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IELTS のための語彙 (基本) - 体

ここでは、IELTS試験に必要な「胸」、「肺」、「歯茎」など、体に関するいくつかの英単語を学びます。

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Words for Basic IELTS
backbone
backbone
[名詞]

a line of connected bones going down from your neck to tail bone in the middle of the back

背骨, 脊柱

背骨, 脊柱

Ex: Good posture helps support the backbone and reduces strain on the back. 

良い姿勢は背骨を支え、背中の負担を軽減するのに役立ちます。

chest
chest
[名詞]

the front part of the body between the neck and the stomach

胸,  胸部

胸, 胸部

Ex: She placed her hand over her chest and felt her heartbeat. 
false teeth
false teeth
[名詞]

artificial teeth designed to replace missing natural teeth, often used for cosmetic or functional purposes

義歯, 入れ歯

義歯, 入れ歯

Ex: He wears false teeth because he lost his natural ones in an accident. 

彼は事故で天然の歯を失ったので、義歯を着用しています。

muscle
muscle
[名詞]

a piece of body tissue that is made tight or relaxed when we want to move a particular part of our body

筋肉

筋肉

Ex: The physical therapist recommended exercises to strengthen weak muscles. 
breast
breast
[名詞]

the front part of a person's upper body between the neck and abdomen

胸,  乳房

胸, 乳房

Ex: He pressed one hand against his breast as he struggled to catch his breath. 
heel
heel
[名詞]

the rounded back part of the foot below the ankle

かかと, 踵

かかと, 踵

Ex: Daniel had a blister on his heel after the hike. 
joint
joint
[名詞]

a place in the body where two bones meet, enabling one of them to bend or move around

関節, 接合部

関節, 接合部

Ex: She felt stiffness and discomfort in her hip joint, prompting her to seek medical attention. 
lung
lung
[名詞]

either of the two organs in the chest that allow people and many animals to breathe

Ex: Emma took a deep breath and filled her lungs with fresh air. 
nerve
nerve
[名詞]

a bundle of fibers that carries signals between the brain or spinal cord and other parts of the body

神経,  ニューロン

神経, ニューロン

Ex: The injury damaged a nerve in Daniel's left arm. 
organ
organ
[名詞]

a distinct part of a person, animal, or plant that performs a particular function

器官,  臓器

器官, 臓器

Ex: The heart is an organ that pumps blood throughout the body. 
skeleton
skeleton
[名詞]

the structure of bones supporting the body of an animal or a person

骨格, 骸骨

骨格, 骸骨

Ex: The X-ray revealed a fracture in his skeleton. 

X線は彼の骨格に骨折を明らかにした。

skull
skull
[名詞]

the bony structure of the head that surrounds and protects the brain

頭蓋骨,  頭骨

頭蓋骨, 頭骨

Ex: The helmet protected his skull during the fall. 
waist
waist
[名詞]

the part of the body between the ribs and hips, usually narrower than the areas above and below it

Ex: Sarah wrapped a belt around her waist. 
wrist
wrist
[名詞]

the part of the body connecting the hand to the forearm

手首

手首

Ex: Sarah hurt her wrist while playing tennis. 
adrenaline
adrenaline
[名詞]

a body hormone produced in case of anger, fear, or excitement that makes the heart beat faster and the body react quicker

アドレナリン

アドレナリン

Ex: When faced with danger, the body releases adrenaline, triggering the fight-or-flight response. 
artery
artery
[名詞]

any blood vessel, carrying the blood to different organs of body from the heart

動脈, 血管

動脈, 血管

Ex: Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to various parts of the body. 

動脈は、心臓から体の様々な部分へ酸素豊富な血液を運ぶ血管です。

circulation
circulation
[名詞]

the continuous movement of blood through the heart and blood vessels around the body

循環,  血液循環

循環, 血液循環

Ex: Regular exercise can help improve circulation. 
collarbone
collarbone
[名詞]

either of the pair of bones that go across the top of the chest from the base of the neck to the shoulders

鎖骨, 首の骨

鎖骨, 首の骨

Ex: He fractured his collarbone during the football game and needed to wear a sling for several weeks. 

彼はサッカーの試合中に鎖骨を骨折し、数週間スリングを着用する必要がありました。

gum
gum
[名詞]

the firm, pink flesh around the roots of teeth at the top and bottom of the mouth

歯茎, 歯肉

歯茎, 歯肉

Ex: Gum inflammation can cause discomfort and sensitivity. 

歯肉炎は不快感や感度を引き起こす可能性があります。

flesh
flesh
[名詞]

the human body or skin, especially considered as physical rather than spiritual

Ex: The cold air felt sharp against her bare flesh. 
hormone
hormone
[名詞]

a chemical substance produced in the body of living things influencing growth and affecting the functionality of cells or tissues

ホルモン, ホルモン物質

ホルモン, ホルモン物質

Ex: Insulin, a hormone from the pancreas, controls blood sugar levels. 

インスリンは、膵臓からのホルモンであり、血糖値を制御します。

limb
limb
[名詞]

an arm, leg, wing, flipper, or similar jointed appendage of a person or animal

肢,  手足

肢, 手足

Ex: The accident left Michael with an injured lower limb. 
liver
liver
[名詞]

a large organ in the abdomen that performs many metabolic functions, including processing nutrients, producing bile, and removing harmful substances from the blood

肝臓, 肝

肝臓, 肝

Ex: The liver helps remove harmful substances from the blood. 
pulse
pulse
[名詞]

the regular beating of the arteries caused by the pumping action of the heart

脈,  脈

脈, 脈

Ex: The nurse checked David's pulse at his wrist. 
spine
spine
[名詞]

the column of connected bones running down the back that supports the body and protects the spinal cord

脊椎,  背骨

脊椎, 背骨

Ex: Emily injured her spine in a skiing accident. 
tissue
tissue
[名詞]

a group of similar cells that work together to form a particular part of a human, animal, or plant

組織,  生体組織

組織, 生体組織

Ex: Muscle tissue can be damaged by a serious injury. 
vein
vein
[名詞]

a blood vessel that carries blood from the body toward the heart

静脈,  血管

静脈, 血管

Ex: The nurse found a vein in Emily's arm before drawing blood. 
abdomen
abdomen
[名詞]

the lower part of the body below the chest that contains the digestive and reproductive organs

腹部, お腹

腹部, お腹

Ex: He winced as the doctor pressed on his abdomen, searching for signs of tenderness or swelling. 

医者が彼の腹部を押して、痛みや腫れの兆候を探している間、彼は顔をしかめた。

anatomy
anatomy
[名詞]

the branch of science that is concerned with the physical structure of humans, animals, or plants

解剖学

解剖学

Ex: His research in comparative anatomy helped explain evolutionary relationships among species. 

彼の比較解剖学の研究は、種間の進化的関係を説明するのに役立ちました。

bladder
bladder
[名詞]

a sac-like organ inside the body where urine is stored before being passed

膀胱, 尿袋

膀胱, 尿袋

Ex: She had to go to the restroom urgently as her bladder was full. 
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