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IELTS のための語彙 (基本) - 体

ここでは、IELTS試験に必要な「胸」、「肺」、「歯茎」など、体に関するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Words for Basic IELTS
backbone
backbone
[名詞]

a line of connected bones going down from your neck to tail bone in the middle of the back

背骨, 脊柱

背骨, 脊柱

Ex: Good posture helps support the backbone and reduces strain on the back. 

良い姿勢は背骨を支え、背中の負担を軽減するのに役立ちます。

chest
chest
[名詞]

the front part of the body between the neck and the stomach

胸,  胸部

胸, 胸部

Ex: After a workout, she felt her chest muscles were stronger. 

ワークアウトの後、彼女は胸の筋肉が強くなったと感じた。

false teeth
false teeth
[名詞]

artificial teeth designed to replace missing natural teeth, often used for cosmetic or functional purposes

義歯, 入れ歯

義歯, 入れ歯

Ex: He wears false teeth because he lost his natural ones in an accident. 

彼は事故で天然の歯を失ったので、義歯を着用しています。

muscle
muscle
[名詞]

a piece of body tissue that is made tight or relaxed when we want to move a particular part of our body

筋肉

筋肉

Ex: He massaged his sore muscles to ease the tension. 

彼は緊張を和らげるために痛んだ筋肉をマッサージした。

breast
breast
[名詞]

the area between the neck and the stomach

胸, 胸部

胸, 胸部

Ex: The bullet entered his breast, puncturing his heart. 

弾丸は彼の胸に入り、心臓を貫通した。

heel
heel
[名詞]

the back part of the foot, below the ankle

かかと

かかと

Ex: He wore comfortable shoes to support his heels during the long walk. 

彼は長い散歩の間、かかとをサポートするために快適な靴を履いていました。

joint
joint
[名詞]

a place in the body where two bones meet, enabling one of them to bend or move around

関節, 接合部

関節, 接合部

Ex: The knee is a complex joint that allows for bending and straightening of the leg. 

膝は、脚を曲げたり伸ばしたりすることを可能にする複雑な関節です。

lung
lung
[名詞]

each of the two organs in the chest that helps one breathe

肺, 肺臓

肺, 肺臓

Ex: She experienced shortness of breath and wheezing, symptoms commonly associated with asthma, a chronic lung condition characterized by airway inflammation. 

彼女は息切れと喘鳴を経験しました、これらの症状は一般的に喘息、気道の炎症を特徴とする慢性の肺の状態と関連しています。

nerve
nerve
[名詞]

each of a group of long thread-like structures in the body that carry messages between the brain and other parts of the body, sensing things is a result of this process

神経, 神経線維

神経, 神経線維

Ex: The sciatic nerve runs from the lower spine all the way down each leg. 
organ
organ
[名詞]

any vital part of the body which has a particular function

器官

器官

Ex: The heart is a vital organ responsible for pumping blood throughout the body. 

心臓は、体中に血液を送り出す責任がある重要な器官です。

skeleton
skeleton
[名詞]

the structure of bones supporting the body of an animal or a person

骨格, 骸骨

骨格, 骸骨

Ex: The X-ray revealed a fracture in his skeleton. 

X線は彼の骨格に骨折を明らかにした。

skull
skull
[名詞]

the bony structure that surrounds and provides protection for a person's or animal's brain

頭蓋骨, 頭骨

頭蓋骨, 頭骨

Ex: In anatomy class, they learned about the different bones that form the human skull. 

解剖学の授業で、彼らは人間の頭蓋骨を形成するさまざまな骨について学びました。

waist
waist
[名詞]

the part of the body between the ribs and hips, which is usually narrower than the parts mentioned

腰, ウエスト

腰, ウエスト

Ex: He suffered from lower back pain due to poor posture and a lack of strength in his waist muscles. 

彼は姿勢が悪く、腰の筋肉の力が不足していたため、腰痛に悩まされていました。

wrist
wrist
[名詞]

the joint connecting the hand to the arm

手首, 腕関節

手首, 腕関節

Ex: He used his wrist to control the movement of the computer mouse. 

彼はコンピューターマウスの動きを制御するために手首を使いました。

adrenaline
adrenaline
[名詞]

a body hormone produced in case of anger, fear, or excitement that makes the heart beat faster and the body react quicker

アドレナリン

アドレナリン

Ex: When faced with danger, the body releases adrenaline, triggering the fight-or-flight response. 
artery
artery
[名詞]

any blood vessel, carrying the blood to different organs of body from the heart

動脈, 血管

動脈, 血管

Ex: Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to various parts of the body. 

動脈は、心臓から体の様々な部分へ酸素豊富な血液を運ぶ血管です。

circulation
circulation
[名詞]

the flow and movement of blood around and in all parts of the body

循環

循環

Ex: Regular exercise improves blood circulation throughout the body. 

定期的な運動は、体中の血液循環を改善します。

collarbone
collarbone
[名詞]

either of the pair of bones that go across the top of the chest from the base of the neck to the shoulders

鎖骨, 首の骨

鎖骨, 首の骨

Ex: He fractured his collarbone during the football game and needed to wear a sling for several weeks. 

彼はサッカーの試合中に鎖骨を骨折し、数週間スリングを着用する必要がありました。

gum
gum
[名詞]

the firm, pink flesh around the roots of teeth at the top and bottom of the mouth

歯茎, 歯肉

歯茎, 歯肉

Ex: Gum inflammation can cause discomfort and sensitivity. 

歯肉炎は不快感や感度を引き起こす可能性があります。

flesh
flesh
[名詞]

the soft parts of the human body

肉, 柔らかい組織

肉, 柔らかい組織

Ex: She winced as the needle pierced her flesh during the vaccination. 

予防接種中に針が彼女の肉を刺したとき、彼女は顔をしかめた。

hormone
hormone
[名詞]

a chemical substance produced in the body of living things influencing growth and affecting the functionality of cells or tissues

ホルモン, ホルモン物質

ホルモン, ホルモン物質

Ex: Insulin, a hormone from the pancreas, controls blood sugar levels. 

インスリンは、膵臓からのホルモンであり、血糖値を制御します。

limb
limb
[名詞]

an arm or a leg of a person or any four-legged animal, or a wing of any bird

肢, 腕または脚

肢, 腕または脚

Ex: The athlete injured his limb during the race and had to withdraw from the competition. 

その選手はレース中に肢を負傷し、競技から撤退しなければならなかった。

liver
liver
[名詞]

a vital organ in the body that cleans the blood of harmful substances

肝臓, 肝臓の

肝臓, 肝臓の

Ex: The liver is responsible for filtering toxins from the bloodstream, helping to detoxify the body and maintain overall health. 

肝臓は血流から毒素を濾過する役割を果たし、体を解毒し、全体的な健康を維持するのに役立ちます。

pulse
pulse
[名詞]

the rhythmic beating of the blood vessels created when the heart pumps, especially felt on the wrist or at the sides of the neck

脈拍, 鼓動

脈拍, 鼓動

spine
spine
[名詞]

the row of small bones that are joined together down the center of the back of the body

脊椎

脊椎

Ex: The surgeon carefully examined the patient's spine to assess the extent of the injury. 

外科医は、けがの程度を評価するために患者の脊椎を注意深く調べました。

tissue
tissue
[名詞]

a group of cells in the body of living things, forming their different parts

組織, 細胞組織

組織, 細胞組織

Ex: Muscle tissue enables movement and supports the body's structure. 

筋肉組織は動きを可能にし、体の構造を支えます。

vein
vein
[名詞]

any tube or vessel that carries blood to one's heart

静脈, 血管

静脈, 血管

Ex: Sometimes veins can swell and become painful, especially in the legs. 

時々、静脈が腫れて痛くなることがあります、特に脚で。

abdomen
abdomen
[名詞]

the lower part of the body below the chest that contains the digestive and reproductive organs

腹部, お腹

腹部, お腹

Ex: He winced as the doctor pressed on his abdomen, searching for signs of tenderness or swelling. 

医者が彼の腹部を押して、痛みや腫れの兆候を探している間、彼は顔をしかめた。

anatomy
anatomy
[名詞]

the branch of science that is concerned with the physical structure of humans, animals, or plants

解剖学

解剖学

Ex: His research in comparative anatomy helped explain evolutionary relationships among species. 

彼の比較解剖学の研究は、種間の進化的関係を説明するのに役立ちました。

bladder
bladder
[名詞]

a sac-like organ inside the body where urine is stored before being passed

膀胱, 尿袋

膀胱, 尿袋

Ex: She had to go to the restroom urgently as her bladder was full. 

彼女は膀胱がいっぱいだったので、急いでトイレに行かなければなりませんでした。

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