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Необходимый Словарный Запас для GRE - Космос

Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова о времени и пространстве, такие как "спазматический", "эон", "тысячелетний" и т.д., которые необходимы для экзамена GRE.

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
perpetual
perpetual
[прилагательное]

continuing forever or indefinitely into the future

вечный

вечный

Ex: The lighthouse provides a perpetual light to guide ships at sea. 
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spasmodic
spasmodic
[прилагательное]

occurring in sudden, brief manner, without a regular order or time

спазматический

спазматический

Ex: Her spasmodic laughter interrupted the quiet room. 
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solstice
solstice
[существительное]

either of the two times of the year when the sun reaches its farthest or closest distance from the equator

солнцестояние

солнцестояние

Ex: The winter solstice marks the shortest day and longest night of the year, a time when darkness holds sway over the land and the world seems to stand still. 
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bicentenary
bicentenary
[существительное]

the specific day that an event turns 200 years old

двухсотлетие

двухсотлетие

Ex: The city celebrated the bicentenary of its founding with a grand parade. 
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centenary
centenary
[существительное]

the day that an event becomes 100 years old

столетие

столетие

Ex: They planned a big party for the centenary of the historic battle. 
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diurnal
diurnal
[прилагательное]

having a cycle that happens on a daily basis

дневной

дневной

Ex: The diurnal pattern of the flower's blooming happens every morning. 
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epoch
epoch
[существительное]

a subdivision of a geologic period, characterized by distinctive and globally recognizable rock layers, fossils, and significant changes in Earth's climate and biota

эпоха

эпоха

Ex: Each epoch in Earth's history is defined by unique climate and life forms. 
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equinox
equinox
[существительное]

either of the two moments in a year when the Sun, in its apparent motion along the ecliptic, crosses the celestial equator, resulting in approximately equal periods of daylight and darkness worldwide

равноденствие

равноденствие

Ex: The spring equinox marks the beginning of spring in the Northern Hemisphere. 
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to elapse
to elapse
[глагол]

(of time) to pass by

истечь, пройти

истечь, пройти

Ex: Hours elapsed as they waited for the train to arrive. 
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millennial
millennial
[прилагательное]

relating to a time span of a thousand years

тысячелетний

тысячелетний

Ex: The ancient ruins provide insights into millennial civilizations. 
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Greenwich Mean Time
Greenwich Mean Time
[существительное]

the time as measured at Greenwich, London, on the line of 0° longitude, used to calculate the time across the globe

Гринвич

Гринвич

Ex: The flight schedule was based on Greenwich Mean Time. 
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eventual
eventual
[прилагательное]

happening at the end of a process or a particular period of time

окончательный

окончательный

Ex: After years of hard work and dedication, he finally achieved his eventual goal of becoming a successful entrepreneur. 
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in due (course|time)
in due course
[наречие]

at the appropriate or expected time, without rushing or delay

в должное время

в должное время

Ex: The details of the project will be revealed to the team in due course. 
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to wane
to wane
[глагол]

(of the moon) to gradually decrease in its visible illuminated surface as it progresses from full to new moon

убывать

убывать

Ex: The moon began to wane after the full moon. 
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twilight
twilight
[существительное]

the time in the evening when the sun is below the horizon

сумерки

сумерки

Ex: The colors of the sky during twilight were breathtaking, blending shades of orange and purple. 
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stratospheric
stratospheric
[прилагательное]

the second layer of earth's atmosphere composed of cool and warm layers of air

стратосферный

стратосферный

Ex: Stratospheric ozone helps protect Earth from harmful UV rays. 
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space-time
space-time
[существительное]

the theory that adds the notion of time to that of a three-dimensional space

пространство-время

пространство-время

Ex: According to Einstein's theory of general relativity, gravity is not just a force between masses but the curvature of space-time caused by those masses. 
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orbital
orbital
[прилагательное]

relating to the path or motion of an object as it revolves around another object in space

орбитальный

орбитальный

Ex: Satellites are placed into specific orbital configurations for communication purposes. 
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Nebula
Nebula
[существительное]

a glowing cloud of gas and dust in outer space, often the result of a star explosion or formation

туманность

туманность

Ex: The Orion Nebula is a famous example of a stellar nursery. 
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umbra
umbra
[существительное]

the part of a shadow that is completely dark; caused by acute light blockage

умбра

умбра

Ex: During the eclipse, the moon cast an umbra on the Earth's surface. 
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to wax
to wax
[глагол]

(of the moon) to progressively display a larger illuminated section until it turns into a full moon

прибывать

прибывать

Ex: As the month progressed, the moon began to wax, growing from a thin crescent to a full moon. 
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meteoroid
meteoroid
[существительное]

a small celestial body that becomes visible as a meteor upon entrance into the atmosphere of the earth

метеороид

метеороид

Ex: A meteoroid is a small rocky or metallic object in outer space that is significantly smaller than an asteroid and larger than a micrometeoroid. 
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meteorite
meteorite
[существительное]

a piece of rock or metal from space that has hit the surface of the earth

метеорит

метеорит

Ex: Scientists analyzed the composition of the meteorite that fell in the desert last month. 
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meteor
meteor
[существительное]

a piece of rock coming from outer space that passes through the Earth's atmosphere, producing light

метеор

метеор

Ex: We saw a bright meteor streak across the sky during the meteor shower last night. 
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magnetic storm
magnetic storm
[существительное]

a disruption in earth's magnetic field caused by solar activity, resulting in variations that can impact electronic systems and communications on earth

магнитная буря

магнитная буря

Ex: A magnetic storm, also known as a geomagnetic storm, is a disturbance in Earth's magnetosphere caused by solar wind interactions. 
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intergalactic
intergalactic
[прилагательное]

existing or occurring between galaxies

межгалактический

межгалактический

Ex: Science fiction often explores the concept of intergalactic civilizations. 
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interplanetary
interplanetary
[прилагательное]

existing or occurring between planets

межпланетный

межпланетный

Ex: Interplanetary spacecraft like Voyager 1 have traveled beyond our solar system. 
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interstellar
interstellar
[прилагательное]

situated or occurring between stars or within the space that exists between stars

межзвездный

межзвездный

Ex: Interstellar travel involves journeying between star systems within the Milky Way galaxy or beyond. 
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hyperspace
hyperspace
[существительное]

(specialist) space that consists of more than three dimensions

гиперпространство

гиперпространство

Ex: Scientists are exploring theories about travel through hyperspace. 
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extraterrestrial
extraterrestrial
[прилагательное]

relating to or originating from outside the Earth or its atmosphere

внеземной

внеземной

Ex: Extraterrestrial life refers to organisms that exist beyond Earth. 
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exoplanet
exoplanet
[существительное]

a planet that is outside the solar system

экзопланета

экзопланета

Ex: Astronomers have discovered thousands of exoplanets orbiting stars beyond our solar system. 
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dark matter
dark matter
[существительное]

(physics) an invisible substance that makes up most of the universe's mass, detectable only through its gravitational effects

темная материя

темная материя

Ex: Dark matter is a form of matter that does not emit, absorb, or reflect light, making it invisible and detectable only through its gravitational effects. 
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cosmic dust
cosmic dust
[существительное]

very small particles originally derived from stars, serving as raw material for forming planets, and existing between galaxies, stars, and other celestial bodies

космическая пыль

космическая пыль

Ex: Cosmic dust consists of tiny particles of matter floating in space, primarily composed of elements such as carbon, silicon, and iron. 
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corona
corona
[существительное]

the outer layer of the Sun's atmosphere, observable as a plasma halo during a solar eclipse

корона

корона

Ex: During a total solar eclipse, the corona of the Sun becomes visible as a radiant halo around the moon. 
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comet
comet
[существительное]

an object in space that is a mass of ice and dust and when it nears the sun it starts illuminating in the shape of a tail

комета

комета

Ex: Halley's Comet is one of the most famous comets, visible from Earth approximately every 76 years. 
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aurora australis
aurora australis
[существительное]

the colored lights, mainly green and red, in the sky seen primarily near the southern magnetic pole

полярное сияние

полярное сияние

Ex: The aurora australis, also known as the Southern Lights, is a natural light display that occurs in the high-latitude regions of the Southern Hemisphere. 
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aurora borealis
aurora borealis
[существительное]

the colored lights, mainly green and red, in the sky seen primarily near the northern magnetic pole

полярное сияние

полярное сияние

Ex: The aurora borealis, also known as the Northern Lights, is a natural light display that occurs in the high-latitude regions of the Northern Hemisphere. 
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constellation
constellation
[существительное]

a specific group of stars that form a pattern and have a name related to their shape

созвездие

созвездие

Ex: Orion is a well-known constellation visible in the winter sky. 
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biosphere
biosphere
[существительное]

a part of planet where the air, land, and water are suitable for all the living things to exist on

биосфера

биосфера

Ex: The biosphere includes all ecosystems on Earth. 
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eon
eon
[существительное]

an endless or lengthy period of time

вечность

вечность

Ex: It felt like an eon waiting for the train to arrive. 
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