Linguística - Aprendizagem e proficiência em línguas

a way of instruction through repetition and a lot of practice

seio, exercício

the quality of being able to speak or write very well and easily in a foreign language

fluência, domínio

the quality of being unintelligible and impossible to understand

incompreensibilidade, ininteligibilidade

the act of paying careful attention to hear a sound

audição, escuta

someone who has learned a language as their first language, and not as a foreign language

falante nativo, falante nativa

a spoken test

oral, exame oral

the act or process of looking at a written or printed piece and comprehending its meaning

leitura, ler

the act of producing speech in a way that is comprehensible

fala, expressão

the activity of writing as a linguistic skill

escrita, redação

the state or quality of being without any errors

precisão, exatidão

a test that must be passed in the US by students who want to continue their education after their first degree

GRE

an internationally recognized standardized test that measures the English language proficiency of non-native speakers who wish to study or work in English-speaking countries

Teste de inglês como língua estrangeira, Exame de inglês como língua estrangeira

an internationally recognized English language proficiency test that assesses the English skills of non-native speakers

Sistema Internacional de Teste da Língua Inglesa, Teste Internacional de Língua Inglesa

a language teaching approach that emphasizes the development of listening and speaking skills through repetitive drills and pattern practice, with a focus on accurate pronunciation and grammatical structures

método audiolingual, abordagem audiolingual

the information, understanding, and experiences that an individual possesses prior to encountering a specific topic or situation

conhecimento prévio, conhecimento de fundo

a level of proficiency or knowledge that is introductory or rudimentary

básicos, fundamentos

the act of understanding something without actively doing anything or making an effort

compreensão passiva, entendimento passivo

a mistake, inaccuracy, or deviation from correctness in language production or comprehension

erro

an instructional approach that emphasizes meaningful and authentic tasks to develop language skills in real-world contexts

aprendizagem baseada em tarefas, aprendizagem centrada em tarefas

the interactive process between a language learner and interlocutor, where modifications and clarifications are made in the language input to ensure better comprehension and learning

entrada negociada, input negociado

the language production of a learner that is collaboratively constructed and modified through interaction with others, allowing for feedback, clarification, and refinement of language skills

resultado negociado, produção negociada

the desire to learn a language in order to integrate into the target language community, understand its culture, establish social connections, or develop a sense of belonging and identity within that community

motivação integrativa, motivação de integração

the desire to learn a language for practical purposes, such as advancing career prospects, obtaining a job, or achieving specific goals, rather than for intrinsic or personal reasons

motivação instrumental, motivação prática

the process in second language acquisition where errors or non-native features become permanently ingrained and resistant to correction, even after prolonged exposure to the target language

fossilização, rigidez

the linguistic system that emerges during second language acquisition, characterized by a combination of the learner's native language and the target language, incorporating both correct and incorrect features as the learner progresses towards proficiency

interlíngua, língua intermediária

a language that a person learns after their first language, often through formal education or exposure to a different culture or community

segunda língua, idioma secundário

the ability to produce language, either through speaking or writing, in order to convey meaning and communicate with others

habilidade produtiva, competência produtiva

the ability to understand and comprehend language, either through listening or reading, in order to extract meaning and comprehend the message being conveyed

habilidade receptiva, competência receptiva

an individual who has acquired a high level of proficiency in a second or additional language, demonstrating a command of the language that is very close to that of a native speaker in terms of fluency, accuracy, and cultural competence

falante quase nativo, falante praticamente nativo

a widely recognized framework used to describe language proficiency levels in various languages

Quadro Comum Europeu de Referência para as Línguas, CEFR

(linguistics) the process of using the knowledge of a known language while learning a new one by a bilingual or multilingual individual

transferência de linguagem, transferência de idioma

the ability of an individual to speak and understand two languages proficiently

bilinguismo

a person who speaks or is fluent in only one language

monolíngue

a person who can speak and understand two different languages with ease and fluency

bilíngue

the ability to speak and understand multiple languages, which allows individuals to communicate effectively and engage with diverse cultures and communities

multilinguismo, plurilinguismo

a test that high school students take before college or university in the US

SAT (teste), exame SAT