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人文学科SAT - 文学与文化

在这里,您将学习一些与文学和文化相关的英语单词,例如“excerpt”、“stanza”、“melodramatic”等,这些都是您在 SAT 考试中取得好成绩所需要的。

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SAT Vocabulary for Humanities
prose
[名词]

spoken or written language in its usual form, in contrast to poetry

散文, 散文体

散文, 散文体

Ex: The author 's mastery prose evoked vivid imagery and emotional resonance , immersing readers in the world of her storytelling .
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free verse
[名词]

a type of verse without rhyme that has an irregular rhythm

自由诗, 散文诗

自由诗, 散文诗

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stanza
[名词]

a series of lines in a poem, usually with recurring rhyme scheme and meter

节, 诗节

节, 诗节

Ex: stanza's rhyme scheme was ABAB , giving the poem a rhythmic flow .
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sonnet
[名词]

a verse of Italian origin that has 14 lines, usually in an iambic pentameter and a prescribed rhyme scheme

十四行诗, 宋内特

十四行诗, 宋内特

Ex: She wrote sonnet for her literature class , following the traditional 14-line structure .
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ballad
[名词]

a tale that is narrated in the form of a song or poem

叙事歌, 民谣

叙事歌, 民谣

Ex: ballad's haunting melody and evocative lyrics made it a favorite among fans of traditional music .
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protagonist
[名词]

the main character in a movie, novel, TV show, etc.

主角,  protagonist

主角, protagonist

Ex: protagonist's quest for redemption and forgiveness forms the emotional core of the narrative , resonating with audiences on a deeply human level .
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heroine
[名词]

the main female character in a story, book, film, etc., typically known for great qualities

女主角, 女英雄

女主角, 女英雄

Ex: The story is about heroine who fights evil with her magical powers .
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allegory
[名词]

a story, poem, etc. in which the characters and events are used as symbols to convey moral or political lessons

寓言, 象征故事

寓言, 象征故事

Ex: The children 's book uses allegory to teach lessons about friendship and teamwork through a story about a group of animals working together .
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the use of words and expressions that are not meant to be taken literally, but rather to create a vivid, imaginative image or effect in the reader's mind

比喻语言, 形象语言

比喻语言, 形象语言

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antimetabole
[名词]

a literary and rhetorical device that involves repeating words or phrases in successive clauses or sentences, but in reverse order

抗反复排比, 反复对称

抗反复排比, 反复对称

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a literary device where human qualities or characteristics are attributed to non-human entities, objects, or ideas

拟人化, 人格化

拟人化, 人格化

Ex: She personification to depict the flowers as dancing in the breeze .
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allusion
[名词]

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

典故, 暗示

典故, 暗示

Ex: The poetallusion to Icarus served as a cautionary tale about the dangers of overambition and hubris .
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pun
[名词]

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

双关语, 双关

双关语, 双关

Ex: pun in the advertisement was so funny that it went viral on social media .
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metaphor
[名词]

a figure of speech that compares two unrelated things to highlight their similarities and convey a deeper meaning

隐喻, 比喻

隐喻, 比喻

Ex: Her speech was filled with metaphors that moved the audience .
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simile
[名词]

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

明喻, 比喻

明喻, 比喻

Ex: The poet 's use of simile comparing the stars to diamonds in the sky adds a touch of beauty and sparkle to the nighttime landscape .
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irony
[名词]

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

讽刺, 反语

讽刺, 反语

Ex: irony, she pointed out the flaws in their logic without directly insulting them .
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tone
[名词]

the general manner or attitude of the author in a literary work

语调, 语气

语调, 语气

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canon
[名词]

a recognized collection of authoritative books, texts, or works within a particular field or tradition, especially in religion

正典, 经典著作

正典, 经典著作

Ex: " The Great Gatsby " by F. Scott Fitzgerald is often included in canon of American literature .
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marginalia
[名词]

marks and notes written in the margins of a book or document

边注, 边际注释

边注, 边际注释

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memoir
[名词]

a written account of a person's own life experiences or a particular period in their life

回忆录, 自传

回忆录, 自传

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the story of the life of a person, written by the same person

自传, 自传体

自传, 自传体

Ex: autobiography provided a unique perspective on the civil rights movement .
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a book that combines illustrations and storytelling to convey a narrative, often in a sequential art format

图像小说, 漫画小说

图像小说, 漫画小说

Ex: She discovered graphic novel series that explores historical events .
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dime novel
[名词]

a cheap paperback novel often featuring an adventure or melodramatic story

十美分小说, 便宜小说

十美分小说, 便宜小说

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backstory
[名词]

the events that have happened to a character before their story in a book, movie, etc. begins

背景故事, 角色背景

背景故事, 角色背景

Ex: The video game 's immersive storyline included optional quests that allowed players to uncover hidden aspects of the protagonistbackstory.
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anthology
[名词]

a collection of selected writings by various authors, often on a similar theme or subject

选集, 文集

选集, 文集

Ex: Students studied anthology of plays by Shakespeare for their literature class .
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ghostwriter
[名词]

an author whose work is published under someone else's name

代笔作家, 鬼写手

代笔作家, 鬼写手

Ex: ghostwriter's name remained confidential while the author 's name was on the cover .
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manuscript
[名词]

a written document, book, or musical composition created by hand rather than being produced using a typewriter or printing press

手稿, 原稿

手稿, 原稿

Ex: Before the printing press was invented , monks painstakingly manuscripts by hand in scriptoriums .
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scroll
[名词]

a roll of parchment, paper, or other material containing writing or images, often used for historical or religious texts

卷轴, 手卷

卷轴, 手卷

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burlesque
[名词]

an absurd or comically exaggerated replication of a literary or dramatic work

滑稽戏, 模仿剧

滑稽戏, 模仿剧

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satirical
[形容词]

intending to mock, ridicule, or criticize a person, group, or society in a humorous or exaggerated way

讽刺的, 戏谑的

讽刺的, 戏谑的

Ex: The film satirical elements to challenge social norms .
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melodramatic
[形容词]

exaggerated or overly emotional in a theatrical or sensational way

夸张的, 戏剧化的

夸张的, 戏剧化的

Ex: The teenager 's diary entries were filled melodramatic accounts of daily challenges and triumphs .
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to excerpt
[动词]

to select and extract a passage, segment, or portion from a larger text, usually for reference or quotation

摘录, 选录

摘录, 选录

Ex: The teacher asked the students excerpt relevant paragraphs from the textbook for their essays .
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to turn real events or situations into a tale or story, often by changing or adding to the details

虚构化, 虚构

虚构化, 虚构

Ex: Authors fictionalize distant memories to explore deeper emotional truths in their writing .
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glyph
[名词]

a specific graphical representation or shape of a character or symbol within a writing system

象形文字, 字符图形

象形文字, 字符图形

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interjection
[名词]

(grammar) a phrase or word used suddenly to express a particular emotion

感叹词, 插入语

感叹词, 插入语

Ex: During the debate , the speaker highlighted the importance interjection in conveying emotions in speech .
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syntax
[名词]

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

语法结构, 句法

语法结构, 句法

Ex: Syntax analysis helps in identifying how sentence elements like nouns , verbs , and adjectives interact within a given linguistic framework .
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dialect
[名词]

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

方言, 口音

方言, 口音

Ex: Linguists dialects to better understand language variation and change , as well as the social and cultural factors that shape linguistic diversity .
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intonation
[名词]

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

语调, 音调

语调, 音调

Ex: Intonation is an important aspect of spoken language that helps listeners interpret the speaker 's attitude , mood , and intention , contributing to effective communication .
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acronym
[名词]

a word formed from the initial letters of a phrase, pronounced as a single word

首字母缩略词, 缩略语

首字母缩略词, 缩略语

Ex: The company name was created as acronym from its founders ' initials .
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initialism
[名词]

a type of abbreviation where the first letter of each word in a phrase or name is used to form a pronounceable acronym-like string of letters

首字母缩写, 缩略词

首字母缩写, 缩略词

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etymology
[名词]

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

词源学, 词源

词源学, 词源

Ex: etymology of " amplify " reveals its roots in Latin " amplus , " meaning large or spacious .
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linguist
[名词]

an expert in the study of language, examining its structure, development, and cultural aspects

语言学家, 语言专家

语言学家, 语言专家

Ex: Linguists contribute to language preservation efforts , documenting and revitalizing endangered languages .
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mythology
[名词]

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

神话学, 神话体系

神话学, 神话体系

Ex: Many cultures around the world have their mythology, which reflects their history , values , and worldview .
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chimera
[名词]

a mythological creature in Greek mythology, typically depicted as a fire-breathing creature with the body and head of a lion, the head of a goat protruding from its back, and a serpent for a tail

奇美拉, 混合体

奇美拉, 混合体

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basilisk
[名词]

a legendary reptile, often depicted as having a deadly gaze or venomous breath

巴西利斯克, 蛇怪

巴西利斯克, 蛇怪

Ex: The ancient texts warned of basilisk's power , advising caution to those who dared to confront it .
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folklore
[名词]

the traditional beliefs, customs, stories, and legends of a particular community, usually passed down through generations by word of mouth

民俗, 民间传说

民俗, 民间传说

Ex: Folklore can also evolve over time , adapting to changes in society and incorporating new influences while retaining its essential character and meaning .
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custom
[名词]

a way of behaving or of doing something that is widely accepted in a society or among a specific group of people

习俗, 风俗

习俗, 风俗

Ex: custom of having afternoon tea is still popular in some parts of the UK .
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lore
[名词]

collective knowledge, traditions, beliefs, and stories passed down within a culture or community, typically through storytelling

传统知识, 文化传承

传统知识, 文化传承

Ex: Exploring lore of ancient civilizations helps archaeologists understand their societal structures and religious practices .
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elegy
[名词]

a song or poem expressing sadness, especially in the memory of a dead person or a bitter event in the past

挽歌, 哀歌

挽歌, 哀歌

Ex: Through elegy, the poet found catharsis in expressing their grief and honoring the memory of the departed .
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heritage
[名词]

the customs, traditions, rituals, and behaviors that are inherited and preserved within a community or society over time

遗产, 文化遗产

遗产, 文化遗产

Ex: The cityheritage is reflected in its ancient buildings and festivals .
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subculture
[名词]

a group within a larger culture that shares distinctive values, norms, and behaviors, often differing from those of the dominant culture

亚文化, 次文化

亚文化, 次文化

Ex: The punk subculture emerged in the 1970s as a rebellion against mainstream culture, with its distinctive music, fashion, and anti-establishment attitudes still prevalent among its followers today.
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rebirth
[名词]

a renewed period of growth, popularity, or significance, particularly in cultural, artistic, or economic contexts

再生, 复兴

再生, 复兴

Ex: The rebirth of the neighborhood came with new businesses and community initiatives .
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time-honored
[形容词]

(of traditions, practices, or customs) respected and followed for a long time because of their enduring value or significance

悠久的, 传统的

悠久的, 传统的

Ex: The library is a repository time-honored literature that has shaped generations of readers .
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人文学科SAT
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