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Ciencias ACT - Vida animal y evolución

Aquí aprenderás algunas palabras en inglés relacionadas con la vida animal y la evolución, como "endémico", "diurno", "toxicidad", etc. que te ayudarán a sobresalir en tus ACT.

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ACT Vocabulary for Science
insectivore
[Sustantivo]

an animal that primarily feeds on insects or other small invertebrates

insectívoro, comedor de insectos

insectívoro, comedor de insectos

carnivorous
[Adjetivo]

(of plants or animals) feeding on the meat or flesh of other animals

carnívoro

carnívoro

Ex: Some species of birds , like eagles and hawks , carnivorous and hunt small mammals and birds .Algunas especies de aves, como las águilas y los halcones, son **carnívoras** y cazan pequeños mamíferos y aves.
herbivorous
[Adjetivo]

(of an animal) solely feeding on plants

herbívoro

herbívoro

Ex: Caterpillars herbivorous larvae that feed on the leaves of plants before metamorphosing into butterflies or moths .Las orugas son larvas **herbívoras** que se alimentan de las hojas de las plantas antes de transformarse en mariposas o polillas.
heterotroph
[Sustantivo]

an organism that cannot produce its own food and must obtain energy by consuming other organisms or organic matter

heterótrofo, organismo heterótrofo

heterótrofo, organismo heterótrofo

Ex: The study focused on the feeding habits heterotrophs in various aquatic environments .El estudio se centró en los hábitos alimenticios de los **heterótrofos** en varios entornos acuáticos.
detritivore
[Sustantivo]

an organism that breaks down and feeds on dead organic matter, such as decaying plant and animal material

detritívoro, organismo detritívoro

detritívoro, organismo detritívoro

parasitic
[Adjetivo]

relating to organisms that live on or inside other organisms, benefiting at the expense of their hosts

parasitario, parásito

parasitario, parásito

Ex: Parasitic fungi , like the cordyceps fungus , infect insects and alter their behavior to aid in their own reproduction .Los hongos **parásitos**, como el hongo cordyceps, infectan a los insectos y alteran su comportamiento para ayudar en su propia reproducción.
endothermic
[Adjetivo]

(of an animal) generating and regulating their own body heat internally

endotérmico, de sangre caliente

endotérmico, de sangre caliente

arousal
[Sustantivo]

the process of waking up or becoming active and alert, often influenced by environmental stimuli or internal biological rhythms

despertar, activación

despertar, activación

Ex: arousal response in mammals can be rapid , allowing them to react quickly to potential threats upon waking .La respuesta de **activación** en los mamíferos puede ser rápida, permitiéndoles reaccionar rápidamente a amenazas potenciales al despertar.

(of some animals or plants) to spend the winter sleeping deeply

hibernar

hibernar

Ex: Ground squirrels hibernate in their burrows, where they enter a state of deep torpor to survive the winter.Las ardillas terrestres **hibernan** en sus madrigueras, donde entran en un estado de letargo profundo para sobrevivir al invierno.
venom
[Sustantivo]

the poisonous substance produced by some snakes, scorpions, or spiders to kill their prey or to defend themselves from predators

veneno

veneno

Ex: The doctor administered an antivenom to counteract the effects of the snakevenom.El médico administró un antiveneno para contrarrestar los efectos del **veneno** de la serpiente.
toxicity
[Sustantivo]

the harmful effects or potential for harm caused by a substance to living organisms or the environment

toxicidad

toxicidad

Ex: The scientist developed a method for measuring toxicity of wastewater discharged into rivers .El científico desarrolló un método para medir la **toxicidad** de las aguas residuales vertidas en los ríos.
potency
[Sustantivo]

the capacity or ability of an organism, often referring to its genetic potential, reproductive success, or influence within its environment

la potencia, la capacidad

la potencia, la capacidad

Ex: Researchers study potency of certain traits to understand their impact on evolutionary fitness .Los investigadores estudian la **potencia** de ciertos rasgos para entender su impacto en la aptitud evolutiva.
habitat
[Sustantivo]

the place or area in which certain animals, birds, or plants naturally exist, lives, and grows

hábitat

hábitat

Ex: Cacti are well adapted to the habitat of the desert .Los cactus están bien adaptados al **hábitat** seco del desierto.
predatory
[Adjetivo]

(of wild animals) living by preying on other animals, especially live animals

depredador, predador

depredador, predador

Ex: The owlpredatory gaze followed the movement of a mouse on the forest floor .La mirada **depredadora** del búho seguía el movimiento de un ratón en el suelo del bosque.
ecosystem
[Sustantivo]

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

ecosistema

ecosistema

Ex: Climate change poses a major threat to many ecosystems.El cambio climático representa una gran amenaza para muchos **ecosistemas** frágiles.
diurnal
[Adjetivo]

primarily active or occurring during the daytime

diurno

diurno

Ex: Hikers diurnal adventures , taking advantage of daylight to explore trails and enjoy nature .Los excursionistas prefieren aventuras **diurnas**, aprovechando la luz del día para explorar senderos y disfrutar de la naturaleza.
nocturnal
[Adjetivo]

(of animals or organisms) primarily active during the night

nocturno

nocturno

Ex: Mosquitoes are nocturnal pests , becoming most active after dusk .Los mosquitos son plagas **nocturnas** notorias, volviéndose más activos después del anochecer.
crepuscular
[Adjetivo]

(of an animal) active during the twilight hours of dawn and dusk

crepuscular, vespertino

crepuscular, vespertino

Ex: Wildlife photographers set up their cameras before sunrise , eager to capture the elusive beauty crepuscular creatures in their natural habitats .Los fotógrafos de vida silvestre colocan sus cámaras antes del amanecer, ansiosos por capturar la belleza esquiva de las criaturas **crepusculares** en sus hábitats naturales.

to bring up partially digested food from the stomach back into the mouth, often to feed young or as part of the digestive process

regurgitar, devolver

regurgitar, devolver

Ex: Insects like regurgitate nectar to produce honey for their hive .Los insectos como las abejas **regurgitan** el néctar para producir miel para su colmena.
endoskeleton
[Sustantivo]

the internal bony structure of an animal that gives it form and supports its weight

endoesqueleto

endoesqueleto

exoskeleton
[Sustantivo]

the hard outer covering that supports the body of an animal, such as an arthropod

exoesqueleto

exoesqueleto

Ex: A grasshopperexoskeleton allows it to jump long distances .El **exoesqueleto** de un saltamontes le permite saltar largas distancias.
extinct
[Adjetivo]

(of an animal, plant, etc.) not having any living members, either due to natural causes, environmental changes, or human activity

extinto

extinto

Ex: Conservation efforts aim to protect endangered species and prevent them from extinct.Los esfuerzos de conservación tienen como objetivo proteger las especies en peligro de extinción y evitar que se vuelvan **extintas**.
de-extinction
[Sustantivo]

the process of bringing extinct species back to life through scientific methods

desextinción, resurrección de especies

desextinción, resurrección de especies

domesticated
[Adjetivo]

(of a wild animal) tamed and adapted to live with or to the benefit of humans

domesticado

domesticado

Ex: Livestock such as cows, sheep, and goats are domesticated animals raised for food production and other purposes.El ganado como vacas, ovejas y cabras son animales **domesticados** criados para la producción de alimentos y otros propósitos.
conservation
[Sustantivo]

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

conservación

conservación

Ex: Many organizations focus on conservation to prevent species from becoming extinct .Muchas organizaciones se centran en la **conservación** de la vida silvestre para evitar que las especies se extingan.
cloning
[Sustantivo]

the scientific process of creating an identical or near-identical copy of a living organism, cell, or DNA sequence through asexual reproduction or genetic engineering techniques

clonación

clonación

Ex: Dolly the sheep was the first mammal created cloning.Dolly la oveja fue el primer mamífero creado mediante **clonación**.
evolutionary
[Adjetivo]

related to evolution or the slow and gradual development of something

evolutivo

evolutivo

Ex: evolutionary relationship between species can be inferred through comparative anatomy and DNA analysis .La relación **evolutiva** entre especies puede inferirse a través de la anatomía comparada y el análisis de ADN.
subspecies
[Sustantivo]

a taxonomic rank below species that represents a distinct population within a species, exhibiting consistent differences from other populations

subespecie, raza

subespecie, raza

primitive
[Adjetivo]

characteristic of an early stage of human or animal evolution

primitivo

primitivo

Ex: The island 's ecosystem still primitive species that have remained unchanged for centuries .El ecosistema de la isla todavía contiene especies **primitivas** que han permanecido sin cambios durante siglos.
endangered
[Adjetivo]

(of an animal, plant, etc.) being at risk of extinction

en peligro de extinción

en peligro de extinción

Ex: Climate change poses a significant threat to many endangered species by altering their habitats and food sources.El cambio climático representa una amenaza significativa para muchas especies **en peligro** al alterar sus hábitats y fuentes de alimento.
endemic
[Adjetivo]

found or restricted to a specific geographic region or habitat

endémico

endémico

Ex: endemic species of fish is only found in the freshwater lakes of the mountain range .La especie de pez **endémica** solo se encuentra en los lagos de agua dulce de la cordillera.
mastodon
[Sustantivo]

an extinct large, elephant-like mammal with long, curved tusks and a body covered in hair, which lived during the Pleistocene epoch

mastodonte, mastodón

mastodonte, mastodón

Ex: Mastodons, unlike mammoths , had straighter tusks and different dental structures suited to their diet .Los **mastodontes**, a diferencia de los mamuts, tenían colmillos más rectos y estructuras dentales diferentes adaptadas a su dieta.
neanderthal
[Sustantivo]

an extinct hominid species closely related to modern humans, characterized by a robust build and distinctive facial features, that lived in Europe and parts of Asia until approximately 40,000 years ago

Neandertal, Hombre de Neandertal

Neandertal, Hombre de Neandertal

Ex: Neanderthals lived approximately 40,000 years ago and became extinct during the Pleistocene epoch .Los **neandertales** vivieron hace aproximadamente 40.000 años y se extinguieron durante la época del Pleistoceno.
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