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Základní Slovní Zásoba pro TOEFL - Úhel pohledu

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slovíčka o úhlu pohledu, jako např. „defend“, „dispute“, „stand“ atd., která jsou potřebná ke zkoušce TOEFL.

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Essential Words Needed for TOEFL
to maintain
[sloveso]

to firmly and persistently express an opinion, belief, or statement as true and valid

trvat na, uplatňovat

trvat na, uplatňovat

Ex: maintain that their product is the best on the market based on customer feedback .
to hold
[sloveso]

to have a specific opinion or belief about someone or something

držet, mít

držet, mít

Ex: The holds great affection for their local hero .
to defend
[sloveso]

to support someone or try to justify an action, plan, etc.

obhajovat, bránit

obhajovat, bránit

Ex: The writer ’s latest book aims defend her controversial views on social issues .
to advocate
[sloveso]

to publicly support or recommend something

prosazovat, obhajovat

prosazovat, obhajovat

Ex: Parents advocate for improvements in the education system for the benefit of their children .
to calculate
[sloveso]

to form an opinion by considering the information at hand

odhadovat, vypočítat

odhadovat, vypočítat

Ex: calculated that they would need additional staff to meet the deadline .
to dispute
[sloveso]

to argue with someone, particularly over the ownership of something, facts, etc.

spochybňovat, kontestovat

spochybňovat, kontestovat

to generalize
[sloveso]

to draw a general conclusion based on specific cases that can be irrelevant to other situations

generalizovat, zobecnit

generalizovat, zobecnit

to go against
[sloveso]

to disagree with or not fit well with a specific rule, concept, or standard

jít proti, podkopávat

jít proti, podkopávat

Ex: The new goes against the standard procedures followed by most government agencies .
to invoke
[sloveso]

to mention someone or something of prominence as a support or reason for an argument or action

vyvolat, odvolávat se na

vyvolat, odvolávat se na

Ex: In his defense , invoked his right to remain silent during questioning .
to stand
[sloveso]

to have a certain opinion regarding an issue

stavět se, být postaven

stavět se, být postaven

Ex: Where do stand on this issue ?
to speculate
[sloveso]

to form a theory or opinion about a subject without knowing all the facts

spekulovat, domnívat se

spekulovat, domnívat se

Ex: Neighbors speculating about the reasons for the sudden increase in security measures .
to differ
[sloveso]

to disagree with someone or to hold different opinions, viewpoints, or beliefs

lišit se, rozdávat se

lišit se, rozdávat se

to contradict
[sloveso]

to disagree with someone, particularly by asserting the opposite of their statement

popřít, odporovat

popřít, odporovat

Ex: contradicted him by providing a different perspective on the issue .
to bet
[sloveso]

to express confidence or certainty in something happening or being the case

vsadit (si), tipovat

vsadit (si), tipovat

Ex: bet she 's still in bed .
assessment
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of judging or evaluating someone or something carefully based on specific standards or principles

hodnocení, posouzení

hodnocení, posouzení

Ex: The annual assessment helped employees and managers identify areas for improvement .
assertion
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of claiming something or declaring something to be true

tvrzení, prohlášení

tvrzení, prohlášení

bias
[Podstatné jméno]

a behavior that favors a particular perspective, ideology, or outcom, often resulting in unfair judgment of someone or something

předpojatost, zaujatost

předpojatost, zaujatost

Ex: The judge recused himself from the case to avoid any perception bias due to his personal connection with one of the parties involved .
controversial
[Přídavné jméno]

causing a lot of strong public disagreement or discussion

kontroverzní, sporný

kontroverzní, sporný

Ex: She made controversial claim about the health benefits of the diet .
counterargument
[Podstatné jméno]

an opposing argument or viewpoint that challenges an idea or theory

protiargument, námitka

protiargument, námitka

Ex: The professor encouraged students to counterarguments to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the topic .
furthermore
[Příslovce]

used to introduce additional information

navíc, dále

navíc, dále

Ex: Jack 's leadership inspires success and adaptabilityfurthermore, his vision drives the project forward .
to oppose
[sloveso]

to strongly disagree with a policy, plan, idea, etc. and try to prevent or change it

opatřovat, protiřečit

opatřovat, protiřečit

Ex: He opposed her idea , believing it would not solve the underlying problem .
to object
[sloveso]

to give a fact or an opinion as a reason against something

namítat, odporovat

namítat, odporovat

inclined
[Přídavné jméno]

having a tendency to do something

skloněný, nakloněný

skloněný, nakloněný

Ex: He inclined to procrastinate when faced with difficult tasks .
moderate
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a person or ideology) not extreme or radical and considered reasonable by a majority of people

umírněný, mírný

umírněný, mírný

Ex: She is moderate person who listens to all sides before making decisions .
mainstream
[Podstatné jméno]

the opinions, activities, or methods that are considered normal because they are accepted by a majority of people

mainstream, hlavní proud

mainstream, hlavní proud

Ex: His views were considered outside mainstream of political thought .
division
[Podstatné jméno]

disagreement among members of a group or society

názorový rozpor, rozdělení

názorový rozpor, rozdělení

Ex: A strong sense division emerged after the policy changes were announced .
inference
[Podstatné jméno]

a conclusion one reaches from the existing evidence or known facts

inference, závěr

inference, závěr

Ex: The teacher encouraged students to practice inferences while reading to enhance their comprehension skills .
objective
[Přídavné jméno]

based only on facts and not influenced by personal feelings or judgments

objektivní, neobjektivní

objektivní, neobjektivní

subjective
[Přídavné jméno]

based on or influenced by personal feelings or opinions rather than facts

subjektivní, osobní

subjektivní, osobní

Ex: Their ranking system was subjective, making it hard to measure fairness .
arguable
[Přídavné jméno]

open to question and disagreement

diskutabilní, pochybný

diskutabilní, pochybný

Ex: The effectiveness of the proposed solution arguable, as it has both supporters and critics .
affirmative
[Přídavné jméno]

favorable or supportive in attitude or response

podporný, příznivý

podporný, příznivý

Ex: The senator 's speech was affirmative cheers from the audience , showing widespread agreement with his views .
argumentative
[Přídavné jméno]

(of a person) ready to argue and often arguing

argumentativní, sporý

argumentativní, sporý

Ex: Despite argumentative tendencies , he was respected for his critical thinking skills .
challenging
[Přídavné jméno]

intending to provoke thought or discussion

provokativní, výzvou

provokativní, výzvou

Ex: She offered challenging opinion that no one expected .
hostile
[Přídavné jméno]

opposing something strongly

hostilní, nepřátelský

hostilní, nepřátelský

consistency
[Podstatné jméno]

the quality of always acting or being the same way, or having the same opinions or standards

konzistence, stabilita

konzistence, stabilita

Ex: consistency in academic performance earned her recognition as the top student in the class .
criticism
[Podstatné jméno]

negative feedback that highlights mistakes or areas for improvement

kritika, negativní zpětná vazba

kritika, negativní zpětná vazba

Ex: The managercriticism pushed the team to perform better next time .
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