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Vocabulário Essencial para o TOEFL - Ponto de vista

Aqui você aprenderá algumas palavras em inglês sobre ponto de vista, como "defender", "disputar", "posição", etc., que são necessárias para o exame TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL

to firmly and persistently express an opinion, belief, or statement as true and valid

sustentar, afirmar

sustentar, afirmar

Ex: They maintain that their product is the best on the market based on customer feedback .Eles **mantêm** que o seu produto é o melhor no mercado com base no feedback dos clientes.
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to hold
[verbo]

to have a specific opinion or belief about someone or something

manter, ter

manter, ter

Ex: The community holds great affection for their local hero .
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to defend
[verbo]

to support someone or try to justify an action, plan, etc.

defender, apoiar

defender, apoiar

Ex: The writer ’s latest book aims to defend her controversial views on social issues .O livro mais recente do escritor visa **defender** seus pontos de vista controversos sobre questões sociais.
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to publicly support or recommend something

defender, advogar

defender, advogar

Ex: Parents often advocate for improvements in the education system for the benefit of their children .Os pais frequentemente **defendem** melhorias no sistema educacional para o benefício de seus filhos.
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to form an opinion by considering the information at hand

avaliar, estimar

avaliar, estimar

Ex: They calculated that they would need additional staff to meet the deadline .Eles **calcularam** que precisariam de pessoal adicional para cumprir o prazo.
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to dispute
[verbo]

to argue with someone, particularly over the ownership of something, facts, etc.

disputar, discutir

disputar, discutir

Ex: The athletes disputed the referee 's decision , claiming it was unfair and biased .Os atletas **discutiam** a decisão do árbitro, alegando que era injusta e tendenciosa.
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to draw a general conclusion based on specific cases that can be irrelevant to other situations

generalizar

generalizar

Ex: Based on a few negative experiences , he wrongly generalized that all the workshops were unproductive .Com base em algumas experiências negativas, ele **generalizou** erroneamente que todas as oficinas eram improdutivas.
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to disagree with or not fit well with a specific rule, concept, or standard

ir contra, contradizer

ir contra, contradizer

Ex: The new policy goes against the standard procedures followed by most government agencies .A nova política **vai contra** os procedimentos padrão seguidos pela maioria das agências governamentais.
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to invoke
[verbo]

to mention someone or something of prominence as a support or reason for an argument or action

invocar, apelar para

invocar, apelar para

Ex: In his defense , he invoked his right to remain silent during questioning .Em sua defesa, ele **invocou** seu direito de permanecer em silêncio durante o interrogatório.
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to stand
[verbo]

to have a certain opinion regarding an issue

ficar, ser

ficar, ser

Ex: Where do you stand on this issue ?Onde você **se posiciona** nesta questão?
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to form a theory or opinion about a subject without knowing all the facts

especular, formular teorias

especular, formular teorias

Ex: Neighbors started speculating about the reasons for the sudden increase in security measures .Os vizinhos começaram a **especular** sobre as razões do aumento repentino das medidas de segurança.
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to differ
[verbo]

to disagree with someone or to hold different opinions, viewpoints, or beliefs

diferir, discordar

diferir, discordar

Ex: The team members differed in their preferences for the design of the new website .Os membros da equipe **diferiram** em suas preferências para o design do novo site.
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to disagree with someone, particularly by asserting the opposite of their statement

contradizer, desmentir

contradizer, desmentir

Ex: She contradicted him by providing a different perspective on the issue .Ela o **contradisseu** ao fornecer uma perspectiva diferente sobre o assunto.
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to bet
[verbo]

to express confidence or certainty in something happening or being the case

apostar, jogar

apostar, jogar

Ex: I bet she 's still in bed .**Aposto** que ela ainda está na cama.
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assessment
[substantivo]

the act of judging or evaluating someone or something carefully based on specific standards or principles

avaliação, julgamento

avaliação, julgamento

Ex: The annual performance assessment helped employees and managers identify areas for improvement .A **avaliação** anual de desempenho ajudou funcionários e gerentes a identificar áreas de melhoria.
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assertion
[substantivo]

the act of claiming something or declaring something to be true

afirmação, declaração

afirmação, declaração

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bias
[substantivo]

a prejudice that prevents fair consideration of a situation

Ex: The judge recused himself from the case to avoid any perception of bias due to his personal connection with one of the parties involved .
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controversial
[adjetivo]

causing a lot of strong public disagreement or discussion

controverso,  polêmico

controverso, polêmico

Ex: She made a controversial claim about the health benefits of the diet .Ela fez uma alegação **controversa** sobre os benefícios para a saúde da dieta.
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counterargument
[substantivo]

an opposing argument or viewpoint that challenges an idea or theory

contra-argumento, argumento oposto

contra-argumento, argumento oposto

Ex: The professor encouraged students to consider counterarguments to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the topic .O professor encorajou os alunos a considerar **contra-argumentos** para desenvolver uma compreensão mais abrangente do tópico.
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furthermore
[advérbio]

used to introduce additional information

além disso, ademais

além disso, ademais

Ex: Jack 's leadership inspires success and adaptability ; furthermore, his vision drives the project forward .A liderança de Jack inspira sucesso e adaptabilidade; **além disso**, sua visão impulsiona o projeto para frente.
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to oppose
[verbo]

to strongly disagree with a policy, plan, idea, etc. and try to prevent or change it

opor-se, resistir

opor-se, resistir

Ex: He strongly opposed her idea , believing it would not solve the underlying problem .Ele se **opôs** fortemente à sua ideia, acreditando que não resolveria o problema subjacente.
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to object
[verbo]

to give a fact or an opinion as a reason against something

objetar, opor-se

objetar, opor-se

Ex: Local residents objected that the new factory would cause significant pollution in the area .Os residentes locais **objetaram** que a nova fábrica causaria poluição significativa na área.
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inclined
[adjetivo]

having a tendency to do something

inclinado, propenso

inclinado, propenso

Ex: He is inclined to procrastinate when faced with difficult tasks .Ele está **inclinado** a procrastinar quando enfrenta tarefas difíceis.
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moderate
[adjetivo]

(of a person or ideology) not extreme or radical and considered reasonable by a majority of people

moderado, moderado

moderado, moderado

Ex: She is a moderate person who listens to all sides before making decisions .Ela é uma pessoa **moderada** que ouve todos os lados antes de tomar decisões.
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mainstream
[substantivo]

the opinions, activities, or methods that are considered normal because they are accepted by a majority of people

corrente principal, mainstream

corrente principal, mainstream

Ex: His views were considered outside the mainstream of political thought .Seus pontos de vista eram considerados fora do **mainstream** do pensamento político.
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division
[substantivo]

disagreement among members of a group or society

divisão, desacordo

divisão, desacordo

Ex: A strong sense of division emerged after the policy changes were announced .Um forte sentimento de **divisão** surgiu após as mudanças na política serem anunciadas.
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inference
[substantivo]

a conclusion one reaches from the existing evidence or known facts

inferência, dedução

inferência, dedução

Ex: The teacher encouraged students to practice making inferences while reading to enhance their comprehension skills .O professor incentivou os alunos a praticar a realização de **inferências** durante a leitura para melhorar suas habilidades de compreensão.
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objective
[adjetivo]

based only on facts and not influenced by personal feelings or judgments

objetivo, imparcial

objetivo, imparcial

Ex: A good judge must remain objective in every case .Um bom juiz deve permanecer **objetivo** em cada caso.
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subjective
[adjetivo]

based on or influenced by personal feelings or opinions rather than facts

subjetivo, pessoal

subjetivo, pessoal

Ex: Their ranking system was too subjective, making it hard to measure fairness .O sistema de classificação deles era muito **subjetivo**, dificultando a medição da justiça.
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arguable
[adjetivo]

open to question and disagreement

discutível, questionável

discutível, questionável

Ex: The effectiveness of the proposed solution is arguable, as it has both supporters and critics .A eficácia da solução proposta é **discutível**, pois tem tanto apoiadores quanto críticos.
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affirmative
[adjetivo]

favorable or supportive in attitude or response

afirmativo, favorável

afirmativo, favorável

Ex: The senator 's speech was met with affirmative cheers from the audience , showing widespread agreement with his views .O discurso do senador foi recebido com aplausos **afirmativos** do público, mostrando um amplo acordo com seus pontos de vista.
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argumentative
[adjetivo]

(of a person) ready to argue and often arguing

argumentativo,  discutidor

argumentativo, discutidor

Ex: Despite his argumentative tendencies , he was respected for his critical thinking skills .Apesar de suas tendências **argumentativas**, ele era respeitado por suas habilidades de pensamento crítico.
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challenging
[adjetivo]

intending to provoke thought or discussion

estimulante, provocador

estimulante, provocador

Ex: His speech was challenging, urging the audience to reconsider their beliefs.Seu discurso foi **desafiador**, instando o público a reconsiderar suas crenças.
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hostile
[adjetivo]

opposing something strongly

hostil, adverso

hostil, adverso

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consistency
[substantivo]

the quality of always acting or being the same way, or having the same opinions or standards

consistência,  constância

consistência, constância

Ex: Her consistency in academic performance earned her recognition as the top student in the class .A sua **consistência** no desempenho acadêmico valeu-lhe o reconhecimento como a melhor aluna da turma.
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criticism
[substantivo]

negative feedback that highlights mistakes or areas for improvement

crítica,  censura

crítica, censura

Ex: The manager ’s criticism pushed the team to perform better next time .As **críticas** do gerente impulsionaram a equipe a performar melhor da próxima vez.
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Vocabulário Essencial para o TOEFL
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