cazan en manada presas más grandes como ciervos y alces.

herbivorous
herbivorous
[Adjetivo]

(of an animal) solely feeding on plants

herbívoro

herbívoro

Ex: Deer are herbivorous animals commonly found in forests and grasslands, feeding on leaves, twigs, and grasses. 

Los ciervos son animales herbívoros que se encuentran comúnmente en bosques y praderas, alimentándose de hojas, ramitas y hierbas.

heterotroph
heterotroph
[Sustantivo]

an organism that cannot produce its own food and must obtain energy by consuming other organisms or organic matter

heterótrofo, organismo heterótrofo

heterótrofo, organismo heterótrofo

Ex: Heterotrophs play a crucial role in ecosystems by recycling nutrients through food webs. 

Los heterótrofos desempeñan un papel crucial en los ecosistemas al reciclar nutrientes a través de las redes alimentarias.

detritivore
detritivore
[Sustantivo]

an organism that breaks down and feeds on dead organic matter, such as decaying plant and animal material

detritívoro, organismo detritívoro

detritívoro, organismo detritívoro

parasitic
parasitic
[Adjetivo]

relating to organisms that live on or inside other organisms, benefiting at the expense of their hosts

parasitario, parásito

parasitario, parásito

Ex: Fleas are parasitic insects that feed on the blood of mammals and birds. 

Las pulgas son insectos parásitos que se alimentan de la sangre de mamíferos y aves.

endothermic
endothermic
[Adjetivo]

(of an animal) generating and regulating their own body heat internally

endotérmico, de sangre caliente

endotérmico, de sangre caliente

arousal
arousal
[Sustantivo]

the process of waking up or becoming active and alert, often influenced by environmental stimuli or internal biological rhythms

despertar, activación

despertar, activación

Ex: The arousal of nocturnal animals occurs as the sun sets, preparing them for nighttime activity. 

El despertar de los animales nocturnos ocurre cuando el sol se pone, preparándolos para la actividad nocturna.

to hibernate

(of some animals or plants) to spend the winter sleeping deeply

hibernar

hibernar

Ex: The groundhog's shadow is said to predict how long it will hibernate. 

Se dice que la sombra de la marmota predice cuánto tiempo hibernará.

venom
venom
[Sustantivo]

a toxic substance produced and secreted by certain animals, typically used for defense or hunting

veneno

veneno

Ex: Some frogs produce venom as a chemical defense. 

Algunas ranas producen veneno como defensa química.

toxicity
toxicity
[Sustantivo]

the harmful effects or potential for harm caused by a substance to living organisms or the environment

toxicidad

toxicidad

Ex: Environmental activists raised concerns about the toxicity of air pollution from nearby industrial plants. 

Los activistas ambientales expresaron su preocupación por la toxicidad de la contaminación del aire proveniente de las plantas industriales cercanas.

potency
potency
[Sustantivo]

the capacity or ability of an organism, often referring to its genetic potential, reproductive success, or influence within its environment

la potencia, la capacidad

la potencia, la capacidad

Ex: The potency of a species can be observed in its ability to adapt to changing environments. 

La potencia de una especie puede observarse en su capacidad para adaptarse a entornos cambiantes.

habitat
habitat
[Sustantivo]

the place or area in which certain animals, birds, or plants naturally exist, lives, and grows

hábitat

hábitat

Ex: Urban expansion is destroying the habitat of many wild animals. 

La expansión urbana está destruyendo el hábitat de muchos animales salvajes.

predatory
predatory
[Adjetivo]

(of wild animals) hunting, killing, and feeding on other animals for survival

depredador, predador

depredador, predador

Ex: Predatory behavior in sharks helps maintain ocean balance. 

El comportamiento depredador de los tiburones ayuda a mantener el equilibrio oceánico.

ecosystem
ecosystem
[Sustantivo]

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

ecosistema

ecosistema

Ex: Human activities like deforestation can disrupt fragile ecosystems and lead to biodiversity loss. 

Las actividades humanas como la deforestación pueden alterar los frágiles ecosistemas y provocar la pérdida de biodiversidad.

diurnal
diurnal
[Adjetivo]

primarily active or occurring during the daytime

diurno

diurno

Ex: The biologist focused her research on diurnal species, observing their behaviors and interactions throughout the day. 

La bióloga centró su investigación en especies diurnas, observando sus comportamientos e interacciones a lo largo del día.

nocturnal
nocturnal
[Adjetivo]

(of animals or organisms) primarily active during the night

nocturno

nocturno

Ex: Bats are nocturnal creatures, sleeping during the day and becoming active after sunset. 

Los murciélagos son criaturas nocturnas, que duermen durante el día y se activan después del atardecer.

crepuscular
crepuscular
[Adjetivo]

(of an animal) active during the twilight hours of dawn and dusk

crepuscular, vespertino

crepuscular, vespertino

Ex: The zoo's nocturnal exhibit featured crepuscular animals like the serval and the tamandua, showcasing their natural behaviors during the twilight hours. 

La exhibición nocturna del zoológico presentaba animales crepusculares como el serval y el tamandúa, mostrando sus comportamientos naturales durante las horas del crepúsculo.

to regurgitate

to bring up partially digested food from the stomach back into the mouth, often to feed young or as part of the digestive process

regurgitar, devolver

regurgitar, devolver

Ex: Some marine animals, like penguins, regurgitate food to nourish their offspring. 

Algunos animales marinos, como los pingüinos, regurgitan comida para alimentar a sus crías.

endoskeleton
endoskeleton
[Sustantivo]

the internal bony structure of an animal that gives it form and supports its weight

endoesqueleto

endoesqueleto

exoskeleton
exoskeleton
[Sustantivo]

the hard outer covering that supports the body of an animal, such as an arthropod

exoesqueleto

exoesqueleto

Ex: Crustaceans like crabs have exoskeletons made of chitin. 

Los crustáceos como los cangrejos tienen exoesqueletos hechos de quitina.

extinct
extinct
[Adjetivo]

(of an animal, plant, etc.) not having any living members, either due to natural causes, environmental changes, or human activity

extinto

extinto

Ex: The passenger pigeon was once one of the most abundant bird species in North America but became extinct in the early 20th century. 

La paloma migratoria fue una vez una de las especies de aves más abundantes en América del Norte pero se extinguió a principios del siglo XX.

de-extinction
de-extinction
[Sustantivo]

the process of bringing extinct species back to life through scientific methods

desextinción, resurrección de especies

desextinción, resurrección de especies

domesticated
domesticated
[Adjetivo]

(of a wild animal) tamed and adapted to live with or to the benefit of humans

domesticado

domesticado

Ex: Domesticated horses are used for various purposes, including riding, racing, and agriculture. 

Los caballos domesticados se utilizan para varios propósitos, incluyendo montar, carreras y agricultura.

conservation
conservation
[Sustantivo]

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

conservación

conservación

Ex: Water conservation is essential in regions experiencing severe drought. 

La conservación del agua es esencial en las regiones que experimentan sequía severa.

cloning
cloning
[Sustantivo]

the scientific process of creating an identical or near-identical copy of a living organism, cell, or DNA sequence through asexual reproduction or genetic engineering techniques

clonación

clonación

Ex: Ethical debates often arise regarding human cloning. 

A menudo surgen debates éticos en torno al clonación humana.

evolutionary
evolutionary
[Adjetivo]

related to evolution or the slow and gradual development of something

evolutivo

evolutivo

Ex: The evolutionary history of humans traces back millions of years to ancestral primates. 

La historia evolutiva de los humanos se remonta millones de años atrás a los primates ancestrales.

subspecies
subspecies
[Sustantivo]

a taxonomic rank below species that represents a distinct population within a species, exhibiting consistent differences from other populations

subespecie, raza

subespecie, raza

primitive
primitive
[Adjetivo]

characteristic of an early stage of human or animal evolution

primitivo

primitivo

Ex: The discovery of primitive plants helped scientists understand ancient ecosystems. 

El descubrimiento de plantas primitivas ayudó a los científicos a comprender los ecosistemas antiguos.

endangered
endangered
[Adjetivo]

(of an animal, plant, etc.) being at risk of extinction

en peligro de extinción

en peligro de extinción

Ex: The extinction of the black rhinoceros is a tragic result of the species becoming endangered. 

La extinción del rinoceronte negro es un resultado trágico de la especie en peligro de extinción.

endemic
endemic
[Adjetivo]

found or restricted to a specific geographic region or habitat

endémico

endémico

Ex: The endemic culture of the region is reflected in its traditional music and art. 

La cultura endémica de la región se refleja en su música y arte tradicionales.

mastodon
mastodon
[Sustantivo]

an extinct large, elephant-like mammal with long, curved tusks and a body covered in hair, which lived during the Pleistocene epoch

mastodonte, mastodón

mastodonte, mastodón

Ex: Paleontologists study mastodon remains to understand the reasons for their extinction. 

Los paleontólogos estudian los restos de mastodonte para entender las razones de su extinción.

neanderthal
neanderthal
[Sustantivo]

an extinct hominid species closely related to modern humans, characterized by a robust build and distinctive facial features, that lived in Europe and parts of Asia until approximately 40,000 years ago

Neandertal, Hombre de Neandertal

Neandertal, Hombre de Neandertal

Ex: Neanderthals are recognized for their distinctive physical traits, including a robust build and unique facial features. 

Los neandertales son reconocidos por sus rasgos físicos distintivos, incluyendo una constitución robusta y características faciales únicas.

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