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IELTS Academicの語彙 (スコア8-9) - Chemistry
ここでは、アカデミック IELTS 試験に必要な化学に関連する英単語を学びます。
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a substance that is dissolved in a solvent, resulting in a solution
溶質 (ようしつ), 溶解物 (ようかいぶつ)
a substance that takes part in and undergoes a chemical reaction, leading to the formation of new products
反応物 (はんのうぶつ), 反応剤 (はんのうざい)
(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself
触媒（しょくばい）, 催化剤（さいかざい）
the acceleration or facilitation of a chemical reaction by a substance (catalyst) that remains unchanged at the end of the reaction
触媒作用 (しょくばいさよう), 触媒的作用 (しょくばいてきさよう)
a chemical bond where atoms share electrons to form a stable molecule
共有結合, コバレント結合
any of two or more compounds having the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms and, consequently, different properties
異性体, アイソマー
a large molecule composed of repeating structural units, or monomers, covalently bonded together in a chain-like structure
ポリマー, 高分子
a molecule that can chemically bond with other molecules to form a polymer
モノマー, 重合体の単体
a compound composed of hydrogen and carbon atoms, with the simplest form being alkanes, alkenes, or alkynes
炭化水素, ハイドロカーボン
a chemical compound derived from the reaction between an alcohol and an organic acid, typically with the elimination of water
エステル, エステ
an organic compound with a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to a hydrogen atom and another carbon atom, commonly found in essential oils and used in various chemical processes
アルデヒド, アルデヒド類
a compound with a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon atom, widely used as solvents, fuels, and in pharmaceutical and chemical synthesis
アルコール, アルコール類
an organic compound with a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two carbon atoms, commonly found in solvents, pharmaceuticals, and flavorings
ケトン, ケトン化合物
a chemical reaction where electrons are transferred between substances
酸化還元反応, 酸化還元
the concentration of a solute in a solution, measured in moles per liter (mol/L or M)
モル濃度 (もるのうど), モラリティ (もらりてぃ)
a substance that, when dissolved in a solution, produces ions and enables the conduction of electric current
電解質, 電解液
a thermodynamic quantity representing the total heat content of a system, commonly denoted as H
エンタルピー, エンタルピー値
a thermodynamic measure of the degree of disorder or randomness in a system, denoted by S
エントロピー, 無秩序度
a mixture where small particles of one substance are evenly dispersed in another substance, typically intermediate in size between solution and suspension particles
コロイド, 膠体
the gradual destruction of materials by chemical reaction, usually of metals
腐食（ふしょく）, 酸化（さんか）
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