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Vocabular pentru IELTS Academic (Scor 6-7) - Physics

Aici, vei învăța câteva cuvinte în engleză legate de Fizică care sunt necesare pentru examenul Academic IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
resistor
resistor
[substantiv]

an electrical component designed to limit or control the flow of electric current in a circuit, typically by providing resistance

rezistor, rezistență

rezistor, rezistență

Ex: In electronic circuits, resistors are commonly used to regulate the flow of current and protect sensitive components. 
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capacitor
capacitor
[substantiv]

an electric device that is used to accumulate electric charge

condensator, capacitor

condensator, capacitor

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thermodynamics
thermodynamics
[substantiv]

the branch of physical science that deals with the relationships between heat, work, and energy, particularly the principles governing the conversion of various forms of energy

termodinamică

termodinamică

Ex: The first law of thermodynamics, also known as the law of conservation of energy, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted from one form to another. 
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dark matter
dark matter
[substantiv]

(physics) an invisible substance that makes up most of the universe's mass, detectable only through its gravitational effects

materie întunecată, materie neagră

materie întunecată, materie neagră

Ex: Dark matter is a form of matter that does not emit, absorb, or reflect light, making it invisible and detectable only through its gravitational effects. 
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photon
photon
[substantiv]

a fundamental particle of light that carries electromagnetic energy and exhibits both particle-like and wave-like properties

foton, cuantă de lumină

foton, cuantă de lumină

Ex: Photons are the quanta of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, radio waves, and X-rays. 
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frequency
frequency
[substantiv]

the specific number of waves that pass a point every second

frecvență

frecvență

Ex: In physics, frequency is measured in hertz, which represents the number of waves passing a point per second. 
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wavelength
wavelength
[substantiv]

the distance between a point on a wave of energy and a similar point on the next wave

lungime de undă, lungimea unei unde

lungime de undă, lungimea unei unde

Ex: In physics, wavelength is the distance between two consecutive peaks (or troughs) of a wave. 
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reflection
reflection
[substantiv]

the action or process where a wave, such as light or sound, bounces back from a surface instead of passing through

reflexie, reflectare

reflexie, reflectare

Ex: The reflection of light off the mirror allowed him to see around the corner. 
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momentum
momentum
[substantiv]

the strength of a moving object determined by multiplying how heavy it is by how fast it is going

impuls,  moment

impuls, moment

Ex: The car's momentum increased as it accelerated down the highway. 
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inertia
inertia
[substantiv]

the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion, whether at rest or in uniform motion, and to remain in its current state unless acted upon by an external force

inerție, tendința unui obiect de a rezista la schimbări în starea sa de mișcare

inerție, tendința unui obiect de a rezista la schimbări în starea sa de mișcare

Ex: The concept of inertia is encapsulated in Newton's first law of motion, stating that an object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an external force. 
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oscillation
oscillation
[substantiv]

(physics) the back-and-forth motion of an object between two end points

oscilație

oscilație

Ex: Pendulums have proven useful for studying simple harmonic oscillation and modeling more complex periodic motions in dynamic systems. 
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transistor
transistor
[substantiv]

a small semiconductor device, used in television and radio sets, able to amplify or rectify an electric current

tranzistor, tranzistor

tranzistor, tranzistor

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diode
diode
[substantiv]

an electronic device with two terminals, typically allowing the flow of current in one direction only

diodă, dispozitiv electronic cu două terminale

diodă, dispozitiv electronic cu două terminale

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inductor
inductor
[substantiv]

an electronic component that stores energy in a magnetic field when an electric current flows through it; typically consists of a coil of wire

inductor, bobină de inductanță

inductor, bobină de inductanță

Ex: Inductors are fundamental components in electronic circuits, storing energy in a magnetic field and releasing it when the current changes. 
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aerodynamics
aerodynamics
[substantiv]

the study of the behavior of air as it interacts with solid objects, particularly the flow of air around and through objects, and the effects of this interaction on the objects

aerodinamică, studiul aerodinamicii

aerodinamică, studiul aerodinamicii

Ex: Aerodynamics is essential in designing efficient aircraft wings, optimizing their shape for lift and minimizing drag during flight. 
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