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Architektura a Stavba - Construction

Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související se stavebnictvím, jako je „sádrování“, „buldozer“ a „nadace“.

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Words Related to Architecture and Construction
roofing
[Podstatné jméno]

the process of constructing the roof of a building

střechařství, pokrývačství

střechařství, pokrývačství

plasterwork
[Podstatné jméno]

the dry usually white mixture of sand, water, and lime that coats the surface of a wall or ceiling, particularly in decorative patterns

štuková práce, stěrka

štuková práce, stěrka

wrecking ball
[Podstatné jméno]

a heavy metal ball hanging from a crane that is struck against a building to destroy it

bourací koule, demoliční koule

bourací koule, demoliční koule

bricklaying
[Podstatné jméno]

the activity or job of using bricks to build walls or buildings

zdění, používání cihel

zdění, používání cihel

bulldozer
[Podstatné jméno]

a large, powerful vehicle with a wide steel blade at its front that is used to destroy buildings or move earth

buldozer, rypadlo

buldozer, rypadlo

digger
[Podstatné jméno]

a machine used for digging earth

bagr, rýpadlo

bagr, rýpadlo

Ex: He learned how to use digger during his summer job at the construction site .
erection
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of building a structure or placing it upright

vystavění, zřízení

vystavění, zřízení

foundation
[Podstatné jméno]

a hard layer of cement, stone, etc. that serves as the underground support of a building

základ, podklad

základ, podklad

Ex: The architect designed the house with a foundation to mitigate the risk of flooding in the coastal area .
facing
[Podstatné jméno]

an outer layer that coats a wall surface

povrchová vrstva, obal

povrchová vrstva, obal

frame
[Podstatné jméno]

the structure of a building, piece of furniture, vehicle, etc. that supports and shapes it

rám, konstrukce

rám, konstrukce

Ex: The wooden frame of the bridge was reinforced to handle heavier loads.
hod
[Podstatné jméno]

a box that has a long handle and workers can put it on their shoulders to carry bricks

hako, truhla

hako, truhla

masonry
[Podstatné jméno]

the construction method of building structures using individual units, such as bricks, stones, or concrete blocks, that are bound together with mortar

zdivo, masonářství

zdivo, masonářství

planning permission
[Podstatné jméno]

a formal approval by a local authority to construct or change a building

stavební povolení, povolení pro výstavbu

stavební povolení, povolení pro výstavbu

reconstruction
[Podstatné jméno]

the activity or process of making or building something once again after it has been destroyed or damaged

rekonstrukce, obnova

rekonstrukce, obnova

Ex: reconstruction of the damaged artwork was impressive .
scaffolding
[Podstatné jméno]

a structure consisting of metal poles with wooden planks on them that are put against a building so that workers can climb it or stand on it while constructing the building

lešení, scaffolding

lešení, scaffolding

site
[Podstatné jméno]

an area of land on which something is, was, or will be constructed

místo, lokalita

místo, lokalita

Ex: We visited the site where the decisive battle took place .
skeleton
[Podstatné jméno]

the main support for a bridge, building, etc.

skelet, kostra

skelet, kostra

structure
[Podstatné jméno]

anything that is built from several parts, such as a house, bridge, etc.

struktura, stavba

struktura, stavba

Ex: The ancient Roman aqueduct is an structure that spans several kilometers .
substructure
[Podstatné jméno]

a structure or base that is situated beneath another structure to provide support

podstruktura, základní struktura

podstruktura, základní struktura

pointing
[Podstatné jméno]

the process of filling the gaps or joints between bricks, stones, or other masonry units with mortar or a specialized material to enhance the structural integrity and appearance of a wall or structure

spárování, vyplňování spár

spárování, vyplňování spár

tensile structure
[Podstatné jméno]

flexible architectural construction using tensioned materials to create lightweight and visually striking structures

napínací struktura, tahová konstrukce

napínací struktura, tahová konstrukce

tie rod
[Podstatné jméno]

a structural component used in construction that consists of a long, threaded rod or bar, often made of steel, designed to provide stability and resist tension by connecting and anchoring different parts of a building or structure

závitová tyč, tahová tyč

závitová tyč, tahová tyč

beam
[Podstatné jméno]

a long bar of iron or metal that supports the weight of a building

nosník, trám

nosník, trám

Ex: The architect designed the modern office space with exposed beams, giving it an industrial-chic aesthetic .
cantilever
[Podstatné jméno]

a long metal or wooden bar that is fixed to a wall at just one end and sticks out of it, used to hold a structure such as a bridge or shelf in place

konstrukce, příčník

konstrukce, příčník

girder
[Podstatné jméno]

a long and thick metal bar used to build bridges or form the frame of large structures such as buildings

tahové nosníky, trám

tahové nosníky, trám

woodwork
[Podstatné jméno]

the craft or skill of working with wood to create objects, structures, or decorative items using various tools and techniques

truhlařina, dřevařství

truhlařina, dřevařství

panel
[Podstatné jméno]

a flat or slightly raised section of material, such as wood, metal, or plastic, that is used as a covering, divider, or decorative element in construction, furniture, or other applications

panel, deska

panel, deska

insulation
[Podstatné jméno]

the act of covering something with a substance that does not let heat, electricity, or sound to enter or escape through

izolace, izolační vrstva

izolace, izolační vrstva

slender member
[Podstatné jméno]

a structural element, such as a beam or column, that has a relatively long length compared to its cross-sectional dimensions, typically characterized by its susceptibility to buckling under compressive loads

štíhlý prvek, slabý prvek

štíhlý prvek, slabý prvek

blueprint
[Podstatné jméno]

a detailed plan or design, typically technical or architectural, that outlines the dimensions, materials, and specifications for construction or production

plán, projekt

plán, projekt

Ex: blueprint included diagrams and annotations for plumbing and electrical systems .
elevation
[Podstatné jméno]

one the sides of a building or the architectural drawing of it

pohled, elevace

pohled, elevace

two by four
[Podstatné jméno]

a common size of lumber board used in construction and woodworking, which measures approximately 1.5 inches by 3.5 inches or 3.8 cm by 8.9 cm in cross-section

dva na čtyři, prkno 2x4

dva na čtyři, prkno 2x4

ground plan
[Podstatné jméno]

a plan belonging to any of the floors of a building

půdorys, plán podlaží

půdorys, plán podlaží

long-and-short work
[Podstatné jméno]

a construction technique where alternating long and short stones or bricks are used to create a decorative pattern on the façade of a building

dlouho-krátká práce, střídavá práce kameny

dlouho-krátká práce, střídavá práce kameny

cornerstone
[Podstatné jméno]

the ceremonial or symbolic stone that is placed at the corner of a building's foundation, often inscribed with significant information or symbols, representing the starting point or establishment of the structure

etalon, základní kámen

etalon, základní kámen

Ex: cornerstone, engraved with the names of the project 's benefactors , was carefully set into the building 's foundation .
stucco
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of plaster used for covering walls and ceilings, which leaves a rough surface and is also used to form decorative structures

štuk, omítka

štuk, omítka

footing
[Podstatné jméno]

the reinforced concrete or masonry structure that supports the foundation of a building, distributing its load to the underlying soil or bedrock

podepření, pěchování

podepření, pěchování

glazing
[Podstatné jméno]

the act or process of fitting or furnishing a structure, such as windows or doors, with glass or transparent materials to allow light transmission while providing insulation and protection

sklenářství, zasklívání

sklenářství, zasklívání

toothing
[Podstatné jméno]

a method of creating grooves or roughening surfaces to enhance the bond between new and existing masonry or concrete

zoubkování, zoubkování povrchu

zoubkování, zoubkování povrchu

balk
[Podstatné jméno]

a long, thick, and horizontal timber or beam used as a support or a dividing element in construction, such as in the framing of floors, ceilings, or roofs

trám, balk

trám, balk

straining piece
[Podstatné jméno]

a structural element used to provide additional support and stability to a building or structure, typically installed diagonally or at an angle to resist lateral forces and improve overall strength

vyztužovací prvek, diagonální výztuha

vyztužovací prvek, diagonální výztuha

fascia
[Podstatné jméno]

a piece of board attached to the roof of a building to cover the ends of the rafters

podhlednice, fasáda

podhlednice, fasáda

rafter
[Podstatné jméno]

a sloping structural member, typically made of wood or metal, that supports the roof and transfers its weight to the walls or other supports of a building

krov, trám

krov, trám

binder
[Podstatné jméno]

a horizontal beam or structural member that provides support and stability to a building or structure

trám, nosník

trám, nosník

rammed earth
[Podstatné jméno]

a construction technique where a mixture of soil, clay, sand, and gravel is compacted or "rammed" into formwork or molds, creating solid and durable walls or structures

doplněná hlína, zhuštěná zemina

doplněná hlína, zhuštěná zemina

kiln
[Podstatné jméno]

a type of furnace or oven that is used for baking or drying pottery, ceramics, or bricks

pec, kotelna

pec, kotelna

Ex: The pottery workshop is equipped with kilns of different sizes for firing various types of clay pottery .
batten
[Podstatné jméno]

a long and narrow piece of wood or metal used to hold together or fasten other materials of a building

latě, příčka

latě, příčka

truss
[Podstatné jméno]

a metal or wooden frame supporting a bridge, roof, etc.

truss, krov

truss, krov

lath
[Podstatné jméno]

a thin, narrow strip of wood, metal, or plaster used as a backing or support for the application of plaster or other materials, typically in the construction of walls, ceilings, or other surfaces

latka, lat

latka, lat

wattle
[Podstatné jméno]

a construction method where woven branches or twigs are used to create a framework for walls or fences

proutěná konstrukce, stěnové proutí

proutěná konstrukce, stěnové proutí

timber-frame
[Podstatné jméno]

a building method that uses wooden timbers joined together to create the structural framework of a building

dřevěná konstrukce, dřevěný rám

dřevěná konstrukce, dřevěný rám

wall panel
[Podstatné jméno]

a decorative or functional element installed on the surface of a wall, enhancing aesthetics and serving various purposes such as insulation or acoustics

stěnová panel, panely na stěnu

stěnová panel, panely na stěnu

bracing system
[Podstatné jméno]

a structural arrangement used to provide stability and resist lateral forces in buildings, bridges, or other structures

vyztužovací systém, stabilizační systém

vyztužovací systém, stabilizační systém

wall plate
[Podstatné jméno]

a horizontal wooden or metal plate that is fixed to a wall to support the ends of floor or ceiling joists

nosná deska, stropní konzola

nosná deska, stropní konzola

welding
[Podstatné jméno]

a process of joining two materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by melting them with high heat and allowing them to cool and fuse

svařování, spojování

svařování, spojování

joist hanger
[Podstatné jméno]

a metal bracket used to support the ends of joists or beams in construction projects

nosník držiak, držiak nosníků

nosník držiak, držiak nosníků

stonework
[Podstatné jméno]

the construction or use of stones in various architectural or decorative applications, such as building walls, structures, pathways, or sculptures

kamenná práce, zpracování kamene

kamenná práce, zpracování kamene

brickwork
[Podstatné jméno]

the construction or arrangement of bricks in a structure, typically using mortar as a binding agent, to create walls, partitions, or other elements of a building

zděná konstrukce, cihelná práce

zděná konstrukce, cihelná práce

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