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Словниковий запас для IELTS Academic (Оцінка 6-7) - Physics

Тут ви вивчите деякі англійські слова, пов’язані з фізикою, які необхідні для іспиту Academic IELTS.

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Vocabulary for Academic IELTS (6-7)
resistor
resistor
[іменник]

an electrical component designed to limit or control the flow of electric current in a circuit, typically by providing resistance

резистор, опір

резистор, опір

Ex: In electronic circuits, resistors are commonly used to regulate the flow of current and protect sensitive components. 
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capacitor
capacitor
[іменник]

an electric device that is used to accumulate electric charge

конденсатор, ємність

конденсатор, ємність

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thermodynamics
thermodynamics
[іменник]

the branch of physical science that deals with the relationships between heat, work, and energy, particularly the principles governing the conversion of various forms of energy

термодинаміка

термодинаміка

Ex: The first law of thermodynamics, also known as the law of conservation of energy, states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted from one form to another. 
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dark matter
dark matter
[іменник]

(physics) an invisible substance that makes up most of the universe's mass, detectable only through its gravitational effects

темна матерія, чорна матерія

темна матерія, чорна матерія

Ex: Dark matter is a form of matter that does not emit, absorb, or reflect light, making it invisible and detectable only through its gravitational effects. 
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photon
photon
[іменник]

a fundamental particle of light that carries electromagnetic energy and exhibits both particle-like and wave-like properties

фотон, квант світла

фотон, квант світла

Ex: Photons are the quanta of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, radio waves, and X-rays. 
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frequency
frequency
[іменник]

the specific number of waves that pass a point every second

частота

частота

Ex: In physics, frequency is measured in hertz, which represents the number of waves passing a point per second. 
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wavelength
wavelength
[іменник]

the distance between a point on a wave of energy and a similar point on the next wave

довжина хвилі, довжина однієї хвилі

довжина хвилі, довжина однієї хвилі

Ex: In physics, wavelength is the distance between two consecutive peaks (or troughs) of a wave. 
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reflection
reflection
[іменник]

the action or process where a wave, such as light or sound, bounces back from a surface instead of passing through

відбиття, рефлексія

відбиття, рефлексія

Ex: The reflection of light off the mirror allowed him to see around the corner. 
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momentum
momentum
[іменник]

the strength of a moving object determined by multiplying how heavy it is by how fast it is going

імпульс,  кількість руху

імпульс, кількість руху

Ex: The car's momentum increased as it accelerated down the highway. 
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inertia
inertia
[іменник]

the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion, whether at rest or in uniform motion, and to remain in its current state unless acted upon by an external force

інерція, тенденція об'єкта чинити опір змінам у його стані руху

інерція, тенденція об'єкта чинити опір змінам у його стані руху

Ex: The concept of inertia is encapsulated in Newton's first law of motion, stating that an object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an external force. 
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oscillation
oscillation
[іменник]

(physics) the back-and-forth motion of an object between two end points

коливання

коливання

Ex: Pendulums have proven useful for studying simple harmonic oscillation and modeling more complex periodic motions in dynamic systems. 
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transistor
transistor
[іменник]

a small semiconductor device, used in television and radio sets, able to amplify or rectify an electric current

транзистор, транзистор

транзистор, транзистор

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diode
diode
[іменник]

an electronic device with two terminals, typically allowing the flow of current in one direction only

діод, електронний компонент з двома виводами

діод, електронний компонент з двома виводами

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inductor
inductor
[іменник]

an electronic component that stores energy in a magnetic field when an electric current flows through it; typically consists of a coil of wire

індуктор, котушка індуктивності

індуктор, котушка індуктивності

Ex: Inductors are fundamental components in electronic circuits, storing energy in a magnetic field and releasing it when the current changes. 
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aerodynamics
aerodynamics
[іменник]

the study of the behavior of air as it interacts with solid objects, particularly the flow of air around and through objects, and the effects of this interaction on the objects

аеродинаміка, вивчення аеродинаміки

аеродинаміка, вивчення аеродинаміки

Ex: Aerodynamics is essential in designing efficient aircraft wings, optimizing their shape for lift and minimizing drag during flight. 
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