Přírodní Vědy SAT - Neurologie a Biochemie Krve
Zde se naučíte některá anglická slova související s neurologií a biochemií krve, jako je "leptin", "ghrelin" atd., která budete potřebovat k úspěšnému složení SAT.
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a cell that is responsible for transmitting nerve impulses between the brain and the rest of the body
neuron, nervová buňka
the tissue in the central nervous system composed of myelinated nerve fibers
bílá hmota, bílá substance
a comprehensive map or diagram that depicts the complete set of neural connections within a nervous system
connectom, mapa nervových spojení
relating to the part of the nervous system that promotes relaxation and digestion in the body
parasympatický
relating to bodily functions that occur automatically, without conscious effort or control
autonomní, vegetativní
a curved structure in the brain responsible for memory formation, learning, and spatial navigationa curved structure in the brain responsible for memory formation, learning, and spatial navigation
hippokampus, zakřivená struktura v mozku zodpovědná za tvorbu paměti
the outer layer of neural tissue in the parietal lobe involved in sensory processing and spatial awareness
parietální kůra, vnější vrstva nervové tkáně v parietálním laloku
a chemical substance that transmits messages from a neuron to another one or to a muscle
neurotransmiter
the process by which new neurons are generated in the brain, occurring primarily during prenatal development but also continuing into adulthood in certain brain regions
neurogeneze, tvorba neuronů
a mental condition that is not caused by organic disease in which one is constantly anxious, worried, and stressed
neuróza, neurotická porucha
a scientist who studies the structure, function, and disorders of the nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord
neurovědec, specialista na neurovědy
a neurological phenomenon where stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway
synestézie, synestézie
a physical perception caused by an outside stimulus or something being in touch with the body
pocit, vnímání
the temporary storage of information that is currently being used or actively processed by the brain, typically for a few seconds to a few minutes
krátkodobá paměť, pracovní paměť
the branch of medicine and physiology dealing with the endocrine system that controls the hormones in one's body
endokrinologie
a hormone produced by the pineal gland that regulates sleep-wake cycles and promotes restful sleep
melatonin, spánkový hormon
a hormone produced mainly by the stomach that stimulates appetite and regulates hunger
ghrelin, hormon hladu
a hormone produced primarily by fat cells that helps regulate energy balance by inhibiting hunger and promoting feelings of fullness
leptin, hormon sytosti
a hormone primarily responsible for female reproductive development and regulation
estrogen, ženský hormon
a neurotransmitter primarily found in the brain and gastrointestinal tract that plays a key role in mood regulation, appetite, sleep, and various physiological functions
serotonin, 5-hydroxytryptamin (5-HT)
a hormone and neurotransmitter that regulates the body's stress response
noradrenalin, norepinefrin
a compound released by cells in response to injury, allergy, or immune reactions, causing inflammation, itching, and other allergy symptoms
histamin
a biochemical assembly that transports fats in the bloodstream, composed of proteins and lipids
lipoprotein, lipidová bílkovina
a junction between two nerve cells, consisting of a minute gap across which impulses pass by diffusion of a neurotransmitter
synapse, spojení mezi dvěma nervovými buňkami
a biological indicator found in blood that can be measured and evaluated to indicate a particular physiological or pathological condition, or the response to treatment
biomarker, biologický marker
any organic compound that creates the basic structure of proteins
aminokyselina, aminová kyselina
a medical condition characterized by an excess of acid in the blood and body tissues, resulting in a lower pH than normal
acidóza, acidemie
a medical condition characterized by an excess of base or alkali in the blood and body tissues, resulting in a higher pH than normal
alkalóza, alkalémie
a protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells
hemoglobin, globin
a small protein that regulates immune responses and cell communication in the human body
cytokin, buněčná signalizační bílkovina
having the ability to restrain, limit, or suppress activity or function
inhibiční, potlačující
