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Естественные Науки SAT - Неврология и биохимия крови
Здесь вы выучите некоторые английские слова, связанные с неврологией и биохимией крови, такие как «лептин», «грелин» и т. д., которые вам понадобятся для успешной сдачи SAT.
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a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body
нейрон
the tissue in the central nervous system composed of myelinated nerve fibers
Белое вещество
a comprehensive map or diagram that depicts the complete set of neural connections within a nervous system
коннектом
relating to the part of the nervous system that promotes relaxation and digestion in the body
парасимпатический
relating to bodily functions that occur automatically, without conscious effort or control
автономный
a curved structure in the brain responsible for memory formation, learning, and spatial navigationa curved structure in the brain responsible for memory formation, learning, and spatial navigation
гиппокамп
the outer layer of neural tissue in the parietal lobe involved in sensory processing and spatial awareness
Задняя теменная кора
a chemical substance that transmits messages from a neuron to another one or to a muscle
нейромедиатор
the process by which new neurons are generated in the brain, occurring primarily during prenatal development but also continuing into adulthood in certain brain regions
нейрогенез
a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed
невроз
a scientist who studies the structure, function, and disorders of the nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord
нейробиолог
a neurological phenomenon where stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway
синестезия
a physical perception caused by an outside stimulus or something being in touch with the body
ощущение
the temporary storage of information that is currently being used or actively processed by the brain, typically for a few seconds to a few minutes
краткосрочная память
the branch of medicine and physiology dealing with the endocrine system that controls the hormones in one's body
эндокринология
a hormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates sleep-wake cycles and promotes restful sleep
мелатонин
a hormone produced mainly by the stomach that stimulates appetite and regulates hunger
грелин
a hormone produced primarily by fat cells that helps regulate energy balance by inhibiting hunger and promoting feelings of fullness
лептин
a hormone primarily responsible for female reproductive development and regulation
эстроген
a neurotransmitter primarily found in the brain and gastrointestinal tract that plays a key role in mood regulation, appetite, sleep, and various physiological functions
серотонин
a hormone and neurotransmitter that regulates the body's stress response
норадреналин
a compound released by cells in response to injury, allergy, or immune reactions, causing inflammation, itching, and other allergy symptoms
гистамин
a biochemical assembly that transports fats (lipids) in the bloodstream, composed of proteins and lipids
липопротеин
a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter
синапс
a biological indicator found in blood that can be measured and evaluated to indicate a particular physiological or pathological condition, or the response to treatment
биомаркер
any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins
аминокислота
a medical condition characterized by an excess of acid in the blood and body tissues, resulting in a lower pH than normal
ацидоз
a medical condition characterized by an excess of base or alkali in the blood and body tissues, resulting in a higher pH than normal
алкалоз
a small protein that regulates immune responses and cell communication in the human body
цитокин
