人文科学 SAT - 文学と文化

spoken or written language in its usual form, in contrast to poetry

散文

a type of verse without rhyme that has an irregular rhythm

自由詩

a series of lines in a poem, usually with recurring rhyme scheme and meter

詩節, スタンザ

a verse of Italian origin that has 14 lines, usually in an iambic pentameter and a prescribed rhyme scheme

ソネット

a tale that is narrated in the form of a song or poem

バラード, 叙事詩

the main character in a movie, novel, TV show, etc.

主人公, プロタゴニスト

the main female character in a story, book, film, etc., typically known for great qualities

ヒロイン

a story, poem, etc. in which the characters and events are used as symbols to convey moral or political lessons

寓話

the use of words and expressions that are not meant to be taken literally, but rather to create a vivid, imaginative image or effect in the reader's mind

比喩的な言語, 隠喩的な言語

a literary and rhetorical device that involves repeating words or phrases in successive clauses or sentences, but in reverse order

アンチメタボリ

the practice of attributing human characteristics to abstract ideas, objects, etc. in literature or art

擬人化

a statement that implies or indirectly mentions something or someone else, especially as a literary device

暗示, 言及

a clever or amusing use of words that takes advantage of the multiple meanings or interpretations that it has

言葉遊び, ダジャレ

a figure of speech that compares two unrelated things to highlight their similarities and convey a deeper meaning

隠喩

a word or phrase that compares two things or people, highlighting the similarities, often introduced by 'like' or 'as'

直喩, シミリ

a form of humor in which the words that someone says mean the opposite, producing an emphatic effect

皮肉

the general manner or attitude of the author in a literary work

トーン, 調子

a recognized collection of authoritative books, texts, or works within a particular field or tradition, especially in religion

カノン, コーパス

marks and notes written in the margins of a book or document

マージナリア, 余白のメモ

a written account of a person's own life experiences or a particular period in their life

回想録, 自伝

the story of the life of a person, written by the same person

自伝

a book that combines illustrations and storytelling to convey a narrative, often in a sequential art format

グラフィックノベル, コミック

a cheap paperback novel often featuring an adventure or melodramatic story

安い小説, ペーパーバック小説

the events that have happened to a character before their story in a book, movie, etc. begins

バックストーリー, キャラクターの背景

a collection of selected writings by various authors, often on a similar theme or subject

アンソロジー

an author whose work is published under someone else's name

ゴーストライター, 代理作家

a written document, book, or musical composition created by hand rather than being produced using a typewriter or printing press

原稿, 手書きの文書

a roll of parchment, paper, or other material containing writing or images, often used for historical or religious texts

巻物, 経巻

an absurd or comically exaggerated replication of a literary or dramatic work

バーレスク, パロディ

intending to mock, ridicule, or criticize a person, group, or society in a humorous or exaggerated way

風刺の, 皮肉な

exaggerated or overly emotional in a theatrical or sensational way

メロドラマ的

to select and extract a passage, segment, or portion from a larger text, usually for reference or quotation

抜粋する, 引用する

to turn real events or situations into a tale or story, often by changing or adding to the details

フィクション化する, 物語化する

a specific graphical representation or shape of a character or symbol within a writing system

グリフ, シンボル

(grammar) a phrase or word used suddenly to express a particular emotion

間投詞, 感嘆詞

(linguistics) the way in which words and phrases are arranged to form grammatical sentences in a language

構文, 文の構造

the spoken form of a language specific to a certain region or people which is slightly different from the standard form in words and grammar

方言

(phonetics) the rising and falling of the voice when speaking

イントネーション

an abbreviation formed from the initial letters of a group of words, which can be pronounced as a word

頭字語

a type of abbreviation where the first letter of each word in a phrase or name is used to form a pronounceable acronym-like string of letters

イニシャリズム, 頭字語

the study of the origins and historical developments of words and their meanings

語源

an expert in the study of language, examining its structure, development, and cultural aspects

言語学者, 言語専門家

a collection of ancient myths, particularly one that belongs to a group of people and their history, etc.

神話

a mythological creature in Greek mythology, typically depicted as a fire-breathing creature with the body and head of a lion, the head of a goat protruding from its back, and a serpent for a tail

キメラ

a legendary reptile, often depicted as having a deadly gaze or venomous breath

バジリスク

the traditional beliefs, customs, stories, and legends of a particular community, usually passed down through generations by word of mouth

フォークロア, 民俗

a way of behaving or of doing something that is widely accepted in a society or among a specific group of people

習慣, 伝統

collective knowledge, traditions, beliefs, and stories passed down within a culture or community, typically through storytelling

伝承, 知識

a song or poem expressing sadness, especially in the memory of a dead person or a bitter event in the past

エレジー, 哀歌

the customs, traditions, rituals, and behaviors that are inherited and preserved within a community or society over time

遺産, 伝統

a group within a larger culture that shares distinctive values, norms, and behaviors, often differing from those of the dominant culture

サブカルチャー, サブ文化

a renewed period of growth, popularity, or significance, particularly in cultural, artistic, or economic contexts

再生, 復興

(of traditions, practices, or customs) respected and followed for a long time because of their enduring value or significance

古くから続く, 伝統的な