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Ciências Naturais SAT - Capacidades Mentais e Falhas

Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês relacionadas a capacidades e falhas mentais, como "astuto", "psique", "capricho", etc., que você precisará para acertar seus SATs.

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
ambition
[substantivo]

the will to obtain wealth, power, success, etc.

ambição, aspiração

ambição, aspiração

Ex: The scientistambition to make groundbreaking discoveries fueled his research .
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whim
[substantivo]

a sudden and impulsive decision or desire that someone has without much thought or reason behind it

capricho, devaneio

capricho, devaneio

Ex: When her plans for the evening fell through , she acted on whim and went out to see a movie by herself instead .
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competence
[substantivo]

the ability to perform tasks effectively and efficiently, demonstrating both physical and intellectual readiness

Ex: competence as a manager led to increased productivity and employee satisfaction in her department .
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acuteness
[substantivo]

a sharp intelligence, able to understand things deeply and quickly

acuidade, inteligência aguda

acuidade, inteligência aguda

Ex: The authoracuteness in depicting human emotions made the novel resonate deeply with readers .
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initiative
[substantivo]

the willingness to take action and start new things without being prompted or directed

iniciativa, proatividade

iniciativa, proatividade

Ex: It ’s important to initiative when tackling challenges at work .
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precaution
[substantivo]

the habit or action of being cautious and taking steps in advance to prevent harm or trouble

precaução, cautela

precaução, cautela

Ex: Following recent security breaches , the government has precautions at airports .
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psyche
[substantivo]

the entirety of the human mind, including conscious and unconscious elements, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

psique, mente

psique, mente

Ex: Therapists work with individuals to explore and navigate the depths of psyche during counseling sessions .
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to recall
[verbo]

to bring back something from the memory

recordar, relembrar

recordar, relembrar

Ex: A scent can often trigger the ability recall past experiences .
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to bring to mind past memories or experiences

relembrar, recordar

relembrar, recordar

Ex: Upon hearing the familiar tune , they recollected the song that played at their wedding .
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to create and perform words of a play, music, etc. on impulse and without preparation, particularly because one is forced to do so

improvisar, fazer uma improvisação

improvisar, fazer uma improvisação

Ex: Unable to find his notes , the improvised a captivating speech on the spot .
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to beware
[verbo]

to warn someone to be cautious of a dangerous person or thing

cuidado, atenção

cuidado, atenção

Ex: Residents are advised beware of wild animals when hiking in the national park .
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to cause someone to lose their focus or attention from something they were doing or thinking about

distrair, desviar a atenção

distrair, desviar a atenção

Ex: I distracted by the constant chatter in the room and could n't concentrate on my reading .
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to make someone acquainted with something

familiarizar, aconselhar

familiarizar, aconselhar

Ex: The software tutorial aims familiarize users with the key features of the application .
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to predict or say in advance what will happen in the future

prever, predizer

prever, predizer

Ex: He had a knack foretelling market trends and making successful investments .
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to foresee
[verbo]

to know or predict something before it happens

prever, antever

prever, antever

Ex: foresaw a rise in demand for the product and stocked up .
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to heed
[verbo]

to be attentive to advice or a warning

prestar atenção a, atentar-se a

prestar atenção a, atentar-se a

Ex: Despite her friends ' warnings , she chose not heed them and continued with her risky behavior .
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impressionable
[adjetivo]

easily influenced or affected by others or external factors, especially due to a lack of experience or critical judgment

impressionável, susceptível

impressionável, susceptível

Ex: impressionable nature made him vulnerable to persuasive advertising and marketing tactics .
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impervious
[adjetivo]

resistant to being affected or damaged by something

imune, impermeável

imune, impermeável

Ex: The high-quality paint impervious to fading and wear .
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cognizant
[adjetivo]

having knowledge or awareness about something

cognoscente, consciente

cognoscente, consciente

Ex: He cognizant of his limitations and knew when to ask for help .
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astute
[adjetivo]

having a clever and practical ability to make wise and effective decisions

astuto, perspicaz

astuto, perspicaz

Ex: The managerastute leadership skills guided the team through challenging projects .
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savvy
[adjetivo]

possessing practical knowledge, expertise, or understanding in a particular domain

sábio, esperto

sábio, esperto

Ex: savvy traveler knows how to find the best deals on flights and accommodations .
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sagacious
[adjetivo]

having wisdom and good judgment

sábio, perspicaz

sábio, perspicaz

Ex: sagacious mentor can provide invaluable guidance during challenging times .
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shrewd
[adjetivo]

having or showing good judgement, especially in business or politics

astuto, perspicaz

astuto, perspicaz

Ex: shrewd analysis of the situation enabled her to make strategic moves that outmaneuvered her competitors .
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sentient
[adjetivo]

possessing the ability to experience, feel, or perceive things through the senses

sensiente, senciente

sensiente, senciente

Ex: The ethical treatment of sentient creatures is a significant concern in animal welfare.
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conscious
[adjetivo]

having awareness of one's surroundings

consciente, alerta

consciente, alerta

Ex: She conscious of the people around her as she walked through the busy city streets .
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perceptive
[adjetivo]

(of a person) able to quickly and accurately understand or notice things due to keen awareness and insight

perspicaz, perceptivo

perspicaz, perceptivo

Ex: perceptive helped her identify opportunities others missed .
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imaginative
[adjetivo]

displaying or having creativity or originality

imaginativo, criativo

imaginativo, criativo

Ex: He has imaginative mind , constantly coming up with innovative solutions to challenges .
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acumen
[substantivo]

the quality of having a sharp sense of judgment and decision-making

acumen, perspicácia

acumen, perspicácia

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attentiveness
[substantivo]

the quality of being alert and paying close attention to things

atenção, vigilância

atenção, vigilância

Ex: The teacherattentiveness to students ' needs fostered a positive learning environment .
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vigilance
[substantivo]

the state or quality of being watchful and attentive, especially to detect potential danger or problems

vigilância, atento

vigilância, atento

Ex: vigilance is crucial in ensuring child safety in public places .
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inference
[substantivo]

a conclusion one reaches from the existing evidence or known facts

inferência, conclusão

inferência, conclusão

Ex: The teacher encouraged students to practice inferences while reading to enhance their comprehension skills .
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cognition
[substantivo]

the result of a mental processing or understanding

cognição, conhecimento

cognição, conhecimento

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deduction
[substantivo]

the process of using general rules or ideas to make a specific conclusion

dedução, inferência

dedução, inferência

Ex: From the general rule , she made a deduction about what to do next .
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facility
[substantivo]

the quality of performing tasks or activities with ease and without difficulty

facilidade, habilidade

facilidade, habilidade

Ex: The engineer facility in solving complex problems with innovative solutions .
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instinct
[substantivo]

a natural reaction or behavior that occurs automatically, without conscious thought or reasoning

instinto, intuição

instinto, intuição

Ex: The swimmerinstinct to hold her breath underwater helped her win the race .
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intuition
[substantivo]

the ability to understand or perceive something immediately, without conscious reasoning or the need for evidence or justification

intuição, intuição imediata

intuição, intuição imediata

Ex: The detective 's intuition helped solve the case quickly .
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genius
[substantivo]

an exceptional mental ability or talent that is unique and outstanding

gênio, génio

gênio, génio

Ex: The artistgenius for painting moved people deeply .
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subconscious
[substantivo]

the part of the mind that is not currently in focused awareness, but still influences thoughts, feelings, and behavior, often through automatic or involuntary processes

subconsciente, inconsciente

subconsciente, inconsciente

Ex: The therapist helped him explore the hidden layers of subconscious.
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aspiration
[substantivo]

a strong will to achieve something

aspiração, objetivo

aspiração, objetivo

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imprudence
[substantivo]

the quality of making decisions or taking actions without considering potential risks or consequences

imprudência, desatino

imprudência, desatino

Ex: imprudence in trusting strangers led to a series of unfortunate events .
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folly
[substantivo]

the quality of behaving in a foolish or reckless manner, often without considering the consequences

follia, futilidade

follia, futilidade

Ex: The politician 's public remarks caused widespread controversy and were regarded as folly.
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trance
[substantivo]

a mental state characterized by a fragile consciousness and reduced ability for voluntary action, often resembling a deep sleep

transe, estado de transe

transe, estado de transe

Ex: The hypnotist induced trance to help the patient explore their subconscious thoughts .
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ignorance
[substantivo]

the fact or state of not having the necessary information, knowledge, or understanding of something

ignorância, desconhecimento

ignorância, desconhecimento

Ex: ignorance of some people about climate change highlights the need for more widespread awareness and education on environmental issues .
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delusion
[substantivo]

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

delírio, ilusão

delírio, ilusão

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delirium
[substantivo]

a state of extreme mental confusion, often accompanied by confused or unclear thoughts or speech

delírio, estupor

delírio, estupor

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insanity
[substantivo]

a state of severe mental disorder affecting a person's ability to understand reality, think rationally, or behave in a socially acceptable manner

insanidade, loucura

insanidade, loucura

Ex: Legal standards often require a significant cognitive impairment insanity.
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incapacity
[substantivo]

the lack of intellectual or mental power to do something

incapacidade, impossibilidade

incapacidade, impossibilidade

Ex: The patient 's cognitive decline resulted in incapacity to manage their financial affairs and make sound financial decisions .
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hallucination
[substantivo]

a perceptual experience in which an individual perceives something that is not present in the external environment

alucinação, alucinação sensorial

alucinação, alucinação sensorial

Ex: Hallucinations can be a symptom of certain medical conditions , including neurological disorders or brain injuries .
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fallacy
[substantivo]

a false idea or belief based on invalid arguments, often one that many people think is true

falácia, erro de raciocínio

falácia, erro de raciocínio

Ex: The belief that all members of a particular ethnic group are universally untrustworthy is fallacy built on stereotypes and can lead to discrimination and prejudice .
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misconception
[substantivo]

a mistaken or inaccurate belief or understanding about something

conceito errôneo, equívoco

conceito errôneo, equívoco

Ex: There 's misconception that all artists are starving or struggling financially .
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to neglect
[verbo]

to pay little or no attention to something or someone, often leading to issues or problems

negligenciar, desprezar

negligenciar, desprezar

Ex: Neglecting cybersecurity measures in today 's digital age can expose your personal information to potential threats .
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to intentionally ignore or act without concern for something or someone that deserves consideration

desconsiderar, ignorar

desconsiderar, ignorar

Ex: The manager is disregarding critical feedback , hindering team improvement .
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to understand or explain something incorrectly

misinterpretar, interpretar mal

misinterpretar, interpretar mal

Ex: The misinterpreted the artist 's message , creating controversy over the artwork .
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to not notice or see something

desconsiderar, ignorar

desconsiderar, ignorar

Ex: Be cautious not overlook the signs of wear and tear in equipment maintenance .
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oblivious
[adjetivo]

lacking conscious awareness of something

alheio, inconsciente

alheio, inconsciente

Ex: The children oblivious to the time , playing happily in the park long after sunset .
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deranged
[adjetivo]

incapable of behaving normally or thinking clearly due to mental illness

desvairado, insano

desvairado, insano

Ex: After the accident , her mind was deranged that she could n't recognize her own family .
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insensible
[adjetivo]

not noticing or caring about something

insensível, indiferente

insensível, indiferente

Ex: The politician insensible to public opinion , pursuing unpopular policies .
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naive
[adjetivo]

lacking experience, wisdom, or understanding about the world, often resulting in being overly trusting or easily deceived

ingênuo, naïve

ingênuo, naïve

Ex: naive interpretation of the contract terms caused misunderstandings between the parties involved .
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