人文学科SAT - 文学与文化

spoken or written language in its usual form, in contrast to poetry

散文

a type of verse without rhyme that has an irregular rhythm

自由诗

a series of lines in a poem, usually with recurring rhyme scheme and meter

阕

a verse of Italian origin that has 14 lines, usually in an iambic pentameter and a prescribed rhyme scheme

十四行诗

a tale that is narrated in the form of a song or poem

民谣

the main character in a movie, novel, TV show, etc.

主角（电影）

the main female character in a story, book, film, etc., typically known for great qualities

女英雄

a story, poem, etc. in which the characters and events are used as symbols to convey moral or political lessons

寓言

the use of words and expressions that are not meant to be taken literally, but rather to create a vivid, imaginative image or effect in the reader's mind

比喻语言

a literary and rhetorical device that involves repeating words or phrases in successive clauses or sentences, but in reverse order

抗代谢物

the practice of attributing human characteristics to abstract ideas, objects, etc. in literature or art

拟人

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

典故

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

俏皮话

a figure of speech that compares two unrelated things to highlight their similarities and convey a deeper meaning

隐喻

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

明喻（文学）

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

讽刺

the general manner or attitude of the author in a literary work

音

a recognized collection of authoritative books, texts, or works within a particular field or tradition, especially in religion

作品集（宗教）

marks and notes written in the margins of a book or document

札记

a written account of a person's own life experiences or a particular period in their life

传记

the story of the life of a person, written by the same person

自传

a book that combines illustrations and storytelling to convey a narrative, often in a sequential art format

图画小说

a cheap paperback novel often featuring an adventure or melodramatic story

一毛钱小说

the events that have happened to a character before their story in a book, movie, etc. begins

背景故事

a collection of selected writings by various authors, often on a similar theme or subject

选集

an author whose work is published under someone else's name

代笔作家

a written document, book, or musical composition created by hand rather than being produced using a typewriter or printing press

手稿

a roll of parchment, paper, or other material containing writing or images, often used for historical or religious texts

卷轴

an absurd or comically exaggerated replication of a literary or dramatic work

讽刺

intending to mock, ridicule, or criticize a person, group, or society in a humorous or exaggerated way

讽刺的

exaggerated or overly emotional in a theatrical or sensational way

过于情绪化或夸张

to select and extract a passage, segment, or portion from a larger text, usually for reference or quotation

摘抄

to turn real events or situations into a tale or story, often by changing or adding to the details

虚构化

a specific graphical representation or shape of a character or symbol within a writing system

字形

(grammar) a phrase or word used suddenly to express a particular emotion

欹

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

语法（语言学）

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

方言

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

语调（语音学）

an abbreviation formed from the initial letters of a group of words, which can be pronounced as a word

缩写词

a type of abbreviation where the first letter of each word in a phrase or name is used to form a pronounceable acronym-like string of letters

首字母主义

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

词源

an expert in the study of language, examining its structure, development, and cultural aspects

语言学家

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

神话

a mythological creature in Greek mythology, typically depicted as a fire-breathing creature with the body and head of a lion, the head of a goat protruding from its back, and a serpent for a tail

嵌合体

a legendary reptile, often depicted as having a deadly gaze or venomous breath

蛇怪

the traditional beliefs, customs, stories, and legends of a particular community, usually passed down through generations by word of mouth

民俗学

a way of behaving or of doing something that is widely accepted in a society or among a specific group of people

习俗

collective knowledge, traditions, beliefs, and stories passed down within a culture or community, typically through storytelling

知识

a song or poem expressing sadness, especially in the memory of a dead person or a bitter event in the past

挽歌

the customs, traditions, rituals, and behaviors that are inherited and preserved within a community or society over time

遗产

a group within a larger culture that shares distinctive values, norms, and behaviors, often differing from those of the dominant culture

亚文化

a renewed period of growth, popularity, or significance, particularly in cultural, artistic, or economic contexts

新生

(of traditions, practices, or customs) respected and followed for a long time because of their enduring value or significance

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