Vocabulary for IELTS Academic (Band 8-9) - Government

the speech delivered by a newly elected President of the United States at their swearing-in ceremony, articulating their plans for their term in office

a formal ceremony at which a person is admitted to office

an economic system where success in business is determined by close relationships between businesspeople and government officials, rather than market competition

a politician who appeals to the desires and prejudices of ordinary people instead of valid arguments in order to gain support

a person or group of people who are often employed by politicians, public figures, or the government in order to shape the public opinion in their favor

the governing body of a town or city

a union or league of political entities or organizations, often for common purposes

an understanding or agreement between nations, often informal and less binding than a formal alliance

a form of government in which corrupt leaders use their power to exploit the country's resources for personal gain

the supreme authority of a state or governing body to govern itself without interference from external forces

to formally approve a decision, action, etc., typically through an official process or legal means

to officially start or introduce something

to suspend a legislative session by executive authority without dissolving the assembly

to transfer or delegate responsibility, authority, or a specific matter to a particular individual, group, or entity

to enforce a type of payment, such as fees, taxes, or fines and collect them

the authority or right to forbid or reject an action, often by a head of state or executive

to provide financial support, typically from the government or an organization, to help reduce the cost of goods, services, or certain activities

a political system in which a small group of high-powered people control a country or organization

a form of government or society in which power is held and influenced primarily by the wealthy or a small privileged class

to transfer decision-making or administrative power from a central authority to local or regional entities

to place under the authority or jurisdiction of a federal government