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Essential Vocabulary for TOEFL - Point of View

Here you will learn some English words about point of view, such as "defend", "dispute", "stand", etc. that are needed for the TOEFL exam.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
to maintain

to firmly and persistently express an opinion, belief, or statement as true and valid

Ex: They maintain that their product is the best on the market based on customer feedback .
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to hold
to hold
[Verb]

to have a specific opinion or belief about someone or something

Ex: The community holds great affection for their local hero .
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to defend
to defend
[Verb]

to support someone or try to justify an action, plan, etc.

Ex: The writer 's latest book aims to defend her controversial views on social issues .
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to advocate

to publicly support or recommend something

Ex: Parents often advocate for improvements in the education system for the benefit of their children .
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to calculate

to form an opinion by considering the information at hand

Ex: They calculated that they would need additional staff to meet the deadline .
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to dispute

to argue with someone, particularly over the ownership of something, facts, etc.

Ex: The athletes disputed the referee 's decision , claiming it was unfair and biased .
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to generalize

to form a broad conclusion or principle by considering specific instances

Ex: He tended to generalize from one example to the whole class .
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to go against

to disagree with or not fit well with a specific rule, concept, or standard

Ex: The new policy goes against the standard procedures followed by most government agencies .
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to invoke
to invoke
[Verb]

to mention someone or something of prominence as a support or reason for an argument or action

Ex: In his defense , he invoked his right to remain silent during questioning .
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to stand
to stand
[Verb]

to have a certain opinion regarding an issue

Ex: Where do you stand on this issue ?
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to speculate

to form a theory or opinion about a subject without knowing all the facts

Ex: Neighbors started speculating about the reasons for the sudden increase in security measures .
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to differ
to differ
[Verb]

to disagree with someone or to hold different opinions, viewpoints, or beliefs

Ex: The team members differed in their preferences for the design of the new website .
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to contradict

to disagree with someone, particularly by asserting the opposite of their statement

Ex: She contradicted him by providing a different perspective on the issue .
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to bet
to bet
[Verb]

to express confidence or certainty in something happening or being the case

Ex: I bet she 's still in bed .
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assessment

the act of judging or evaluating someone or something carefully based on specific standards or principles

Ex: The annual performance assessment helped employees and managers identify areas for improvement .
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assertion
assertion
[noun]

the act of claiming something or declaring something to be true

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bias
bias
[noun]

a prejudice that prevents fair consideration of a situation

Ex: Bias in hiring practices can limit diversity within a company.
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controversial
controversial
[Adjective]

causing a lot of strong public disagreement or discussion

Ex: She made a controversial claim about the health benefits of the diet .
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counterargument

an opposing argument or viewpoint that challenges an idea or theory

Ex: The professor encouraged students to consider counterarguments to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the topic .
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furthermore
furthermore
[Adverb]

used to introduce additional information

Ex: Jack 's leadership inspires success and adaptability ; furthermore, his vision drives the project forward .
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to oppose
to oppose
[Verb]

to strongly disagree with a policy, plan, idea, etc. and try to prevent or change it

Ex: He strongly opposed her idea , believing it would not solve the underlying problem .
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to object
to object
[Verb]

to give a fact or an opinion as a reason against something

Ex: Local residents objected that the new factory would cause significant pollution in the area .
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inclined
inclined
[Adjective]

having a tendency to do something

Ex: He is inclined to procrastinate when faced with difficult tasks .
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moderate
moderate
[Adjective]

(of a person or ideology) not extreme or radical and considered reasonable by a majority of people

Ex: She is a moderate person who listens to all sides before making decisions .
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mainstream

the opinions, activities, or methods that are considered normal because they are accepted by a majority of people

Ex: His views were considered outside the mainstream of political thought .
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division
division
[noun]

disagreement among members of a group or society

Ex: A strong sense of division emerged after the policy changes were announced .
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inference
inference
[noun]

a conclusion one reaches from the existing evidence or known facts

Ex: The teacher encouraged students to practice making inferences while reading to enhance their comprehension skills .
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objective
objective
[Adjective]

based only on facts and not influenced by personal feelings or judgments

Ex: A good judge must remain objective in every case .
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subjective
subjective
[Adjective]

based on or influenced by personal feelings or opinions rather than facts

Ex: Their ranking system was too subjective, making it hard to measure fairness .
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arguable
arguable
[Adjective]

open to question and disagreement

Ex: The effectiveness of the proposed solution is arguable, as it has both supporters and critics .
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affirmative
affirmative
[Adjective]

favorable or supportive in attitude or response

Ex: The senator 's speech was met with affirmative cheers from the audience , showing widespread agreement with his views .
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argumentative
argumentative
[Adjective]

(of a person) ready to argue and often arguing

Ex: Despite his argumentative tendencies , he was respected for his critical thinking skills .
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challenging
challenging
[Adjective]

intending to provoke thought or discussion

Ex: His speech was challenging, urging the audience to reconsider their beliefs.
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hostile
hostile
[Adjective]

strongly opposing or resistant to something

Ex: Hostile forces worked to undermine the plan .
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consistency

the quality of always acting or being the same way, or having the same opinions or standards

Ex: Her consistency in academic performance earned her recognition as the top student in the class .
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criticism
criticism
[noun]

negative feedback that highlights mistakes or areas for improvement

Ex: The manager ’s criticism pushed the team to perform better next time .
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