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Bokabularyo para sa IELTS Academic (Score 8-9) - Chemistry

Dito, matututunan mo ang ilang mga salitang Ingles na may kaugnayan sa Kimika na kinakailangan para sa Academic IELTS exam.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (8)

[Pangngalan]

a substance that is dissolved in a solvent, resulting in a solution

solute, natunaw na sangkap

solute, natunaw na sangkap

Ex: Dissolving a pain reliever ( e.g. , aspirin ) in water results in the drug acting as the solute in the liquid solvent .Ang pagtunaw ng isang pain reliever (halimbawa, aspirin) sa tubig ay nagreresulta sa pag-arte ng gamot bilang **solute** sa likidong solvent.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a substance that takes part in and undergoes a chemical reaction, leading to the formation of new products

reaktibo

reaktibo

Ex: When iron reacts with sulfur , the reactants are iron and sulfur .Kapag ang bakal ay nag-react sa sulfur, ang **reactants** ay bakal at sulfur.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

(chemistry) a substance that causes a chemical reaction to happen at a faster rate without undergoing any chemical change itself

katalista, aktibador

katalista, aktibador

Ex: In the Haber process , iron is used as a catalyst to promote the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gases .Sa proseso ng Haber, ang bakal ay ginagamit bilang **katalista** upang mapabilis ang sintesis ng ammonia mula sa nitrogen at hydrogen gases.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

the acceleration or facilitation of a chemical reaction by a substance (catalyst) that remains unchanged at the end of the reaction

katalisis, pagpapabilis ng katalitiko

katalisis, pagpapabilis ng katalitiko

Ex: Zeolites act as catalysts in refining processes , promoting the catalysis of hydrocarbons into valuable products .Ang mga zeolite ay gumaganap bilang mga katalista sa mga proseso ng pagpino, na nagtataguyod ng **katalisis** ng mga hydrocarbon sa mga mahahalagang produkto.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a chemical bond where atoms share electrons to form a stable molecule

kovalenteng bono, pagbabahagi ng elektron na bono

kovalenteng bono, pagbabahagi ng elektron na bono

Ex: The air 's like a molecular community , held together by covalent bonds, forming a breathable atmosphere .Ang hangin ay parang isang molekular na komunidad, pinagsama ng **covalent bonds**, na bumubuo ng isang malalanghap na atmospera.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

any of two or more compounds having the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms and, consequently, different properties

isomer, compound na isomer

isomer, compound na isomer

Ex: The amino acid isoleucine and the sugar maltose are examples of isomers with identical molecular formulas but differing chemical structures .Ang amino acid na isoleucine at ang asukal na maltose ay mga halimbawa ng **isomers** na may magkaparehong molecular formula ngunit magkaibang chemical structure.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a large molecule composed of repeating structural units, or monomers, covalently bonded together in a chain-like structure

polimer, malaking molekula

polimer, malaking molekula

Ex: Polyester is a versatile synthetic polymer used in fabrics , clothing , and plastic bottles .Ang polyester ay isang maraming gamit na sintetikong **polymer** na ginagamit sa mga tela, damit, at bote ng plastik.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a molecule that can chemically bond with other molecules to form a polymer

monomer, molekula ng monomer

monomer, molekula ng monomer

Ex: Styrene is a monomer used in the production of polystyrene , a common plastic and insulation material .Ang **monomer** ay isang monomer na ginagamit sa produksyon ng polystyrene, isang karaniwang plastik at insulation material.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a compound composed of hydrogen and carbon atoms, with the simplest form being alkanes, alkenes, or alkynes

hydrocarbon, kompuesto ng hydrogen at carbon

hydrocarbon, kompuesto ng hydrogen at carbon

Ex: Benzene (C₆H₆) is an aromatic hydrocarbon, exhibiting a ring structure with alternating single and double bonds.Ang Benzene (C₆H₆) ay isang aromatic **hydrocarbon**, na nagpapakita ng isang ring structure na may halinhinang single at double bonds.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a chemical compound derived from the reaction between an alcohol and an organic acid, typically with the elimination of water

ester, kemikal na ester

ester, kemikal na ester

Ex: Ethyl propionate is an ester with a fruity odor and is used as a flavoring agent in the food industry .Ang ethyl propionate ay isang **ester** na may amoy prutas at ginagamit bilang pampalasa sa industriya ng pagkain.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

an organic compound with a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to a hydrogen atom and another carbon atom, commonly found in essential oils and used in various chemical processes

aldehyde, carbonyl compound

aldehyde, carbonyl compound

Ex: Formaldehyde is a simple aldehyde used in various industrial applications , including the production of resins .Ang formaldehyde ay isang simpleng **aldehyde** na ginagamit sa iba't ibang aplikasyong pang-industriya, kasama ang produksyon ng resins.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a compound with a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to a carbon atom, widely used as solvents, fuels, and in pharmaceutical and chemical synthesis

alkohol, etanol

alkohol, etanol

Ex: Benzyl alcohol is used in the production of fragrances , flavorings , and as a solvent in various applications .

Isara

[Pangngalan]

an organic compound with a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to two carbon atoms, commonly found in solvents, pharmaceuticals, and flavorings

ketona, carbonyl compound

ketona, carbonyl compound

Ex: Camphor is a ketone found in various plant sources and used in medicinal and flavoring applications .Ang camphor ay isang **ketone** na matatagpuan sa iba't ibang pinagmumulan ng halaman at ginagamit sa mga aplikasyong medisinal at pampalasa.

Isara

oxidation-reduction

[Pangngalan]

a chemical reaction where electrons are transferred between substances

oksidasyon-reduksyon, reaksyon ng oksidasyon-reduksyon

oksidasyon-reduksyon, reaksyon ng oksidasyon-reduksyon

Ex: Photosynthesis is a biological process that involves the oxidation-reduction of water and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen .Ang photosynthesis ay isang biological process na nagsasangkot ng **oxidation-reduction** ng tubig at carbon dioxide upang makagawa ng glucose at oxygen.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

the concentration of a solute in a solution, measured in moles per liter (mol/L or M)

molaridad, konsentrasyon ng molar

molaridad, konsentrasyon ng molar

Ex: Hydrogen peroxide with a molarity of 6 M means there are 6 moles of H₂O₂ per liter .Ang hydrogen peroxide na may **molarity** na 6 M ay nangangahulugang mayroong 6 moles ng H₂O₂ bawat litro.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a substance that, when dissolved in a solution, produces ions and enables the conduction of electric current

elektrolito, sustansyang elektrolitiko

elektrolito, sustansyang elektrolitiko

Ex: Acetic acid (CH₃COOH) is a weak electrolyte, producing acetate ions (CH₃COO⁻) and hydrogen ions (H⁺) in solution.Ang acetic acid (CH₃COOH) ay isang mahinang **elektrolito**, na gumagawa ng acetate ions (CH₃COO⁻) at hydrogen ions (H⁺) sa solusyon.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a thermodynamic quantity representing the total heat content of a system, commonly denoted as H

entalpiya, nilalaman ng init

entalpiya, nilalaman ng init

Ex: Enthalpy plays a role in the analysis of reaction spontaneity , where negative ΔH values often indicate spontaneous processes .Ang **Enthalpy** ay may papel sa pagsusuri ng spontaneity ng reaksyon, kung saan ang mga negatibong halaga ng ΔH ay madalas na nagpapahiwatig ng mga kusang proseso.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a thermodynamic measure of the degree of disorder or randomness in a system, denoted by S

entropiya, kaguluhan sa termodinamika

entropiya, kaguluhan sa termodinamika

Ex: Dissolving a solute in a solvent generally increases the entropy of the system .Ang pagtunaw ng isang solute sa isang solvent ay karaniwang nagpapataas ng **entropy** ng sistema.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

a mixture where small particles of one substance are evenly dispersed in another substance, typically intermediate in size between solution and suspension particles

kolyoid, dispersyong koloidal

kolyoid, dispersyong koloidal

Ex: Blood plasma is a colloid with proteins and other substances dispersed in water .Ang plasma ng dugo ay isang **colloid** na may mga protina at iba pang mga sangkap na nakakalat sa tubig.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

the gradual destruction of materials by chemical reaction, usually of metals

pagkakalawang

pagkakalawang

Ex: Exposure to moisture accelerates metal corrosion.Ang pagkakalantad sa halumigmig ay nagpapabilis ng **pagkaagnas** ng metal.

Isara

[Pangngalan]

any substance with a pH of more than seven that neutralizes acids creating salt and water

alkali, base

alkali, base

Ex: Alkalis are often used in the production of soaps, detergents, and other cleaning agents due to their ability to dissolve fats and oils.Ang mga **alkali** ay madalas na ginagamit sa produksyon ng mga sabon, detergents, at iba pang mga ahente ng paglilinis dahil sa kanilang kakayahang matunaw ang mga taba at langis.

Isara

Bokabularyo para sa IELTS Academic (Score 8-9)

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