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GRE高级词汇 - 公民社会和宗教信仰

在这里你将学习一些GRE考试所需的有关社会和宗教的英语单词,例如“base”、“rustic”、“gaffe”等。

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Advanced Words Needed for the GRE
affluent
[形容词]

possessing a great amount of riches and material goods

富裕的, 富足的

富裕的, 富足的

Ex: affluent couple donated generously to local charities and cultural institutions .
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ascetic
[形容词]

following a strict lifestyle where one practices self-discipline and denies oneself of any form of pleasure, particularly due to religious reasons

禁欲的, 苦行的

禁欲的, 苦行的

Ex: ascetic lifestyle often involved long periods of solitude and contemplation .
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base
[形容词]

completely lacking moral or honorable purpose or character

卑鄙的, 低劣的

卑鄙的, 低劣的

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disinterested
[形容词]

not being involved in a situation or benefiting from it, thus able to act fairly

公正的, 无私的

公正的, 无私的

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dispassionate
[形容词]

not letting one's emotions influence one's judgment and decisions, thus able to stay rational and fair

客观的, 冷静的

客观的, 冷静的

Ex: The report was written in dispassionate tone , providing a balanced view of the situation .
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egalitarian
[形容词]

supporting the notion that all humans are equal and should be given equal rights

平等主义的, 人人平等的

平等主义的, 人人平等的

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equitable
[形容词]

ensuring fairness and impartiality, so everyone gets what they rightfully deserve

公平的, 公正的

公平的, 公正的

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expansive
[形容词]

having a generous and friendly personality with a willingness to engage in conversations

广阔的, 开朗的

广阔的, 开朗的

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impartial
[形容词]

not favoring a particular party in a way that enables one to act or decide fairly

公正的, 公平的

公正的, 公平的

Ex: The organizationimpartial stance on political matters ensured that all opinions were respected .
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mundane
[形容词]

lacking the ability to arouse interest or cause excitement

平凡的, 琐碎的

平凡的, 琐碎的

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profligate
[形容词]

acting in a shameless, overindulgent, and immoral manner

挥霍无度的, 放荡的

挥霍无度的, 放荡的

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rustic
[形容词]

associated with the lifestyle of the countryside and rural areas

乡村的, 田园的

乡村的, 田园的

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sanctimonious
[形容词]

attempting to showcase how one believes to be morally or religiously superior

伪善的, 自以为是的

伪善的, 自以为是的

Ex: sanctimonious nature of his public persona was at odds with his private actions .
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spartan
[形容词]

characterized by strict self-discipline, frugality, or simplicity

简朴的, 朴素的

简朴的, 朴素的

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unforthcoming
[形容词]

unwilling to reveal information or offer assistance

不愿透露的, 不合作的

不愿透露的, 不合作的

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apostasy
[名词]

the act of abandoning a religious or political belief that one used to hold

背教, 弃教

背教, 弃教

Ex: The debate apostasy often centers on issues of freedom and the right to change one 's beliefs .
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arriviste
[名词]

an individual who is either new to a higher society or trying to get into it, and is looking for their approval

初入高社会者, 投机者

初入高社会者, 投机者

Ex: Her sudden wealth made her arriviste, striving to gain acceptance among the old money families .
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chauvinism
[名词]

the extreme belief in the superiority of one's gender, race, country, or group

沙文主义, 狭隘民族主义

沙文主义, 狭隘民族主义

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gaffe
[名词]

a thing that was done or said in a social or public situation that is considered to be an embarrassing or tactless mistake

失言, 出丑

失言, 出丑

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hierarchy
[名词]

the grouping of people into different levels or ranks according to their power or importance within a society or system

等级制度, 阶层

等级制度, 阶层

Ex: The hierarchy was rigid , with ranks ranging from general to private , each with specific duties and responsibilities .
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inequity
[名词]

a situation or something that is lacking in equality or fairness

不平等, 不公正

不平等, 不公正

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mendicant
[名词]

a person who begs other people for food and money

乞丐, 乞讨者

乞丐, 乞讨者

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notoriety
[名词]

the state of having a widespread negative reputation due to a bad or disapproving behavior or characteristic

声名狼藉, 臭名昭著

声名狼藉, 臭名昭著

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pariah
[名词]

an individual who is avoided and not liked, accepted, or respected by society or a group of people

贱民, 被鄙视者

贱民, 被鄙视者

Ex: The company ’s unethical practices made it pariah in the industry , leading to widespread boycotts .
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parvenu
[名词]

a low-born individual who has gained quick and unexpected power, success, or wealth

暴发户, 新贵

暴发户, 新贵

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powwow
[名词]

a traditional ceremony of Native Americans in which they gather, dance, and sing

聚会, 部落大会

聚会, 部落大会

Ex: powwow provided an opportunity for younger generations to learn about and connect with their cultural heritage .
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rank
[名词]

(plural) the people who collectively form a particular group or organization

队伍, 行列

队伍, 行列

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reprobate
[名词]

an individual who lacks morality and principle

放荡者, 败类

放荡者, 败类

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standing
[名词]

a person's reputation, status, or position within a system, society, or organization

地位, 声望

地位, 声望

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virago
[名词]

a woman who is loud, ill-tempered, and aggressive

泼妇, 母夜叉

泼妇, 母夜叉

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to coalesce
[动词]

to come together in order to achieve a common goal

合并, 联合

合并, 联合

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to deface
[动词]

to ruin or damage something's appearance, particularly by writing or sketching on it

损坏, 涂鸦

损坏, 涂鸦

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to desecrate
[动词]

to insult or damage something that people greatly respect or consider holy, particularly a place

亵渎, 污辱

亵渎, 污辱

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to spread information, ideas, or knowledge to a wide audience

传播, 散布

传播, 散布

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to attempt to persuade a person into accepting one's beliefs, particularly political or religious ones

宣传, 劝诱

宣传, 劝诱

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