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GRE必备词汇 - 时空连续体

在这里,你将学习一些关于时间和空间的英语单词,如“痉挛的”、“永世”、“千年的”等,这些是GRE考试所需要的。

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Essential Words Needed for the GRE
perpetual
[形容词]

continuing forever or indefinitely into the future

永久的, 永恒的

永久的, 永恒的

Ex: The company aims for perpetual growth and success .公司旨在实现**永续**增长和成功。
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spasmodic
[形容词]

occurring in sudden, brief manner, without a regular order or time

痉挛的, 不规则的

痉挛的, 不规则的

Ex: Her spasmodic bursts of energy were followed by long stretches of inactivity .她**痉挛性**的能量爆发之后是长时间的不活动。
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solstice
[名词]

either of the two times of the year when the sun reaches its farthest or closest distance from the equator

至点, 二至点

至点, 二至点

Ex: At the summer solstice, ancient rituals are enacted to honor the sun and its life-giving energy, ensuring bountiful harvests and prosperity for the year ahead.在夏**至**时,举行古老的仪式以纪念太阳及其赋予生命的能量,确保来年丰收和繁荣。
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bicentenary
[名词]

the specific day that an event turns 200 years old

二百周年纪念

二百周年纪念

Ex: The museum planned a special exhibition for the bicentenary of the famous artist 's birth .博物馆为这位著名艺术家的诞辰**两百周年**计划了一场特别展览。
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centenary
[名词]

the day that an event becomes 100 years old

百年纪念, 一百周年

百年纪念, 一百周年

Ex: They issued special stamps to honor the centenary of the historic event .他们发行了特别邮票以纪念这一历史事件的**一百周年**。
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diurnal
[形容词]

having a cycle that happens on a daily basis

昼夜的, 每日的

昼夜的, 每日的

Ex: The diurnal movements of the sun affect the temperature throughout the day .太阳的**昼夜**运动影响全天的温度。
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epoch
[名词]

a subdivision of a geologic period, characterized by distinctive and globally recognizable rock layers, fossils, and significant changes in Earth's climate and biota

世, 时期

世, 时期

Ex: The Oligocene epoch followed the Eocene and saw significant evolutionary changes.渐新**世**紧随始新世之后,见证了重大的进化变化。
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equinox
[名词]

either of the two moments in a year when the Sun, in its apparent motion along the ecliptic, crosses the celestial equator, resulting in approximately equal periods of daylight and darkness worldwide

分点, 昼夜平分点

分点, 昼夜平分点

Ex: The equinoxes are important for astronomers studying the Earth 's tilt and orbit .**分点**对于研究地球倾斜和轨道的天文学家来说很重要。
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to elapse
[动词]

(of time) to pass by

流逝, 过去

流逝, 过去

Ex: The days elapsed slowly during the long winter months .在漫长的冬季,日子慢慢地**流逝**。
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millennial
[形容词]

relating to a time span of a thousand years

千年的, 与千年有关的

千年的, 与千年有关的

Ex: The millennial glacier has been slowly receding over the past thousand years .**千年**冰川在过去一千年里一直在缓慢消退。
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the time as measured at Greenwich, London, on the line of 0° longitude, used to calculate the time across the globe

格林尼治标准时间, 格林威治平均时间

格林尼治标准时间, 格林威治平均时间

Ex: Scientists use Greenwich Mean Time to standardize observations across different locations .科学家使用**格林尼治标准时间**来标准化不同地点的观测。
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eventual
[形容词]

happening at the end of a process or a particular period of time

最终的

最终的

Ex: Although the road ahead may be challenging , they remain optimistic about their eventual triumph .尽管前方的道路可能充满挑战,他们对自己**最终**的胜利仍然保持乐观。
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at the appropriate or expected time, without rushing or delay

在适当的时候, 届时

在适当的时候, 届时

Ex: The product will be available for purchase in due course ; please check back later .该产品将在**适当的时候**可供购买;请稍后再查看。
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to wane
[动词]

(of the moon) to gradually decrease in its visible illuminated surface as it progresses from full to new moon

亏, 减少

亏, 减少

Ex: The moon 's brightness started to wane just a few days after the full moon .满月后仅几天,月亮的亮度就开始**减弱**。
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twilight
[名词]

the time in the evening when the sun is below the horizon

黄昏, 暮光

黄昏, 暮光

Ex: Birds chirped softly as daylight faded into twilight, signaling the end of another day .鸟儿轻柔地鸣叫着,日光渐渐变成了**暮色**,标志着又一天的结束。
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stratospheric
[形容词]

the second layer of earth's atmosphere composed of cool and warm layers of air

平流层的, 属于平流层的

平流层的, 属于平流层的

Ex: The research focused on stratospheric chemistry and its impact on climate .该研究侧重于**平流层**化学及其对气候的影响。
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space-time
[名词]

the theory that adds the notion of time to that of a three-dimensional space

时空, 时空连续体

时空, 时空连续体

Ex: The study of space-time helps cosmologists understand the large-scale structure and evolution of the universe .**时空**的研究有助于宇宙学家理解宇宙的大尺度结构和演化。
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orbital
[形容词]

relating to the path or motion of an object as it revolves around another object in space

轨道的, 轨道的

轨道的, 轨道的

Ex: Orbital maneuvers are necessary for spacecraft to adjust their trajectories .航天器调整轨迹需要进行**轨道**机动。
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Nebula
[名词]

a glowing cloud of gas and dust in outer space, often the result of a star explosion or formation

星云, 气体和尘埃云

星云, 气体和尘埃云

Ex: The beautiful colors of the Eagle Nebula were captured by the space telescope.鹰**星云**的美丽颜色被太空望远镜捕捉到了。
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umbra
[名词]

the part of a shadow that is completely dark; caused by acute light blockage

本影, 阴影

本影, 阴影

Ex: The shadow 's umbra was clearly defined against the bright background .阴影的**本影**在明亮的背景下清晰可见。
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to wax
[动词]

(of the moon) to progressively display a larger illuminated section until it turns into a full moon

渐盈, 变大

渐盈, 变大

Ex: The moon waxes, reaching full brightness in about two weeks.月亮**渐盈**,大约两周后达到最亮。
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meteoroid
[名词]

a small celestial body that becomes visible as a meteor upon entrance into the atmosphere of the earth

流星体, 小天体

流星体, 小天体

Ex: The study of meteoroids provides valuable insights into the composition and dynamics of our solar system , as well as the potential hazards they pose to spacecraft and Earth .对**流星体**的研究为我们提供了关于太阳系组成和动力学的宝贵见解,以及它们对航天器和地球构成的潜在危险。
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meteorite
[名词]

a piece of rock or metal from space that has hit the surface of the earth

陨石, 流星体

陨石, 流星体

Ex: The study of meteorites helps researchers understand the potential hazards of asteroids and comets .对**陨石**的研究有助于研究人员了解小行星和彗星的潜在危险。
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meteor
[名词]

a piece of rock coming from outer space that passes through the Earth's atmosphere, producing light

流星,  陨石

流星, 陨石

Ex: The Perseid meteor shower is one of the most famous annual meteor showers, visible in August.英仙座流星雨是最著名的年度流星雨之一,在八月可见。
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a disruption in earth's magnetic field caused by solar activity, resulting in variations that can impact electronic systems and communications on earth

磁暴, 地磁暴

磁暴, 地磁暴

Ex: Scientists monitor magnetic storms closely to better understand their effects on Earth 's technology and to develop strategies for mitigating potential disruptions .科学家密切监测**磁暴**,以更好地了解它们对地球技术的影响,并制定减轻潜在干扰的策略。
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intergalactic
[形容词]

existing or occurring between galaxies

星际的, 星系间的

星际的, 星系间的

Ex: The intergalactic medium contains gas and dust spread throughout space .**星际**介质包含遍布空间的气体和尘埃。
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interplanetary
[形容词]

existing or occurring between planets

行星间的, 星际的

行星间的, 星际的

Ex: The study of interplanetary magnetic fields helps scientists understand solar activity .对**行星际**磁场的研究有助于科学家理解太阳活动。
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interstellar
[形容词]

situated or occurring between stars or within the space that exists between stars

星际的, 星星之间的

星际的, 星星之间的

Ex: Interstellar communication explores the possibility of sending messages or signals between distant stars.**星际**通信探索了在遥远的恒星之间发送消息或信号的可能性。
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hyperspace
[名词]

(specialist) space that consists of more than three dimensions

超空间, 多维空间

超空间, 多维空间

Ex: Hyperspace is a popular theme in science fiction for faster-than-light travel.**超空间**是科幻小说中用于超光速旅行的热门主题。
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extraterrestrial
[形容词]

relating to or originating from outside the Earth or its atmosphere

地球外的, 来自太空的

地球外的, 来自太空的

Ex: Some believe that crop circles are created by extraterrestrial beings.有些人认为麦田圈是由**外星**生物创造的。
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exoplanet
[名词]

a planet that is outside the solar system

系外行星, 太阳系外行星

系外行星, 太阳系外行星

Ex: Scientists use advanced telescopes and observatories to detect the faint signals of exoplanets orbiting distant stars .科学家使用先进的望远镜和天文台来探测围绕遥远恒星运行的**系外行星**的微弱信号。
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dark matter
[名词]

(physics) an invisible substance that makes up most of the universe's mass, detectable only through its gravitational effects

暗物质, 黑暗物质

暗物质, 黑暗物质

Ex: Various theories have been proposed to explain the identity of dark matter particles , but conclusive evidence has yet to be found .为了解释**暗物质**粒子的身份,人们提出了各种理论,但尚未找到确凿的证据。
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cosmic dust
[名词]

very small particles originally derived from stars, serving as raw material for forming planets, and existing between galaxies, stars, and other celestial bodies

宇宙尘埃, 星尘

宇宙尘埃, 星尘

Ex: Cosmic dust can be detected using various methods , including infrared and microwave observations , which reveal its presence and composition across different regions of the universe .**宇宙尘埃**可以通过多种方法检测到,包括红外和微波观测,这些方法揭示了它在宇宙不同区域的存在和组成。
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corona
[名词]

the outer layer of the Sun's atmosphere, observable as a plasma halo during a solar eclipse

日冕, 太阳的外层大气

日冕, 太阳的外层大气

Ex: The corona's magnetic fields contribute to the formation of solar prominences and eruptions .**日冕**的磁场有助于太阳 prominences 和喷发的形成。
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comet
[名词]

an object in space that is a mass of ice and dust and when it nears the sun it starts illuminating in the shape of a tail

彗星

彗星

Ex: The appearance of a bright comet in the night sky often attracts attention from amateur astronomers and stargazers alike .夜空中出现一颗明亮的**彗星**,往往会吸引业余天文学家和观星者的注意。
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the colored lights, mainly green and red, in the sky seen primarily near the southern magnetic pole

南极光, 南极极光

南极光, 南极极光

Ex: The aurora australis is a stunning phenomenon that has inspired artists, scientists, and adventurers throughout history, offering a glimpse of the Earth's connection to the wider cosmos.**南极光**是一种令人惊叹的现象,历史上激发了艺术家、科学家和冒险家的灵感,提供了地球与更广阔宇宙联系的一瞥。
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the colored lights, mainly green and red, in the sky seen primarily near the northern magnetic pole

北极光, 北極光

北极光, 北極光

Ex: The aurora borealis has captivated people for centuries and continues to be a source of wonder and inspiration for astronomers , photographers , and travelers alike .**北极光**几个世纪以来一直吸引着人们,并且继续是天文学家、摄影师和旅行者的惊奇和灵感来源。
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a specific group of stars that form a pattern and have a name related to their shape

星座, 星群

星座, 星群

Ex: The constellation Cassiopeia forms a distinct " W " shape in the northern sky .**星座**仙后座在北部天空中形成一个明显的"W"形状。
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biosphere
[名词]

a part of planet where the air, land, and water are suitable for all the living things to exist on

生物圈, 生命领域

生物圈, 生命领域

Ex: Pollution can harm the delicate balance of the biosphere.污染会破坏**生物圈**的微妙平衡。
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eon
[名词]

an endless or lengthy period of time

永世, 漫长的时间

永世, 漫长的时间

Ex: They 've been friends for what seems like eons.他们做朋友的时间似乎已经有**亿万年**了。
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