Humanités SAT - Littérature et culture

spoken or written language in its usual form, in contrast to poetry

prose

a type of verse without rhyme that has an irregular rhythm

vers libre

a series of lines in a poem, usually with recurring rhyme scheme and meter

strophe

a verse of Italian origin that has 14 lines, usually in an iambic pentameter and a prescribed rhyme scheme

sonnet

a tale that is narrated in the form of a song or poem

ballade

the main character in a movie, novel, TV show, etc.

protagoniste

the main female character in a story, book, film, etc., typically known for great qualities

héroïne

a story, poem, etc. in which the characters and events are used as symbols to convey moral or political lessons

allégorie

the use of words and expressions that are not meant to be taken literally, but rather to create a vivid, imaginative image or effect in the reader's mind

langage figuratif

a literary and rhetorical device that involves repeating words or phrases in successive clauses or sentences, but in reverse order

antimétabole

the practice of attributing human characteristics to abstract ideas, objects, etc. in literature or art

personnification

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

allusion

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

jeu de mots

a figure of speech that compares two unrelated things to highlight their similarities and convey a deeper meaning

métaphore

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

comparaison

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

ironie

the general manner or attitude of the author in a literary work

registre

a recognized collection of authoritative books, texts, or works within a particular field or tradition, especially in religion

canon

marks and notes written in the margins of a book or document

notes marginales

a written account of a person's own life experiences or a particular period in their life

mémoires

the story of the life of a person, written by the same person

autobiographie

a book that combines illustrations and storytelling to convey a narrative, often in a sequential art format

bande dessinée

a cheap paperback novel often featuring an adventure or melodramatic story

roman à quatre sous

the events that have happened to a character before their story in a book, movie, etc. begins

profil du personnage

a collection of selected writings by various authors, often on a similar theme or subject

anthologie

an author whose work is published under someone else's name

nègre

a written document, book, or musical composition created by hand rather than being produced using a typewriter or printing press

manuscrit

a roll of parchment, paper, or other material containing writing or images, often used for historical or religious texts

parchemin

an absurd or comically exaggerated replication of a literary or dramatic work

parodie

intending to mock, ridicule, or criticize a person, group, or society in a humorous or exaggerated way

satirique

exaggerated or overly emotional in a theatrical or sensational way

mélodramatique

to select and extract a passage, segment, or portion from a larger text, usually for reference or quotation

extrait

to turn real events or situations into a tale or story, often by changing or adding to the details

fictionnaliser

a specific graphical representation or shape of a character or symbol within a writing system

glyphe

(grammar) a phrase or word used suddenly to express a particular emotion

interjection

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

syntaxe

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

dialecte

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

intonation

an abbreviation formed from the initial letters of a group of words, which can be pronounced as a word

acronyme

a type of abbreviation where the first letter of each word in a phrase or name is used to form a pronounceable acronym-like string of letters

acronyme

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

étymologie

an expert in the study of language, examining its structure, development, and cultural aspects

linguiste

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

mythologie

a mythological creature in Greek mythology, typically depicted as a fire-breathing creature with the body and head of a lion, the head of a goat protruding from its back, and a serpent for a tail

chimère

a legendary reptile, often depicted as having a deadly gaze or venomous breath

basilic

the traditional beliefs, customs, stories, and legends of a particular community, usually passed down through generations by word of mouth

folklore

a way of behaving or of doing something that is widely accepted in a society or among a specific group of people

coutume

collective knowledge, traditions, beliefs, and stories passed down within a culture or community, typically through storytelling

savoir traditionnel

a song or poem expressing sadness, especially in the memory of a dead person or a bitter event in the past

élégie

the customs, traditions, rituals, and behaviors that are inherited and preserved within a community or society over time

patrimoine

a group within a larger culture that shares distinctive values, norms, and behaviors, often differing from those of the dominant culture

sous-culture

a renewed period of growth, popularity, or significance, particularly in cultural, artistic, or economic contexts

renaissance

(of traditions, practices, or customs) respected and followed for a long time because of their enduring value or significance

traditionnel