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IELTS学术词汇 (分数6-7) - Physics

在这里,你将学习一些与物理学相关的英语单词,这些单词是学术雅思考试所必需的。

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
resistor
[名词]

an electrical component designed to limit or control the flow of electric current in a circuit, typically by providing resistance

电阻器, 电阻

电阻器, 电阻

Ex: Resistors play a role in shaping the frequency response of audio circuits , influencing the tone in electronic musical instruments .**电阻器**在塑造音频电路的频率响应中发挥作用,影响电子乐器的音调。
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capacitor
[名词]

an electric device that is used to accumulate electric charge

电容器, 电容

电容器, 电容

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the branch of physical science that deals with the relationships between heat, work, and energy, particularly the principles governing the conversion of various forms of energy

热力学

热力学

Ex: The study of thermodynamics is essential in chemical engineering to understand and optimize chemical processes involving energy changes .在化学工程中,研究**热力学**对于理解和优化涉及能量变化的化学过程至关重要。
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dark matter
[名词]

(physics) an invisible substance that makes up most of the universe's mass, detectable only through its gravitational effects

暗物质, 黑暗物质

暗物质, 黑暗物质

Ex: Various theories have been proposed to explain the identity of dark matter particles , but conclusive evidence has yet to be found .为了解释**暗物质**粒子的身份,人们提出了各种理论,但尚未找到确凿的证据。
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photon
[名词]

a fundamental particle of light that carries electromagnetic energy and exhibits both particle-like and wave-like properties

光子, 光量子

光子, 光量子

Ex: Fiber optic communication relies on the transmission of data through pulses of light , with each pulse representing a stream of photons.光纤通信依赖于通过光脉冲传输数据,每个脉冲代表一串**光子**。
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frequency
[名词]

the specific number of waves that pass a point every second

频率

频率

Ex: Higher frequencies of light , such as ultraviolet and X-rays , have shorter wavelengths .
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wavelength
[名词]

the distance between a point on a wave of energy and a similar point on the next wave

波长, 一个波的长度

波长, 一个波的长度

Ex: The wavelength of sound waves affects the pitch of the sound , with shorter wavelengths producing higher pitches .声波的**波长**影响声音的音调,波长越短,音调越高。
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reflection
[名词]

the action or process where a wave, such as light or sound, bounces back from a surface instead of passing through

反射, 反映

反射, 反映

Ex: The calm lake 's surface served as a perfect mirror , providing a clear reflection of the surrounding mountains .平静的湖面如同一面完美的镜子,清晰地**反射**出周围的山脉。
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momentum
[名词]

the strength of a moving object determined by multiplying how heavy it is by how fast it is going

动量,  冲量

动量, 冲量

Ex: A heavier object has more momentum if it 's moving at the same speed as a lighter one .如果一个较重的物体以与较轻物体相同的速度移动,则它具有更多的**动量**。
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inertia
[名词]

the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion, whether at rest or in uniform motion, and to remain in its current state unless acted upon by an external force

惯性, 物体抵抗其运动状态变化的倾向

惯性, 物体抵抗其运动状态变化的倾向

Ex: When a bus comes to a sudden stop , passengers may lean forward due to their inertia, continuing their forward motion momentarily .当公共汽车突然停下时,乘客可能会因为**惯性**而向前倾斜,暂时继续他们的向前运动。
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oscillation
[名词]

(physics) the back-and-forth motion of an object between two end points

振荡

振荡

Ex: Gravitationally bound binary star systems undergo regular orbital oscillations as the pair revolve around their mutual center of mass .引力束缚的双星系统在双星围绕它们的共同质心旋转时会经历规则的轨道**振荡**。
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transistor
[名词]

a small semiconductor device, used in television and radio sets, able to amplify or rectify an electric current

晶体管, 晶体管

晶体管, 晶体管

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diode
[名词]

an electronic device with two terminals, typically allowing the flow of current in one direction only

二极管, 具有两个端子的电子元件

二极管, 具有两个端子的电子元件

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inductor
[名词]

an electronic component that stores energy in a magnetic field when an electric current flows through it; typically consists of a coil of wire

电感器, 感应线圈

电感器, 感应线圈

Ex: Inductors are part of complex circuitry in various electronic devices , including amplifiers , oscillators , and radio frequency identification ( RFID ) systems .**电感器**是各种电子设备中复杂电路的一部分,包括放大器、振荡器和射频识别(RFID)系统。
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aerodynamics
[名词]

the study of the behavior of air as it interacts with solid objects, particularly the flow of air around and through objects, and the effects of this interaction on the objects

空气动力学, 空气动力学研究

空气动力学, 空气动力学研究

Ex: The shaping of golf balls considers aerodynamics to optimize their trajectory and distance during a golf swing .高尔夫球的形状考虑了**空气动力学**,以优化高尔夫挥杆过程中的轨迹和距离。
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IELTS学术词汇 (分数6-7)
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