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Umanistiche SAT - Letteratura e Cultura

Qui imparerai alcune parole inglesi relative alla letteratura e alla cultura, come "estratto", "strofa", "melodrammatico", ecc., che ti serviranno per superare i tuoi SAT.

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SAT Vocabulary for Humanities
prose
[sostantivo]

spoken or written language in its usual form, in contrast to poetry

prosa

prosa

Ex: The author 's mastery of prose evoked vivid imagery and emotional resonance , immersing readers in the world of her storytelling .La padronanza della **prosa** da parte dell'autore ha evocato immagini vivide e risonanza emotiva, immergendo i lettori nel mondo della sua narrazione.
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free verse
[sostantivo]

a type of verse without rhyme that has an irregular rhythm

versetto libero

versetto libero

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stanza
[sostantivo]

a series of lines in a poem, usually with recurring rhyme scheme and meter

strofa

strofa

Ex: The stanza's rhyme scheme was ABAB , giving the poem a rhythmic flow .
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sonnet
[sostantivo]

a verse of Italian origin that has 14 lines, usually in an iambic pentameter and a prescribed rhyme scheme

sonetto

sonetto

Ex: She wrote a sonnet for her literature class , following the traditional 14-line structure .Ha scritto un **sonetto** per la sua classe di letteratura, seguendo la tradizionale struttura di 14 righe.
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ballad
[sostantivo]

a tale that is narrated in the form of a song or poem

ballata

ballata

Ex: The ballad's haunting melody and evocative lyrics made it a favorite among fans of traditional music .La melodia suggestiva e i testi evocativi della **ballata** l'hanno resa una preferita tra i fan della musica tradizionale.
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protagonist
[sostantivo]

the main character in a movie, novel, TV show, etc.

protagonista

protagonista

Ex: The protagonist's quest for redemption and forgiveness forms the emotional core of the narrative , resonating with audiences on a deeply human level .La ricerca di redenzione e perdono del **protagonista** costituisce il nucleo emotivo della narrazione, risuonando con il pubblico a un livello profondamente umano.
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heroine
[sostantivo]

the main female character in a story, book, film, etc., typically known for great qualities

eroina

eroina

Ex: The story is about a heroine who fights evil with her magical powers .La storia parla di un'**eroina** che combatte il male con i suoi poteri magici.
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allegory
[sostantivo]

a story, poem, etc. in which the characters and events are used as symbols to convey moral or political lessons

allegoria

allegoria

Ex: The children 's book uses an allegory to teach lessons about friendship and teamwork through a story about a group of animals working together .Il libro per bambini utilizza un'**allegoria** per insegnare lezioni sull'amicizia e il lavoro di squadra attraverso una storia su un gruppo di animali che lavorano insieme.
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the use of words and expressions that are not meant to be taken literally, but rather to create a vivid, imaginative image or effect in the reader's mind

linguaggio figurativo, linguaggio immaginifico

linguaggio figurativo, linguaggio immaginifico

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antimetabole
[sostantivo]

a literary and rhetorical device that involves repeating words or phrases in successive clauses or sentences, but in reverse order

antimetabole, chiasmo

antimetabole, chiasmo

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personification
[sostantivo]

a literary device where human qualities or characteristics are attributed to non-human entities, objects, or ideas

personificazione

personificazione

Ex: She used personification to depict the flowers as dancing in the breeze .Ha usato la **personificazione** per raffigurare i fiori che danzano nella brezza.
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allusion
[sostantivo]

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

allusione

allusione

Ex: The poet 's allusion to Icarus served as a cautionary tale about the dangers of overambition and hubris .L'**allusione** del poeta a Icaro è servita come un monito sui pericoli dell'ambizione eccessiva e della hybris.
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pun
[sostantivo]

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

freddura

freddura

Ex: The pun in the advertisement was so funny that it went viral on social media .Il **gioco di parole** nella pubblicità era così divertente che è diventato virale sui social media.
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metaphor
[sostantivo]

a figure of speech that compares two unrelated things to highlight their similarities and convey a deeper meaning

metafora

metafora

Ex: Her speech was filled with powerful metaphors that moved the audience .Il suo discorso era pieno di potenti **metafore** che hanno commosso il pubblico.
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simile
[sostantivo]

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

similitudine

similitudine

Ex: The poet 's use of a simile comparing the stars to diamonds in the sky adds a touch of beauty and sparkle to the nighttime landscape .L'uso da parte del poeta di una **similitudine** che paragona le stelle a diamanti nel cielo aggiunge un tocco di bellezza e scintillio al paesaggio notturno.
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irony
[sostantivo]

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

ironia

ironia

Ex: Through irony, she pointed out the flaws in their logic without directly insulting them .Attraverso **l'ironia**, ha sottolineato i difetti nella loro logica senza insultarli direttamente.
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tone
[sostantivo]

the general manner or attitude of the author in a literary work

tono

tono

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canon
[sostantivo]

a recognized collection of authoritative books, texts, or works within a particular field or tradition, especially in religion

canone

canone

Ex: " The Great Gatsby " by F. Scott Fitzgerald is often included in the canon of American literature ."The Great Gatsby" di F. Scott Fitzgerald è spesso incluso nel **canone** della letteratura americana.
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marginalia
[sostantivo]

marks and notes written in the margins of a book or document

marginalia

marginalia

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memoir
[sostantivo]

a written account of a person's own life experiences or a particular period in their life

memoria, autobiografia

memoria, autobiografia

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autobiography
[sostantivo]

the story of the life of a person, written by the same person

autobiografia

autobiografia

Ex: The autobiography provided a unique perspective on the civil rights movement .L'**autobiografia** ha fornito una prospettiva unica sul movimento per i diritti civili.
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graphic novel
[sostantivo]

a book that combines illustrations and storytelling to convey a narrative, often in a sequential art format

romanzo grafico

romanzo grafico

Ex: She discovered a graphic novel series that explores historical events .Ha scoperto una serie di **romanzi grafici** che esplora eventi storici.
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dime novel
[sostantivo]

a cheap paperback novel often featuring an adventure or melodramatic story

dime romanzo

dime romanzo

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backstory
[sostantivo]

the events that have happened to a character before their story in a book, movie, etc. begins

retroscena

retroscena

Ex: The video game 's immersive storyline included optional quests that allowed players to uncover hidden aspects of the protagonist 's backstory.La trama coinvolgente del videogioco includeva missioni opzionali che permettevano ai giocatori di scoprire aspetti nascosti del **retroscena** del protagonista.
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anthology
[sostantivo]

a collection of selected writings by various authors, often on a similar theme or subject

antologia, raccolta

antologia, raccolta

Ex: Students studied an anthology of plays by Shakespeare for their literature class .Gli studenti hanno studiato un'**antologia** di opere di Shakespeare per il loro corso di letteratura.
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ghostwriter
[sostantivo]

an author whose work is published under someone else's name

scrittore fantasma

scrittore fantasma

Ex: The ghostwriter's name remained confidential while the author 's name was on the cover .Il nome del **ghostwriter** è rimasto riservato mentre il nome dell'autore era sulla copertina.
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manuscript
[sostantivo]

a written document, book, or musical composition created by hand rather than being produced using a typewriter or printing press

manoscritto, documento scritto a mano

manoscritto, documento scritto a mano

Ex: Before the printing press was invented , monks painstakingly copied manuscripts by hand in scriptoriums .Prima che fosse inventata la stampa, i monaci copiavano meticolosamente i **manoscritti** a mano negli scriptoria.
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scroll
[sostantivo]

a roll of parchment, paper, or other material containing writing or images, often used for historical or religious texts

pergamena, rotolo

pergamena, rotolo

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burlesque
[sostantivo]

an absurd or comically exaggerated replication of a literary or dramatic work

farsa

farsa

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satirical
[aggettivo]

intending to mock, ridicule, or criticize a person, group, or society in a humorous or exaggerated way

satirico, ironico

satirico, ironico

Ex: The film used satirical elements to challenge social norms .Il film ha utilizzato elementi **satirici** per sfidare le norme sociali.
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melodramatic
[aggettivo]

exaggerated or overly emotional in a theatrical or sensational way

melodrammatico, teatrale

melodrammatico, teatrale

Ex: The teenager 's diary entries were filled with melodramatic accounts of daily challenges and triumphs .Le voci del diario dell'adolescente erano piene di resoconti **melodrammatici** delle sfide e dei trionfi quotidiani.
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to excerpt
[Verbo]

to select and extract a passage, segment, or portion from a larger text, usually for reference or quotation

estrarre, selezionare

estrarre, selezionare

Ex: The teacher asked the students to excerpt relevant paragraphs from the textbook for their essays .L'insegnante ha chiesto agli studenti di **estrarre** paragrafi pertinenti dal libro di testo per i loro saggi.
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to turn real events or situations into a tale or story, often by changing or adding to the details

romanzare

romanzare

Ex: Authors often fictionalize distant memories to explore deeper emotional truths in their writing .Gli autori spesso **romanzano** ricordi lontani per esplorare verità emotive più profonde nella loro scrittura.
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glyph
[sostantivo]

a specific graphical representation or shape of a character or symbol within a writing system

glifo, carattere grafico

glifo, carattere grafico

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interjection
[sostantivo]

(grammar) a phrase or word used suddenly to express a particular emotion

interiezione

interiezione

Ex: During the debate , the speaker highlighted the importance of interjection in conveying emotions in speech .Durante il dibattito, l'oratore ha sottolineato l'importanza dell'**interiezione** nel trasmettere emozioni nel discorso.
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syntax
[sostantivo]

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

sintassi

sintassi

Ex: Syntax analysis helps in identifying how sentence elements like nouns , verbs , and adjectives interact within a given linguistic framework .
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dialect
[sostantivo]

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

dialetto

dialetto

Ex: Linguists study dialects to better understand language variation and change , as well as the social and cultural factors that shape linguistic diversity .
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intonation
[sostantivo]

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

intonazione

intonazione

Ex: Intonation is an important aspect of spoken language that helps listeners interpret the speaker 's attitude , mood , and intention , contributing to effective communication .**L'intonazione** è un aspetto importante del linguaggio parlato che aiuta gli ascoltatori a interpretare l'atteggiamento, l'umore e l'intenzione del parlante, contribuendo a una comunicazione efficace.
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acronym
[sostantivo]

a word formed from the initial letters of a phrase, pronounced as a single word

acronimo, sigla

acronimo, sigla

Ex: The company name was created as an acronym from its founders ' initials .Il nome dell'azienda è stato creato come un **acronimo** dalle iniziali dei suoi fondatori.
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initialism
[sostantivo]

a type of abbreviation where the first letter of each word in a phrase or name is used to form a pronounceable acronym-like string of letters

sigla, acronimo

sigla, acronimo

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etymology
[sostantivo]

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

etimologia

etimologia

Ex: The etymology of " amplify " reveals its roots in Latin " amplus , " meaning large or spacious .L'**etimologia** di "amplificare" rivela le sue radici nel latino "amplus", che significa grande o spazioso.
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linguist
[sostantivo]

an expert in the study of language, examining its structure, development, and cultural aspects

linguista

linguista

Ex: Linguists contribute to language preservation efforts , documenting and revitalizing endangered languages .I **linguisti** contribuiscono agli sforzi di preservazione della lingua, documentando e rivitalizzando le lingue in pericolo.
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mythology
[sostantivo]

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

mitologia

mitologia

Ex: Many cultures around the world have their own mythology, which reflects their history , values , and worldview .Molte culture in tutto il mondo hanno la propria **mitologia**, che riflette la loro storia, valori e visione del mondo.
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chimera
[sostantivo]

a mythological creature in Greek mythology, typically depicted as a fire-breathing creature with the body and head of a lion, the head of a goat protruding from its back, and a serpent for a tail

chimera, creatura mitologica

chimera, creatura mitologica

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basilisk
[sostantivo]

a legendary reptile, often depicted as having a deadly gaze or venomous breath

basilisco, rettile leggendario

basilisco, rettile leggendario

Ex: The ancient texts warned of the basilisk's power , advising caution to those who dared to confront it .Gli antichi testi mettevano in guardia dal potere del **basilisco**, consigliando prudenza a coloro che osavano affrontarlo.
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folklore
[sostantivo]

the traditional beliefs, customs, stories, and legends of a particular community, usually passed down through generations by word of mouth

folclore, tradizioni popolari

folclore, tradizioni popolari

Ex: Folklore can also evolve over time , adapting to changes in society and incorporating new influences while retaining its essential character and meaning .Il **folklore** può anche evolversi nel tempo, adattandosi ai cambiamenti nella società e incorporando nuove influenze mantenendo il suo carattere e significato essenziali.
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custom
[sostantivo]

a way of behaving or of doing something that is widely accepted in a society or among a specific group of people

usanza

usanza

Ex: The custom of having afternoon tea is still popular in some parts of the UK .La **consuetudine** di prendere il tè pomeridiano è ancora popolare in alcune parti del Regno Unito.
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lore
[sostantivo]

collective knowledge, traditions, beliefs, and stories passed down within a culture or community, typically through storytelling

sapere, tradizione

sapere, tradizione

Ex: Exploring the lore of ancient civilizations helps archaeologists understand their societal structures and religious practices .Esplorare il **folclore** delle antiche civiltà aiuta gli archeologi a comprenderne le strutture sociali e le pratiche religiose.
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elegy
[sostantivo]

a song or poem expressing sadness, especially in the memory of a dead person or a bitter event in the past

elegia

elegia

Ex: Through the elegy, the poet found catharsis in expressing their grief and honoring the memory of the departed .Attraverso l'**elegia**, il poeta ha trovato catarsi nell'esprimere il suo dolore e nell'onorare la memoria del defunto.
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heritage
[sostantivo]

the customs, traditions, rituals, and behaviors that are inherited and preserved within a community or society over time

eredità, patrimonio

eredità, patrimonio

Ex: The city ’s heritage is reflected in its ancient buildings and festivals .L'**eredità** della città si riflette nei suoi antichi edifici e festival.
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subculture
[sostantivo]

a group within a larger culture that shares distinctive values, norms, and behaviors, often differing from those of the dominant culture

sottocultura, subcultura

sottocultura, subcultura

Ex: The punk subculture emerged in the 1970s as a rebellion against mainstream culture, with its distinctive music, fashion, and anti-establishment attitudes still prevalent among its followers today.La **subcultura** punk emerse negli anni '70 come una ribellione contro la cultura mainstream, con la sua musica, moda e atteggiamenti anti-establishment distintivi ancora prevalenti tra i suoi seguaci oggi.
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rebirth
[sostantivo]

a renewed period of growth, popularity, or significance, particularly in cultural, artistic, or economic contexts

rinascita, rinnovamento

rinascita, rinnovamento

Ex: The economic rebirth of the neighborhood came with new businesses and community initiatives .La **rinascita** economica del quartiere è arrivata con nuove attività e iniziative comunitarie.
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time-honored
[aggettivo]

(of traditions, practices, or customs) respected and followed for a long time because of their enduring value or significance

venerabile, tradizionale

venerabile, tradizionale

Ex: The library is a repository of time-honored literature that has shaped generations of readers .La biblioteca è un deposito di letteratura **antica e venerabile** che ha plasmato generazioni di lettori.
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