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Humanidades SAT - Literatura e Cultura

Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês relacionadas à literatura e cultura, como "trecho", "estrofe", "melodramático", etc., que você precisará para se sair bem nos seus SATs.

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SAT Vocabulary for Humanities
prose
[substantivo]

spoken or written language in its usual form, in contrast to poetry

prosa

prosa

Ex: The author 's mastery of prose evoked vivid imagery and emotional resonance , immersing readers in the world of her storytelling .O domínio da **prosa** pela autora evocou imagens vívidas e ressonância emocional, imergindo os leitores no mundo de sua narrativa.
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free verse
[substantivo]

a type of verse without rhyme that has an irregular rhythm

verso livre, poesia livre

verso livre, poesia livre

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stanza
[substantivo]

a series of lines in a poem, usually with recurring rhyme scheme and meter

estrofe, estância

estrofe, estância

Ex: The stanza's rhyme scheme was ABAB , giving the poem a rhythmic flow .
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sonnet
[substantivo]

a verse of Italian origin that has 14 lines, usually in an iambic pentameter and a prescribed rhyme scheme

soneto, poema de catorze versos

soneto, poema de catorze versos

Ex: She wrote a sonnet for her literature class , following the traditional 14-line structure .Ela escreveu um **soneto** para sua aula de literatura, seguindo a estrutura tradicional de 14 linhas.
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ballad
[substantivo]

a tale that is narrated in the form of a song or poem

balada, canção narrativa

balada, canção narrativa

Ex: The ballad's haunting melody and evocative lyrics made it a favorite among fans of traditional music .A melodia cativante e as letras evocativas da **balada** a tornaram uma favorita entre os fãs de música tradicional.
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protagonist
[substantivo]

the main character in a movie, novel, TV show, etc.

personagem principal, protagonista

personagem principal, protagonista

Ex: The protagonist's quest for redemption and forgiveness forms the emotional core of the narrative , resonating with audiences on a deeply human level .A busca do **protagonista** por redenção e perdão forma o núcleo emocional da narrativa, ressoando com o público em um nível profundamente humano.
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heroine
[substantivo]

the main female character in a story, book, film, etc., typically known for great qualities

heroína, protagonista feminina

heroína, protagonista feminina

Ex: The story is about a heroine who fights evil with her magical powers .A história é sobre uma **heroína** que luta contra o mal com seus poderes mágicos.
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allegory
[substantivo]

a story, poem, etc. in which the characters and events are used as symbols to convey moral or political lessons

alegoria, fábula

alegoria, fábula

Ex: The children 's book uses an allegory to teach lessons about friendship and teamwork through a story about a group of animals working together .O livro infantil usa uma **alegoria** para ensinar lições sobre amizade e trabalho em equipe através de uma história sobre um grupo de animais trabalhando juntos.
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figurative language
[substantivo]

the use of words and expressions that are not meant to be taken literally, but rather to create a vivid, imaginative image or effect in the reader's mind

linguagem figurada, linguagem imaginativa

linguagem figurada, linguagem imaginativa

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antimetabole
[substantivo]

a literary and rhetorical device that involves repeating words or phrases in successive clauses or sentences, but in reverse order

antimetábole, quiasmo

antimetábole, quiasmo

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personification
[substantivo]

a literary device where human qualities or characteristics are attributed to non-human entities, objects, or ideas

personificação, encarnação

personificação, encarnação

Ex: She used personification to depict the flowers as dancing in the breeze .Ela usou a **personificação** para retratar as flores dançando na brisa.
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allusion
[substantivo]

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

alusão, referência

alusão, referência

Ex: The poet 's allusion to Icarus served as a cautionary tale about the dangers of overambition and hubris .A **alusão** do poeta a Ícaro serviu como um conto de advertência sobre os perigos da ambição excessiva e da arrogância.
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pun
[substantivo]

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

trocadilho, jogo de palavras

trocadilho, jogo de palavras

Ex: The pun in the advertisement was so funny that it went viral on social media .O **trocadilho** no anúncio foi tão engraçado que se tornou viral nas redes sociais.
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metaphor
[substantivo]

a figure of speech that compares two unrelated things to highlight their similarities and convey a deeper meaning

metáfora, figura de linguagem

metáfora, figura de linguagem

Ex: Her speech was filled with powerful metaphors that moved the audience .O discurso dela estava repleto de **metáforas** poderosas que comoveram o público.
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simile
[substantivo]

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

similitude, comparação

similitude, comparação

Ex: The poet 's use of a simile comparing the stars to diamonds in the sky adds a touch of beauty and sparkle to the nighttime landscape .O uso pelo poeta de um **símile** comparando as estrelas a diamantes no céu adiciona um toque de beleza e brilho à paisagem noturna.
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irony
[substantivo]

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

ironia

ironia

Ex: Through irony, she pointed out the flaws in their logic without directly insulting them .Através da **ironia**, ela apontou as falhas em sua lógica sem insultá-los diretamente.
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tone
[substantivo]

the general manner or attitude of the author in a literary work

tom, tonalidade

tom, tonalidade

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canon
[substantivo]

a recognized collection of authoritative books, texts, or works within a particular field or tradition, especially in religion

cânon

cânon

Ex: " The Great Gatsby " by F. Scott Fitzgerald is often included in the canon of American literature ."The Great Gatsby" de F. Scott Fitzgerald é frequentemente incluído no **cânon** da literatura americana.
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marginalia
[substantivo]

marks and notes written in the margins of a book or document

marginalia, notas marginais

marginalia, notas marginais

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memoir
[substantivo]

a written account of a person's own life experiences or a particular period in their life

memória, autobiografia

memória, autobiografia

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autobiography
[substantivo]

the story of the life of a person, written by the same person

autobiografia, memórias

autobiografia, memórias

Ex: The autobiography provided a unique perspective on the civil rights movement .A **autobiografia** proporcionou uma perspectiva única sobre o movimento dos direitos civis.
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graphic novel
[substantivo]

a book that combines illustrations and storytelling to convey a narrative, often in a sequential art format

romance gráfico, história em quadrinhos

romance gráfico, história em quadrinhos

Ex: She discovered a graphic novel series that explores historical events .Ela descobriu uma série de **romances gráficos** que explora eventos históricos.
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dime novel
[substantivo]

a cheap paperback novel often featuring an adventure or melodramatic story

romance barato, romance de aventura ou melodramático

romance barato, romance de aventura ou melodramático

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backstory
[substantivo]

the events that have happened to a character before their story in a book, movie, etc. begins

história passada, antecedentes

história passada, antecedentes

Ex: The video game 's immersive storyline included optional quests that allowed players to uncover hidden aspects of the protagonist 's backstory.A história imersiva do videogame incluía missões opcionais que permitiam aos jogadores descobrir aspectos ocultos do **passado** do protagonista.
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anthology
[substantivo]

a collection of selected writings by various authors, often on a similar theme or subject

antologia, coletânea

antologia, coletânea

Ex: Students studied an anthology of plays by Shakespeare for their literature class .Os alunos estudaram uma **antologia** de peças de Shakespeare para sua aula de literatura.
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ghostwriter
[substantivo]

an author whose work is published under someone else's name

escritor fantasma, negro literário

escritor fantasma, negro literário

Ex: The ghostwriter's name remained confidential while the author 's name was on the cover .O nome do **ghostwriter** permaneceu confidencial enquanto o nome do autor estava na capa.
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manuscript
[substantivo]

a written document, book, or musical composition created by hand rather than being produced using a typewriter or printing press

manuscrito, documento escrito à mão

manuscrito, documento escrito à mão

Ex: Before the printing press was invented , monks painstakingly copied manuscripts by hand in scriptoriums .Antes da invenção da imprensa, os monges copiavam meticulosamente **manuscritos** à mão nos scriptoriums.
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scroll
[substantivo]

a roll of parchment, paper, or other material containing writing or images, often used for historical or religious texts

pergaminho, rolo

pergaminho, rolo

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burlesque
[substantivo]

an absurd or comically exaggerated replication of a literary or dramatic work

paródia, burlesco

paródia, burlesco

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satirical
[adjetivo]

intending to mock, ridicule, or criticize a person, group, or society in a humorous or exaggerated way

satírico, irônico

satírico, irônico

Ex: The film used satirical elements to challenge social norms .O filme usou elementos **satíricos** para desafiar as normas sociais.
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melodramatic
[adjetivo]

exaggerated or overly emotional in a theatrical or sensational way

melodramático, exagerado

melodramático, exagerado

Ex: The teenager 's diary entries were filled with melodramatic accounts of daily challenges and triumphs .As entradas do diário do adolescente estavam cheias de relatos **melodramáticos** dos desafios e triunfos diários.
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to excerpt
[verbo]

to select and extract a passage, segment, or portion from a larger text, usually for reference or quotation

extrair, selecionar

extrair, selecionar

Ex: The teacher asked the students to excerpt relevant paragraphs from the textbook for their essays .O professor pediu aos alunos que **selecionassem** parágrafos relevantes do livro didático para seus ensaios.
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to turn real events or situations into a tale or story, often by changing or adding to the details

ficcionalizar, romancear

ficcionalizar, romancear

Ex: Authors often fictionalize distant memories to explore deeper emotional truths in their writing .Os autores frequentemente **ficcionalizam** memórias distantes para explorar verdades emocionais mais profundas em sua escrita.
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glyph
[substantivo]

a specific graphical representation or shape of a character or symbol within a writing system

glifo, caractere gráfico

glifo, caractere gráfico

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interjection
[substantivo]

(grammar) a phrase or word used suddenly to express a particular emotion

interjeição, exclamação

interjeição, exclamação

Ex: During the debate , the speaker highlighted the importance of interjection in conveying emotions in speech .Durante o debate, o orador destacou a importância da **interjeição** na transmissão de emoções no discurso.
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syntax
[substantivo]

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

sintaxe, estrutura gramatical

sintaxe, estrutura gramatical

Ex: Syntax analysis helps in identifying how sentence elements like nouns , verbs , and adjectives interact within a given linguistic framework .
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dialect
[substantivo]

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

dialeto, falares

dialeto, falares

Ex: Linguists study dialects to better understand language variation and change , as well as the social and cultural factors that shape linguistic diversity .
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intonation
[substantivo]

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

entonação

entonação

Ex: Intonation is an important aspect of spoken language that helps listeners interpret the speaker 's attitude , mood , and intention , contributing to effective communication .**A entonação** é um aspecto importante da linguagem falada que ajuda os ouvintes a interpretar a atitude, o humor e a intenção do falante, contribuindo para uma comunicação eficaz.
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acronym
[substantivo]

a word formed from the initial letters of a phrase, pronounced as a single word

acrônimo, sigla

acrônimo, sigla

Ex: The company name was created as an acronym from its founders ' initials .O nome da empresa foi criado como um **acrônimo** a partir das iniciais de seus fundadores.
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initialism
[substantivo]

a type of abbreviation where the first letter of each word in a phrase or name is used to form a pronounceable acronym-like string of letters

sigla, acrônimo

sigla, acrônimo

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etymology
[substantivo]

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

etimologia

etimologia

Ex: The etymology of " amplify " reveals its roots in Latin " amplus , " meaning large or spacious .A **etimologia** de "amplify" revela suas raízes no latim "amplus", significando grande ou espaçoso.
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linguist
[substantivo]

an expert in the study of language, examining its structure, development, and cultural aspects

linguista

linguista

Ex: Linguists contribute to language preservation efforts , documenting and revitalizing endangered languages .Os **linguistas** contribuem para os esforços de preservação da linguagem, documentando e revitalizando línguas ameaçadas.
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mythology
[substantivo]

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

mitologia

mitologia

Ex: Many cultures around the world have their own mythology, which reflects their history , values , and worldview .Muitas culturas ao redor do mundo têm sua própria **mitologia**, que reflete sua história, valores e visão de mundo.
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chimera
[substantivo]

a mythological creature in Greek mythology, typically depicted as a fire-breathing creature with the body and head of a lion, the head of a goat protruding from its back, and a serpent for a tail

quimera, criatura mitológica

quimera, criatura mitológica

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basilisk
[substantivo]

a legendary reptile, often depicted as having a deadly gaze or venomous breath

basilisco, réptil lendário

basilisco, réptil lendário

Ex: The ancient texts warned of the basilisk's power , advising caution to those who dared to confront it .Os textos antigos alertavam sobre o poder do **basilisco**, aconselhando cautela àqueles que ousavam confrontá-lo.
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folklore
[substantivo]

the traditional beliefs, customs, stories, and legends of a particular community, usually passed down through generations by word of mouth

folclore, tradições populares

folclore, tradições populares

Ex: Folklore can also evolve over time , adapting to changes in society and incorporating new influences while retaining its essential character and meaning .O **folclore** também pode evoluir com o tempo, adaptando-se às mudanças na sociedade e incorporando novas influências, mantendo seu caráter e significado essenciais.
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custom
[substantivo]

a way of behaving or of doing something that is widely accepted in a society or among a specific group of people

costume, tradição

costume, tradição

Ex: The custom of having afternoon tea is still popular in some parts of the UK .O **costume** de tomar chá da tarde ainda é popular em algumas partes do Reino Unido.
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lore
[substantivo]

collective knowledge, traditions, beliefs, and stories passed down within a culture or community, typically through storytelling

saber, tradição

saber, tradição

Ex: Exploring the lore of ancient civilizations helps archaeologists understand their societal structures and religious practices .Explorar o **folclore** das civilizações antigas ajuda os arqueólogos a entender suas estruturas sociais e práticas religiosas.
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elegy
[substantivo]

a song or poem expressing sadness, especially in the memory of a dead person or a bitter event in the past

elegia, canto fúnebre

elegia, canto fúnebre

Ex: Through the elegy, the poet found catharsis in expressing their grief and honoring the memory of the departed .Através da **elegia**, o poeta encontrou catarse ao expressar sua dor e honrar a memória do falecido.
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heritage
[substantivo]

the customs, traditions, rituals, and behaviors that are inherited and preserved within a community or society over time

herança, patrimônio

herança, patrimônio

Ex: The city ’s heritage is reflected in its ancient buildings and festivals .O **patrimônio** da cidade é refletido em seus edifícios antigos e festivais.
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subculture
[substantivo]

a group within a larger culture that shares distinctive values, norms, and behaviors, often differing from those of the dominant culture

subcultura, cultura alternativa

subcultura, cultura alternativa

Ex: The punk subculture emerged in the 1970s as a rebellion against mainstream culture, with its distinctive music, fashion, and anti-establishment attitudes still prevalent among its followers today.A **subcultura** punk surgiu na década de 1970 como uma rebelião contra a cultura dominante, com sua música, moda e atitudes anti-establishment distintas ainda prevalecentes entre seus seguidores hoje.
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rebirth
[substantivo]

a renewed period of growth, popularity, or significance, particularly in cultural, artistic, or economic contexts

renascimento, renovação

renascimento, renovação

Ex: The economic rebirth of the neighborhood came with new businesses and community initiatives .O **renascimento** econômico do bairro veio com novos negócios e iniciativas comunitárias.
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time-honored
[adjetivo]

(of traditions, practices, or customs) respected and followed for a long time because of their enduring value or significance

venerável, tradicional

venerável, tradicional

Ex: The library is a repository of time-honored literature that has shaped generations of readers .A biblioteca é um repositório de literatura **consagrada** que moldou gerações de leitores.
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