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Розширений Словниковий Запас для GRE - Громадянське суспільство і релігійність

Тут ви вивчите деякі англійські слова про суспільство та релігію, такі як "base", "rustic", "gaffe" тощо, які потрібні для іспиту GRE.

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Advanced Words Needed for the GRE
affluent
affluent
[прикметник]

possessing a great amount of riches and material goods

заможний, багатий

заможний, багатий

Ex: The affluent neighborhood was characterized by its luxurious homes and upscale amenities. 
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ascetic
ascetic
[прикметник]

following a strict lifestyle where one practices self-discipline and denies oneself of any form of pleasure, particularly due to religious reasons

аскетичний, суворий

аскетичний, суворий

Ex: The monk led an ascetic life, dedicating himself to prayer and renouncing worldly pleasures. 
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base
base
[прикметник]

completely lacking moral or honorable purpose or character

низький, підлий

низький, підлий

Ex: His base actions shocked everyone at the party. 
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disinterested
disinterested
[прикметник]

not being involved in a situation or benefiting from it, thus able to act fairly

незацікавлений, безсторонній

незацікавлений, безсторонній

Ex: The disinterested third party was brought in to mediate the dispute and ensure fairness. 
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dispassionate
dispassionate
[прикметник]

not letting one's emotions influence one's judgment and decisions, thus able to stay rational and fair

безсторонній, холоднокровний

безсторонній, холоднокровний

Ex: Her dispassionate analysis of the data helped her make objective decisions. 
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egalitarian
egalitarian
[прикметник]

supporting the notion that all humans are equal and should be given equal rights

егалітарний

егалітарний

Ex: The community strives to maintain an egalitarian society where all members have equal rights and opportunities. 
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equitable
equitable
[прикметник]

ensuring fairness and impartiality, so everyone gets what they rightfully deserve

справедливий, рівноправний

справедливий, рівноправний

Ex: Labor unions strive to ensure workers receive equitable pay, benefits and safe working conditions. 
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expansive
expansive
[прикметник]

having a generous and friendly personality with a willingness to engage in conversations

гостинний, товариський

гостинний, товариський

Ex: Her expansive nature made her the perfect host, as she effortlessly struck up conversations with everyone at the party. 
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impartial
impartial
[прикметник]

not favoring a particular party in a way that enables one to act or decide fairly

неупереджений, нейтральний

неупереджений, нейтральний

Ex: The mediator remained impartial throughout the negotiations to ensure a fair outcome. 
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mundane
mundane
[прикметник]

lacking the ability to arouse interest or cause excitement

буденний, нудний

буденний, нудний

Ex: The mundane task of washing dishes felt tedious and uninteresting. 
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profligate
profligate
[прикметник]

acting in a shameless, overindulgent, and immoral manner

розпусний, марнотратний

розпусний, марнотратний

Ex: The billionaire’s profligate spending on luxury yachts and parties was widely criticized. 
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rustic
rustic
[прикметник]

displaying a natural simplicity and warmth that evokes traditional rural life

сільський, простодушний

сільський, простодушний

Ex: The rustic inn had stone walls, wooden beams, and a cozy fireplace. 
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sanctimonious
sanctimonious
[прикметник]

attempting to showcase how one believes to be morally or religiously superior

ханжеський, лицемірно благочестивий

ханжеський, лицемірно благочестивий

Ex: Her sanctimonious remarks about others' behavior were seen as insincere and patronizing. 
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spartan
spartan
[прикметник]

characterized by strict self-discipline, frugality, or simplicity

спартанський, аскетичний

спартанський, аскетичний

Ex: Despite the lavish offerings at the banquet, he maintained a spartan approach, choosing simple fare and refraining from indulgence. 
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unforthcoming
unforthcoming
[прикметник]

unwilling to reveal information or offer assistance

небалакучий, скритний

небалакучий, скритний

Ex: The witness was unforthcoming during the investigation, providing vague answers to questions. 
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apostasy
apostasy
[іменник]

the act of abandoning a religious or political belief that one used to hold

відступництво, зрада віри

відступництво, зрада віри

Ex: His public declaration of atheism was viewed as an act of apostasy by his deeply religious family. 
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arriviste
arriviste
[іменник]

an individual who is either new to a higher society or trying to get into it, and is looking for their approval

вискочка

вискочка

Ex: The arriviste's attempts to buy favor with expensive gifts were seen as transparent and insincere. 
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chauvinism
chauvinism
[іменник]

the extreme belief in the superiority of one's gender, race, country, or group

шовінізм

шовінізм

Ex: The political leader’s chauvinism fueled divisive rhetoric that heightened nationalistic sentiments. 
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gaffe
gaffe
[іменник]

a thing that was done or said in a social or public situation that is considered to be an embarrassing or tactless mistake

промах, ляп

промах, ляп

Ex: The politician’s gaffe during the speech caused widespread embarrassment and criticism. 
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hierarchy
hierarchy
[іменник]

the grouping of people into different levels or ranks according to their power or importance within a society or system

ієрархія, ієрархічна лінія

ієрархія, ієрархічна лінія

Ex: In the company hierarchy, team leaders report to managers, and managers report to directors. 
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inequity
inequity
[іменник]

a situation or something that is lacking in equality or fairness

нерівність, несправедливість

нерівність, несправедливість

Ex: The inequity in the distribution of resources led to significant disparities between communities. 
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mendicant
mendicant
[іменник]

a person who begs other people for food and money

жебрак, попрошайка

жебрак, попрошайка

Ex: The mendicant approached passersby, asking for spare change and food. 
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notoriety
notoriety
[іменник]

the state of having a widespread negative reputation due to a bad or disapproving behavior or characteristic

знаменитість

знаменитість

Ex: The thief gained notoriety for his string of daring bank robberies across three states. 
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pariah
pariah
[іменник]

an individual who is avoided and not liked, accepted, or respected by society or a group of people

парія, вигнанець

парія, вигнанець

Ex: She felt like a pariah at the party because of her controversial opinions on politics. 
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parvenu
parvenu
[іменник]

a low-born individual who has gained quick and unexpected power, success, or wealth

вискочка, новий багач

вискочка, новий багач

Ex: The parvenu quickly rose to prominence, flaunting his newfound wealth and social status. 
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powwow
powwow
[іменник]

a traditional ceremony of Native Americans in which they gather, dance, and sing

пау-вау, традиційна церемонія корінних американців

пау-вау, традиційна церемонія корінних американців

Ex: Traditional crafts and foods were showcased at the powwow, adding to the festive atmosphere. 
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rank
rank
[іменник]

(plural) the people who collectively form a particular group or organization

ряди, члени

ряди, члени

Ex: The charity relies on volunteers within its ranks to help carry out its mission. 
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reprobate
reprobate
[іменник]

an individual who lacks morality and principle

негідник, порочний

негідник, порочний

Ex: That reprobate lied to everyone and stole their money. 
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standing
standing
[іменник]

a person's reputation, status, or position within a system, society, or organization

репутація, статус

репутація, статус

Ex: His standing in the company improved significantly after he successfully led the major project. 
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virago
virago
[іменник]

a woman who is loud, ill-tempered, and aggressive

мегера, фурія

мегера, фурія

Ex: The school teacher, often seen as a virago, surprised everyone with her warm and supportive demeanor. 
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to coalesce
to coalesce
[дієслово]

to come together in order to achieve a common goal

об'єднуватися, зливатися

об'єднуватися, зливатися

Ex: Various community groups coalesced to address the local environmental issues more effectively. 
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to deface
to deface
[дієслово]

to ruin or damage something's appearance, particularly by writing or sketching on it

псувати, спотворювати

псувати, спотворювати

Ex: Graffiti artists often deface public buildings with their artwork. 
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to desecrate
to desecrate
[дієслово]

to insult or damage something that people greatly respect or consider holy, particularly a place

оскверняти, зневажати

оскверняти, зневажати

Ex: Vandals desecrated the church by spray-painting graffiti on its walls. 
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to disseminate
to disseminate
[дієслово]

to spread information, ideas, or knowledge to a wide audience

поширювати, розповсюджувати

поширювати, розповсюджувати

Ex: Social media has become a powerful tool to disseminate news and information quickly. 
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to proselytize
to proselytize
[дієслово]

to attempt to persuade a person into accepting one's beliefs, particularly political or religious ones

прозелітизувати, навертати

прозелітизувати, навертати

Ex: The missionaries proselytize in various communities to spread their religious beliefs. 
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