pattern

Természettudományok ACT - Az állatok élete és evolúciója

Itt megtanulhat néhány angol szót, amelyek az állatok életével és evolúciójával kapcsolatosak, például "endémikus", "napi", "toxicitás" stb., amelyek segítenek az ACT-ben.

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ACT Vocabulary for Science
insectivore
[Főnév]

an animal that primarily feeds on insects or other small invertebrates

rovarfogyasztó, insectivor

rovarfogyasztó, insectivor

carnivorous
[melléknév]

(of plants or animals) feeding on the meat or flesh of other animals

húsevő, ragadozó

húsevő, ragadozó

Ex: Some species of birds , like eagles and hawks , carnivorous and hunt small mammals and birds .
herbivorous
[melléknév]

(of an animal) solely feeding on plants

növényevő, növényfaló

növényevő, növényfaló

Ex: Caterpillars herbivorous larvae that feed on the leaves of plants before metamorphosing into butterflies or moths .
heterotroph
[Főnév]

an organism that cannot produce its own food and must obtain energy by consuming other organisms or organic matter

heterotróf, heterotrof

heterotróf, heterotrof

Ex: The study focused on the feeding habits heterotrophs in various aquatic environments .
detritivore
[Főnév]

an organism that breaks down and feeds on dead organic matter, such as decaying plant and animal material

detritivor, detritívorevő

detritivor, detritívorevő

parasitic
[melléknév]

relating to organisms that live on or inside other organisms, benefiting at the expense of their hosts

parazita, élősködő

parazita, élősködő

Ex: Parasitic fungi , like the cordyceps fungus , infect insects and alter their behavior to aid in their own reproduction .
endothermic
[melléknév]

(of an animal) generating and regulating their own body heat internally

endotermikus, belső hőmérséklet-szabályozó

endotermikus, belső hőmérséklet-szabályozó

arousal
[Főnév]

the process of waking up or becoming active and alert, often influenced by environmental stimuli or internal biological rhythms

ébredés, felélénkülés

ébredés, felélénkülés

Ex: arousal response in mammals can be rapid , allowing them to react quickly to potential threats upon waking .

(of some animals or plants) to spend the winter sleeping deeply

téli álmot alszik, hibernál

téli álmot alszik, hibernál

Ex: Ground squirrels hibernate in their burrows, where they enter a state of deep torpor to survive the winter.
venom
[Főnév]

the poisonous substance produced by some snakes, scorpions, or spiders to kill their prey or to defend themselves from predators

mérg, toxikus anyag

mérg, toxikus anyag

Ex: The doctor administered an antivenom to counteract the effects of the snakevenom.
toxicity
[Főnév]

the harmful effects or potential for harm caused by a substance to living organisms or the environment

toxicitás, mérgezőség

toxicitás, mérgezőség

Ex: The scientist developed a method for measuring toxicity of wastewater discharged into rivers .
potency
[Főnév]

the capacity or ability of an organism, often referring to its genetic potential, reproductive success, or influence within its environment

potencia, hatékonyság

potencia, hatékonyság

Ex: Researchers study potency of certain traits to understand their impact on evolutionary fitness .
habitat
[Főnév]

the place or area in which certain animals, birds, or plants naturally exist, lives, and grows

élőhely, habitat

élőhely, habitat

Ex: Cacti are well adapted to the habitat of the desert .
predatory
[melléknév]

(of wild animals) living by preying on other animals, especially live animals

ragadozó, predátor

ragadozó, predátor

Ex: The owlpredatory gaze followed the movement of a mouse on the forest floor .
ecosystem
[Főnév]

a community of living organisms together with their physical environment, interacting as a system

ökológiai rendszer, ökológiai közösség

ökológiai rendszer, ökológiai közösség

Ex: Climate change poses a major threat to many ecosystems.
diurnal
[melléknév]

primarily active or occurring during the daytime

nappali, nappali aktivitású

nappali, nappali aktivitású

Ex: Hikers diurnal adventures , taking advantage of daylight to explore trails and enjoy nature .
nocturnal
[melléknév]

(of animals or organisms) primarily active during the night

éjszakai, éjszakai életmódú

éjszakai, éjszakai életmódú

Ex: Mosquitoes are nocturnal pests , becoming most active after dusk .
crepuscular
[melléknév]

(of an animal) active during the twilight hours of dawn and dusk

szürkületi, alkonyati

szürkületi, alkonyati

Ex: Wildlife photographers set up their cameras before sunrise , eager to capture the elusive beauty crepuscular creatures in their natural habitats .

to bring up partially digested food from the stomach back into the mouth, often to feed young or as part of the digestive process

visszaöklendez, felöklendez

visszaöklendez, felöklendez

Ex: Insects like regurgitate nectar to produce honey for their hive .
endoskeleton
[Főnév]

the internal bony structure of an animal that gives it form and supports its weight

belső csontváz, endoskeleton

belső csontváz, endoskeleton

exoskeleton
[Főnév]

the hard outer covering that supports the body of an animal, such as an arthropod

külső váz, exoskeleton

külső váz, exoskeleton

Ex: A grasshopperexoskeleton allows it to jump long distances .
extinct
[melléknév]

(of an animal, plant, etc.) not having any living members, either due to natural causes, environmental changes, or human activity

kihalt, eltűnt

kihalt, eltűnt

Ex: Conservation efforts aim to protect endangered species and prevent them from extinct.
de-extinction
[Főnév]

the process of bringing extinct species back to life through scientific methods

de-extinkció, kibővítés

de-extinkció, kibővítés

domesticated
[melléknév]

(of a wild animal) tamed and adapted to live with or to the benefit of humans

haziasított, kulturált

haziasított, kulturált

Ex: Livestock such as cows, sheep, and goats are domesticated animals raised for food production and other purposes.
conservation
[Főnév]

the protection of the natural environment and resources from wasteful human activities

környezetvédelem, természetvédelem

környezetvédelem, természetvédelem

Ex: Many organizations focus on conservation to prevent species from becoming extinct .
cloning
[Főnév]

the scientific process of creating an identical or near-identical copy of a living organism, cell, or DNA sequence through asexual reproduction or genetic engineering techniques

klónozás, klónozás folyamata

klónozás, klónozás folyamata

Ex: Dolly the sheep was the first mammal created cloning.
evolutionary
[melléknév]

related to evolution or the slow and gradual development of something

evolúciós, evolúcióval kapcsolatos

evolúciós, evolúcióval kapcsolatos

Ex: evolutionary relationship between species can be inferred through comparative anatomy and DNA analysis .
subspecies
[Főnév]

a taxonomic rank below species that represents a distinct population within a species, exhibiting consistent differences from other populations

alfaj, alkategória

alfaj, alkategória

primitive
[melléknév]

characteristic of an early stage of human or animal evolution

primitív, kezdetleges

primitív, kezdetleges

Ex: The island 's ecosystem still primitive species that have remained unchanged for centuries .
endangered
[melléknév]

(of an animal, plant, etc.) being at risk of extinction

veszélyeztetett, kihalásra ítélt

veszélyeztetett, kihalásra ítélt

Ex: Climate change poses a significant threat to many endangered species by altering their habitats and food sources.
endemic
[melléknév]

found or restricted to a specific geographic region or habitat

endemikus, helyi

endemikus, helyi

Ex: endemic species of fish is only found in the freshwater lakes of the mountain range .
mastodon
[Főnév]

an extinct large, elephant-like mammal with long, curved tusks and a body covered in hair, which lived during the Pleistocene epoch

masztodon, mastodon

masztodon, mastodon

Ex: Mastodons, unlike mammoths , had straighter tusks and different dental structures suited to their diet .
neanderthal
[Főnév]

an extinct hominid species closely related to modern humans, characterized by a robust build and distinctive facial features, that lived in Europe and parts of Asia until approximately 40,000 years ago

neandervölgyi, neandervölgyi ember

neandervölgyi, neandervölgyi ember

Ex: Neanderthals lived approximately 40,000 years ago and became extinct during the Pleistocene epoch .
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