pattern

Językoznawstwo - Nauka języka i biegłość

Tutaj nauczysz się kilku angielskich słów związanych z nauką języka i biegłością językową, takich jak „płynność”, „dwujęzyczność” i „ćwiczenie”.

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Words Related to Linguistics
drill

a way of instruction through repetition and a lot of practice

ćwiczenie

ćwiczenie

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fluency

the quality of being able to speak or write very well and easily in a foreign language

biegłość

biegłość

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incomprehensibility

the quality of being unintelligible and impossible to understand

niezrozumiałość

niezrozumiałość

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listening

the act of paying careful attention to hear a sound

słuchanie

słuchanie

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native speaker

someone who has learned a language as their first language, and not as a foreign language

mówiący w języku ojczystym

mówiący w języku ojczystym

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oral

a spoken test

ustny

ustny

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reading

the act or process of looking at a written or printed piece and comprehending its meaning

czytanie

czytanie

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speaking

the act of producing speech in a way that is comprehensible

mowa

mowa

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writing

the activity of writing as a linguistic skill

pisanie

pisanie

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accuracy

the state or quality of being without any errors

dokładność

dokładność

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GRE

a test that must be passed in the US by students who want to continue their education after their first degree

GRE

GRE

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Test of English as a Foreign Language

an internationally recognized standardized test that measures the English language proficiency of non-native speakers who wish to study or work in English-speaking countries

Test z języka angielskiego jako języka obcego

Test z języka angielskiego jako języka obcego

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International English Language Testing System

an internationally recognized English language proficiency test that assesses the English skills of non-native speakers

Międzynarodowy system testowania języka angielskiego

Międzynarodowy system testowania języka angielskiego

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audiolingual method

a language teaching approach that emphasizes the development of listening and speaking skills through repetitive drills and pattern practice, with a focus on accurate pronunciation and grammatical structures

metoda audiolingwalna

metoda audiolingwalna

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background knowledge

the information, understanding, and experiences that an individual possesses prior to encountering a specific topic or situation

wiedza ogólna

wiedza ogólna

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basic

a level of proficiency or knowledge that is introductory or rudimentary

podstawy

podstawy

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passive understanding

the act of understanding something without actively doing anything or making an effort

pasywne zrozumienie

pasywne zrozumienie

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error

a mistake, inaccuracy, or deviation from correctness in language production or comprehension

błąd

błąd

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task-based learning

an instructional approach that emphasizes meaningful and authentic tasks to develop language skills in real-world contexts

nauka oparta na zadaniach

nauka oparta na zadaniach

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negotiated input

the interactive process between a language learner and interlocutor, where modifications and clarifications are made in the language input to ensure better comprehension and learning

wynegocjowany wkład

wynegocjowany wkład

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negotiated output

the language production of a learner that is collaboratively constructed and modified through interaction with others, allowing for feedback, clarification, and refinement of language skills

negocjowane wyniki

negocjowane wyniki

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integrative motivation

the desire to learn a language in order to integrate into the target language community, understand its culture, establish social connections, or develop a sense of belonging and identity within that community

motywacja integracyjna

motywacja integracyjna

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instrumental motivation

the desire to learn a language for practical purposes, such as advancing career prospects, obtaining a job, or achieving specific goals, rather than for intrinsic or personal reasons

motywacja instrumentalna

motywacja instrumentalna

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fossilization

the process in second language acquisition where errors or non-native features become permanently ingrained and resistant to correction, even after prolonged exposure to the target language

fossylizacja

fossylizacja

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interlanguage

the linguistic system that emerges during second language acquisition, characterized by a combination of the learner's native language and the target language, incorporating both correct and incorrect features as the learner progresses towards proficiency

interjezyk

interjezyk

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second language

a language that a person learns after their first language, often through formal education or exposure to a different culture or community

drugi język

drugi język

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productive skill

the ability to produce language, either through speaking or writing, in order to convey meaning and communicate with others

umiejętność produktywna

umiejętność produktywna

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receptive skill

the ability to understand and comprehend language, either through listening or reading, in order to extract meaning and comprehend the message being conveyed

umiejętność receptywna

umiejętność receptywna

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near-native speaker

an individual who has acquired a high level of proficiency in a second or additional language, demonstrating a command of the language that is very close to that of a native speaker in terms of fluency, accuracy, and cultural competence

prawie rodzimy użytkownik języka

prawie rodzimy użytkownik języka

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CEFR

a widely recognized framework used to describe language proficiency levels in various languages

Wspólny Europejski System Odniesienia dla Języków

Wspólny Europejski System Odniesienia dla Języków

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language transfer

(linguistics) the process of using the knowledge of a known language while learning a new one by a bilingual or multilingual individual

transfer językowy

transfer językowy

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bilingualism

the ability of an individual to speak and understand two languages proficiently

bilingwizm

bilingwizm

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monolingual

a person who speaks or is fluent in only one language

monolingwalny

monolingwalny

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bilingual

a person who can speak and understand two different languages with ease and fluency

bilingwalny

bilingwalny

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multilingualism

the ability to speak and understand multiple languages, which allows individuals to communicate effectively and engage with diverse cultures and communities

wielojęzyczność

wielojęzyczność

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SAT

a test that high school students take before college or university in the US

SAT (test)

SAT (test)

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