Архитектура и Строительство - Construction

the process of constructing the roof of a building

кровля

the dry usually white mixture of sand, water, and lime that coats the surface of a wall or ceiling, particularly in decorative patterns

штукатурка

a heavy metal ball hanging from a crane that is struck against a building to destroy it

шар-баба

the activity or job of using bricks to build walls or buildings

кладка кирпича

a large, powerful vehicle with a wide steel blade at its front that is used to destroy buildings or move earth

бульдозер

a machine used for digging earth

экскаватор

the act of building a structure or placing it upright

Возведение стен

a hard layer of cement, stone, etc. that serves as the underground support of a building

фундамент

an outer layer that coats a wall surface

облицовка

the structure of a building, piece of furniture, vehicle, etc. that supports and shapes it

каркас

a box that has a long handle and workers can put it on their shoulders to carry bricks

корыто

the construction method of building structures using individual units, such as bricks, stones, or concrete blocks, that are bound together with mortar

каменная кладка

a formal approval by a local authority to construct or change a building

разрешения на строительство

the activity or process of making or building something once again after it has been destroyed or damaged

реконструкция

a structure consisting of metal poles with wooden planks on them that are put against a building so that workers can climb it or stand on it while constructing the building

подмости

an area of land on which something is, was, or will be constructed

место

the main support for a bridge, building, etc.

каркас

anything that is built from several parts, such as a house, bridge, etc.

строение

a structure or base that is situated beneath another structure to provide support

подструктура

the process of filling the gaps or joints between bricks, stones, or other masonry units with mortar or a specialized material to enhance the structural integrity and appearance of a wall or structure

заполнение

flexible architectural construction using tensioned materials to create lightweight and visually striking structures

тензонная структура

a structural component used in construction that consists of a long, threaded rod or bar, often made of steel, designed to provide stability and resist tension by connecting and anchoring different parts of a building or structure

тянущая палка

a long bar of iron or metal that supports the weight of a building

балка

a long metal or wooden bar that is fixed to a wall at just one end and sticks out of it, used to hold a structure such as a bridge or shelf in place

кантилевер

a long and thick metal bar used to build bridges or form the frame of large structures such as buildings

балка

the craft or skill of working with wood to create objects, structures, or decorative items using various tools and techniques

деревообработка

a flat or slightly raised section of material, such as wood, metal, or plastic, that is used as a covering, divider, or decorative element in construction, furniture, or other applications

панель

the act of covering something with a substance that does not let heat, electricity, or sound to enter or escape through

изоляция

a structural element, such as a beam or column, that has a relatively long length compared to its cross-sectional dimensions, typically characterized by its susceptibility to buckling under compressive loads

стройный элемент

a detailed plan or design, typically technical or architectural, that outlines the dimensions, materials, and specifications for construction or production

проект

one the sides of a building or the architectural drawing of it

фасада здания

a common size of lumber board used in construction and woodworking, which measures approximately 1.5 inches by 3.5 inches or 3.8 cm by 8.9 cm in cross-section

двухдюймовая доска

a plan belonging to any of the floors of a building

земельный план

a construction technique where alternating long and short stones or bricks are used to create a decorative pattern on the façade of a building

долгая и короткая работа

the ceremonial or symbolic stone that is placed at the corner of a building's foundation, often inscribed with significant information or symbols, representing the starting point or establishment of the structure

угловой камень

a type of plaster used for covering walls and ceilings, which leaves a rough surface and is also used to form decorative structures

штукатурка

the reinforced concrete or masonry structure that supports the foundation of a building, distributing its load to the underlying soil or bedrock

фундамент

the act or process of fitting or furnishing a structure, such as windows or doors, with glass or transparent materials to allow light transmission while providing insulation and protection

остекление

a method of creating grooves or roughening surfaces to enhance the bond between new and existing masonry or concrete

зубчатость

a long, thick, and horizontal timber or beam used as a support or a dividing element in construction, such as in the framing of floors, ceilings, or roofs

балка

a structural element used to provide additional support and stability to a building or structure, typically installed diagonally or at an angle to resist lateral forces and improve overall strength

усилительная балка

a piece of board attached to the roof of a building to cover the ends of the rafters

фасонная крыша

a sloping structural member, typically made of wood or metal, that supports the roof and transfers its weight to the walls or other supports of a building

стропила

a horizontal beam or structural member that provides support and stability to a building or structure

связывающая балка

a construction technique where a mixture of soil, clay, sand, and gravel is compacted or "rammed" into formwork or molds, creating solid and durable walls or structures

утрамбованная земля

a type of furnace or oven that is used for baking or drying pottery, ceramics, or bricks

печь

a long and narrow piece of wood or metal used to hold together or fasten other materials of a building

рейка

a metal or wooden frame supporting a bridge, roof, etc.

стропильная нога

a thin, narrow strip of wood, metal, or plaster used as a backing or support for the application of plaster or other materials, typically in the construction of walls, ceilings, or other surfaces

обрешетка

a construction method where woven branches or twigs are used to create a framework for walls or fences

плетёнка

a building method that uses wooden timbers joined together to create the structural framework of a building

деревянный каркас

a decorative or functional element installed on the surface of a wall, enhancing aesthetics and serving various purposes such as insulation or acoustics

стенной панель

a structural arrangement used to provide stability and resist lateral forces in buildings, bridges, or other structures

обсуждение системы

a horizontal wooden or metal plate that is fixed to a wall to support the ends of floor or ceiling joists

настенная плита

a process of joining two materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by melting them with high heat and allowing them to cool and fuse

сварка

a metal bracket used to support the ends of joists or beams in construction projects

подвес для балок

the construction or use of stones in various architectural or decorative applications, such as building walls, structures, pathways, or sculptures

каменная работа

the construction or arrangement of bricks in a structure, typically using mortar as a binding agent, to create walls, partitions, or other elements of a building

кладка