pattern

自然科学SAT - 心智能力与失败

在这里,你将学习一些与心智能力和失败相关的英语单词,如“astute”、“psyche”、“whim”等,这些单词是你通过SAT考试所需要的。

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SAT Vocabulary for Natural Sciences
ambition
[名词]

the will to obtain wealth, power, success, etc.

野心, 成功的渴望

野心, 成功的渴望

Ex: The scientist ’s ambition to make groundbreaking discoveries fueled his research .科学家做出突破性发现的**野心**推动了他的研究。
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whim
[名词]

a sudden and impulsive decision or desire that someone has without much thought or reason behind it

一时兴起, 冲动

一时兴起, 冲动

Ex: When her plans for the evening fell through , she acted on a whim and went out to see a movie by herself instead .当她晚上的计划落空时,她一时**兴起**,决定独自去看电影。
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competence
[名词]

the ability to perform tasks effectively and efficiently, demonstrating both physical and intellectual readiness

能力, 胜任力

能力, 胜任力

Ex: Her competence as a manager led to increased productivity and employee satisfaction in her department .她作为经理的**能力**导致了她所在部门的生产力和员工满意度的提高。
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acuteness
[名词]

a sharp intelligence, able to understand things deeply and quickly

敏锐, 聪颖

敏锐, 聪颖

Ex: The author 's acuteness in depicting human emotions made the novel resonate deeply with readers .作者在描绘人类情感方面的**敏锐**使小说与读者产生了深刻的共鸣。
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initiative
[名词]

the willingness to take action and start new things without being prompted or directed

主动性, 主动精神

主动性, 主动精神

Ex: It ’s important to show initiative when tackling challenges at work .在应对工作中的挑战时,展现**主动性**很重要。
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precaution
[名词]

the habit or action of being cautious and taking steps in advance to prevent harm or trouble

预防措施, 预防手段

预防措施, 预防手段

Ex: Following recent security breaches , the government has increased precautions at airports .在最近的安全漏洞之后,政府加强了机场的**预防措施**。
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psyche
[名词]

the entirety of the human mind, including conscious and unconscious elements, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

心灵, 灵魂

心灵, 灵魂

Ex: Therapists work with individuals to explore and navigate the depths of their psyche during counseling sessions .治疗师在咨询过程中与个人合作,探索和引导他们**心灵**的深处。
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to recall
[动词]

to bring back something from the memory

回忆, 回想起

回忆, 回想起

Ex: A scent can often trigger the ability to recall past experiences .一种气味常常能触发**回忆**过去经历的能力。
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to recollect
[动词]

to bring to mind past memories or experiences

回忆, 回想起

回忆, 回想起

Ex: Upon hearing the familiar tune , they both recollected the song that played at their wedding .听到熟悉的旋律,他们都**回忆起**婚礼上播放的那首歌。
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to improvise
[动词]

to create and perform words of a play, music, etc. on impulse and without preparation, particularly because one is forced to do so

即兴创作, 临时凑成

即兴创作, 临时凑成

Ex: Unable to find his notes , the speaker improvised a captivating speech on the spot .找不到他的笔记,演讲者当场**即兴**发表了一场引人入胜的演讲。
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to beware
[动词]

to warn someone to be cautious of a dangerous person or thing

小心, 警惕

小心, 警惕

Ex: Residents are advised to beware of wild animals when hiking in the national park .建议居民在国家公园徒步旅行时**提防**野生动物。
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to distract
[动词]

to cause someone to lose their focus or attention from something they were doing or thinking about

分散注意力, 转移注意力

分散注意力, 转移注意力

Ex: I was distracted by the constant chatter in the room and could n't concentrate on my reading .我被房间里不断的闲聊**分散了注意力**,无法集中精力阅读。
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to make someone acquainted with something

使熟悉, 使习惯

使熟悉, 使习惯

Ex: The software tutorial aims to familiarize users with the key features of the application .软件教程旨在让用户**熟悉**应用程序的关键功能。
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to foretell
[动词]

to predict or say in advance what will happen in the future

预言, 预测

预言, 预测

Ex: He had a knack for foretelling market trends and making successful investments .他有**预测**市场趋势并进行成功投资的诀窍。
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to foresee
[动词]

to know or predict something before it happens

预见, 预料

预见, 预料

Ex: He foresaw a rise in demand for the product and stocked up .他**预见**到产品需求的上升并囤积了货物。
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to heed
[动词]

to be attentive to advice or a warning

注意, 听从

注意, 听从

Ex: Despite her friends ' warnings , she chose not to heed them and continued with her risky behavior .尽管朋友警告,她选择不**理会**他们,继续她的冒险行为。
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impressionable
[形容词]

easily influenced or affected by others or external factors, especially due to a lack of experience or critical judgment

易受影响的, 可塑的

易受影响的, 可塑的

Ex: His impressionable nature made him vulnerable to persuasive advertising and marketing tactics .他**易受影响**的天性使他容易受到有说服力的广告和营销策略的影响。
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impervious
[形容词]

resistant to being affected or damaged by something

不透的, 无感觉的

不透的, 无感觉的

Ex: The high-quality paint was impervious to fading and wear .高质量的油漆**不受**褪色和磨损的影响。
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cognizant
[形容词]

having knowledge or awareness about something

认知的, 知情的

认知的, 知情的

Ex: He was cognizant of his limitations and knew when to ask for help .他**意识到**自己的局限性,知道何时寻求帮助。
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astute
[形容词]

having a clever and practical ability to make wise and effective decisions

精明的, 敏锐的

精明的, 敏锐的

Ex: The manager 's astute leadership skills guided the team through challenging projects .经理**精明**的领导技能指导团队完成了具有挑战性的项目。
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savvy
[形容词]

possessing practical knowledge, expertise, or understanding in a particular domain

精明的, 懂行的

精明的, 懂行的

Ex: The savvy traveler knows how to find the best deals on flights and accommodations .**精明的**旅行者知道如何找到航班和住宿的最佳优惠。
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sagacious
[形容词]

having keen, farsighted judgment and the ability to discern deeply and wisely

睿智的, 明智的

睿智的, 明智的

Ex: A sagacious mentor can provide invaluable guidance during challenging times .一位**睿智的**导师可以在充满挑战的时期提供宝贵的指导。
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shrewd
[形容词]

having or showing good judgement, especially in business or politics

精明的, 机灵的

精明的, 机灵的

Ex: Her shrewd analysis of the situation enabled her to make strategic moves that outmaneuvered her competitors .她对局势的**精明分析**使她能够做出战略性的举动,从而胜过竞争对手。
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sentient
[形容词]

possessing the ability to experience, feel, or perceive things through the senses

有感知的, 有意识的

有感知的, 有意识的

Ex: The ethical treatment of sentient creatures is a significant concern in animal welfare.对**有知觉**生物的伦理对待是动物福利中的一个重要关注点。
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conscious
[形容词]

aware of and responsive to one's surroundings

有意识的, 清醒的

有意识的, 清醒的

Ex: She was conscious of the people around her as she walked through the busy city streets .尽管发生了事故,司机仍然**清醒**且警觉。
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perceptive
[形容词]

(of a person) able to quickly and accurately understand or notice things due to keen awareness and insight

敏锐的, 有洞察力的

敏锐的, 有洞察力的

Ex: Being perceptive helped her identify opportunities others missed .**敏锐**帮助她识别了别人错过的机会。
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imaginative
[形容词]

displaying or having creativity or originality

富有想象力的, 有创意的

富有想象力的, 有创意的

Ex: He has an imaginative mind , constantly coming up with innovative solutions to challenges .他有一个**富有想象力的**头脑,不断提出创新的解决方案来应对挑战。
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acumen
[名词]

sharp judgment and quick decision-making, especially in practical or professional matters

敏锐, 洞察力

敏锐, 洞察力

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the quality of being alert and paying close attention to things

注意力, 警觉性

注意力, 警觉性

Ex: The teacher 's attentiveness to students ' needs fostered a positive learning environment .教师对学生需求的**关注**促进了积极的学习环境。
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vigilance
[名词]

the state or quality of being watchful and attentive, especially to detect potential danger or problems

警惕, 注意

警惕, 注意

Ex: Parental vigilance is crucial in ensuring child safety in public places .在公共场所确保儿童安全方面,父母的**警惕性**至关重要。
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inference
[名词]

a conclusion one reaches from the existing evidence or known facts

推论, 推断

推论, 推断

Ex: The teacher encouraged students to practice making inferences while reading to enhance their comprehension skills .老师鼓励学生在阅读时练习进行**推理**,以提高他们的理解能力。
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cognition
[名词]

the result of a mental processing or understanding

认知, 认识

认知, 认识

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deduction
[名词]

the process of using general rules or ideas to make a specific conclusion

演绎, 演绎推理

演绎, 演绎推理

Ex: From the general rule , she made a clear deduction about what to do next .从一般规则出发,她对下一步该做什么做出了明确的**推论**。
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facility
[名词]

the quality of performing tasks or activities with ease and without difficulty

轻松, 熟练

轻松, 熟练

Ex: The engineer showed facility in solving complex problems with innovative solutions .工程师展示了用创新解决方案解决复杂问题的**轻松性**。
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instinct
[名词]

a natural reaction or behavior that occurs automatically, without conscious thought or reasoning

本能, 冲动

本能, 冲动

Ex: The swimmer 's instinct to hold her breath underwater helped her win the race .游泳者在水下屏住呼吸的**本能**帮助她赢得了比赛。
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intuition
[名词]

the ability to understand or know something immediately, without conscious reasoning or evidence

直觉, 预感

直觉, 预感

Ex: The detective 's sharp intuition helped solve the case quickly .艺术家的**直觉**影响了这幅画的构图。
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genius
[名词]

an exceptional mental ability or talent that is unique and outstanding

天才, 非凡的才能

天才, 非凡的才能

Ex: The artist 's genius for painting moved people deeply .这位艺术家在绘画上的**天才**深深地打动了人们。
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subconscious
[名词]

the part of the mind that is not currently in focused awareness, but still influences thoughts, feelings, and behavior, often through automatic or involuntary processes

潜意识, 无意识

潜意识, 无意识

Ex: The therapist helped him explore the hidden layers of his subconscious.治疗师帮助他探索了他**潜意识**的隐藏层面。
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aspiration
[名词]

a strong will to achieve something

抱负, 雄心

抱负, 雄心

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imprudence
[名词]

the quality of making decisions or taking actions without considering potential risks or consequences

轻率

轻率

Ex: Her imprudence in trusting strangers led to a series of unfortunate events .她轻信陌生人的**轻率**导致了一系列不幸事件。
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folly
[名词]

the quality of behaving in a foolish or reckless manner, often without considering the consequences

愚蠢, 鲁莽

愚蠢, 鲁莽

Ex: The politician 's public remarks caused widespread controversy and were regarded as political folly.这位政治家的公开言论引起了广泛的争议,被视为政治**愚蠢**。
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trance
[名词]

a mental state characterized by a fragile consciousness and reduced ability for voluntary action, often resembling a deep sleep

恍惚, 出神状态

恍惚, 出神状态

Ex: The hypnotist induced a trance to help the patient explore their subconscious thoughts .催眠师诱导了一种**恍惚状态**,以帮助患者探索他们的潜意识思想。
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ignorance
[名词]

the fact or state of not having the necessary information, knowledge, or understanding of something

无知

无知

Ex: The ignorance of some people about climate change highlights the need for more widespread awareness and education on environmental issues .一些人对气候变化的**无知**凸显了在环境问题上需要更广泛的意识和教育。
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delusion
[名词]

(psychology) a mental condition in which a person has a false belief system that is contradicted by evidence

妄想,  幻觉

妄想, 幻觉

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delirium
[名词]

a state of extreme mental confusion, often accompanied by confused or unclear thoughts or speech

谵妄, 极度精神混乱的状态

谵妄, 极度精神混乱的状态

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insanity
[名词]

a state of severe mental disorder affecting a person's ability to understand reality, think rationally, or behave in a socially acceptable manner

疯狂, 精神错乱

疯狂, 精神错乱

Ex: Legal standards often require a significant cognitive impairment for insanity.法律标准通常要求**精神错乱**具有显著的认知障碍。
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incapacity
[名词]

the lack of intellectual or mental power to do something

无能力, 无能

无能力, 无能

Ex: The patient 's cognitive decline resulted in an incapacity to manage their financial affairs and make sound financial decisions .患者的认知能力下降导致**无法**管理他们的财务事务并做出合理的财务决策。
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a perceptual experience in which an individual perceives something that is not present in the external environment

幻觉, 错觉

幻觉, 错觉

Ex: Hallucinations can be a symptom of certain medical conditions , including neurological disorders or brain injuries .**幻觉**可能是某些医疗状况的症状,包括神经系统疾病或脑损伤。
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fallacy
[名词]

a false idea or belief based on invalid arguments, often one that many people think is true

谬误, 错觉

谬误, 错觉

Ex: The belief that all members of a particular ethnic group are universally untrustworthy is a fallacy built on stereotypes and can lead to discrimination and prejudice .认为某个特定种族群体的所有成员普遍不可信的信念是一种基于刻板印象的**谬误**,并可能导致歧视和偏见。
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a mistaken or inaccurate belief or understanding about something

误解, 错误观念

误解, 错误观念

Ex: There 's a misconception that all artists are starving or struggling financially .有一种**误解**认为所有的艺术家都在挨饿或经济上挣扎。
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to neglect
[动词]

to pay little or no attention to something or someone, often leading to issues or problems

忽视, 疏忽

忽视, 疏忽

Ex: Neglecting cybersecurity measures in today 's digital age can expose your personal information to potential threats .在当今的数字时代**忽视**网络安全措施可能会使您的个人信息暴露于潜在威胁之下。
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to disregard
[动词]

to intentionally ignore or act without concern for something or someone that deserves consideration

忽视, 不顾

忽视, 不顾

Ex: The manager is currently disregarding critical feedback , hindering team improvement .经理目前**无视**关键反馈,阻碍了团队的改进。
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to understand or explain something incorrectly

误解, 错误解释

误解, 错误解释

Ex: The audience misinterpreted the artist 's message , creating controversy over the artwork .观众**误解**了艺术家的信息,引发了关于艺术品的争议。
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to overlook
[动词]

to not notice or see something

忽略, 遗漏

忽略, 遗漏

Ex: Be cautious not to overlook the signs of wear and tear in equipment maintenance .小心不要**忽视**设备维护中的磨损迹象。
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oblivious
[形容词]

lacking conscious awareness of something

不知不觉的, 无知的

不知不觉的, 无知的

Ex: The children were oblivious to the time , playing happily in the park long after sunset .孩子们对时间**毫无察觉**,日落很久后还在公园里快乐地玩耍。
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deranged
[形容词]

incapable of behaving normally or thinking clearly due to mental illness

精神错乱的, 疯狂的

精神错乱的, 疯狂的

Ex: After the accident , her mind was so deranged that she could n't recognize her own family .事故发生后,她的精神如此**错乱**,以至于无法认出自己的家人。
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insensible
[形容词]

not noticing or caring about something

无感觉的, 漠不关心的

无感觉的, 漠不关心的

Ex: The politician was insensible to public opinion , pursuing unpopular policies .这位政治家对公众意见**无动于衷**,追求不受欢迎的政策。
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naive
[形容词]

lacking experience, wisdom, or understanding about the world, often resulting in being overly trusting or easily deceived

天真的, 缺乏经验的

天真的, 缺乏经验的

Ex: The naive interpretation of the contract terms caused misunderstandings between the parties involved .对合同条款的**天真**解释导致了相关各方之间的误解。
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